Navegando por Assunto "Frutos da Amazônia"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da composição química e do potencial antioxidante de acessos de Euterpe oleracea e Euterpe precatoria para posterior aplicação como corante natural na formulação de bala de goma
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-11) LISBOA, Camile Ramos; CARVALHO, Ana Vânia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7856575452724939; CHISTÉ, Renan Campos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0583058299891937
The present dissertation evaluate the chemical composition and antioxidant potential of eight different genotypes of Euterpe oleracea and eight of Euterpe precatoria, from the Active Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Amazônia Oriental (Belém/PA), in order to select the best accession for each species for later application in the formulation of gummy candies. The parameters of pulp yield, total lipids, total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins and the evaluation of antioxidant capacity by the ABTS method in the eight accessions of each species were evaluated. PL01 genotype, belonging to the species of E. precatoria, showed greater prominence compared to the other genotypes studied, for total phenolic compounds (2414.11 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g), total monomeric anthocyanins (1822.22 mg cyanidin 3-glycoside/100 g), total flavonoids (325.07 mg quercetin equivalent/100 g) and antioxidant capacity by the ABTS method (96.54 μM trolox equivalent/g), in relation to the species of E. oleracea, the L2PL5 genotype presented better prominence in relation to its same species in the parameters of total monomeric anthocyanins (736.05 mg cyanidin 3- glycoside/100 g), total flavonoids (306.55 mg quercetin equivalent/100 g) antioxidant capacity by the ABTS method (53.77 μM trolox equivalent/g). From this first study, a genotype of each specie, based on the high levels of anthocyanins, in order to evaluate the application of lyophilized açaí in the candy formulation. of gum to monitor the stability of the natural pigment compared to a gummy bear with artificial coloring. Parameters such as pH, total acidity, total soluble solids (oBrix), total monomeric anthocyanins and instrumental color of the gummies produced during 30 days of storage at room temperature were monitored. At the end of the 30 days of storage, it was observed that there was a lower rate of degradation of total monomeric anthocyanins in the gummies with lyophilized açaí from Euterpe precatoria, compared to the gummies with lyophilized açaí from Euterpe oleracea of 1.25 x 10-1 days and 1.52 x 10-1 days, by the first order model, respectively, in addition to a lower loss of total monomeric anthocyanins, in percentagem, 48.17 % and 61.73 %, respectively. Regarding color stability, the lyophilized açaí gummies from Euterpe oleracea and Euterpe precatoria showed a perception of color change in a similar period of 20 days, being an ideal alternative of time for storage and consumption. It is concluded that the applicability of lyophilized açaí in food products can be seen as a viable alternative, resulting in foods with a good source of bioactive properties such as anthocyanins, in order to produce a healthier alternative to gummy bears.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do potencial nutricional e tecnológico da pupunha albina (Bactris Gasipaes)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-01) SOARES, Stephanie Dias; SANTOS, Orquídea Vasconcelos dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9446483074995655; PENA, Rosinelson da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3452623210043423
Among the species of fruit growing in the Amazon, the peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) is worth mentioning, with its different varieties in terms of pulp and peel characteristics, size, and shapes, and an important nutritional value. The natural hybridization promoted various plants and the origin of a palm tree with an albino fruit variety (white peel and pulp). Although there are fruits with yellow exocarp and white mesocarp, there is still no report in the scientific literature about albino peach palm. Thus, this research characterized pulp and pulp flour of raw and cooked albino peach palm. Macro and micronutrients, bioactive compounds, instrumental color, thermogravimetric and differential stability, spectral parameters, morphological structures, and functional and technological properties were evaluated. In the biometric evaluation, parthenocarpic fruits (without seeds) and fruits with seeds were observed; both constituted mostly by pulp (77%). The fruits of the albino peach palm were classified as a microcarp variety. The composition showed that carbohydrates and water were the main constituents of all samples. The cooking process increased the moisture content of the pulp but decreased its proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates contents. The colorimetric parameters indicated a significant browning and the intensification of the yellow color of the pulp after cooking. The content of bioactive compounds varied among the samples, been observed a reduction in the levels of total phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid in the pulp after cooking. The four samples presented a maximum loss of mass at 300ºC, with different thermogravimetric behaviors, according to the cooking and drying processes. The spectral patterns in the infrared region, for the pulps and flours, showed characteristic bands of organic compounds, especially hydroxyl OH, which are present in the structure of starches. Scanning electron microscopy showed amyloplast and fiber bundles with starches in the raw pulp and gelatinized starch granules in the cooked pulp and the flour from this pulp. The flour from raw pulp presented small and heterogeneous starch granules, with isolated amyloplast, attributed to drying and grinding operations. The two flours showed different granulometric distributions, but the highest proportion of both flours was retained in a 250 mesh sieve. Values of water solubility index were statistically different (p < 0.05) for both flours from raw and cooked pulp indicating that the cooking and drying processes increase the number of soluble constituents in the products. The water and oil absorption indices for both flour were significantly different (p ≤ 0.05). The results indicate that pulp and flour from the pulp of albino peach palm are raw materials important for consumption after cooking and to be exploited by the food, pharmaceutical, and biotechnological industries.