Navegando por Assunto "Genótipo"

Agora exibindo 1 - 14 de 14

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Análise filogenética de genes de provável origem não humana de rotavírus do grupo A em espécimes fecais de crianças com gastrenterite aguda provenientes de Belém, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) MAESTRI, Régis Piloni; MASCARENHAS, Joana D'Arc Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5156164089432435
Rotaviruses (RVs) are the main cause of acute viral gastroenteritis in both humans and young animals of species such as calves, horses, pigs, dogs, cats, and birds. The genetic diversity of RVs is related to a variety of evolutionary mechanisms, including point mutation, genome reassortment, and reassortment. The objective of this study was realized the molecular charaxterization of the genes that encode structural and nonstructural proteins in unusual RV strains. The clinical specimens selected for this study were obtained from children and newborns with RV gastroenteritis, who participated in research projects on viral gastroenteritis conducted at the Evandro Chagas Institute. Structural (VP1-VP4, VP6, and VP7) and nonstructural (NSP1-NSP6) genes were amplified from stool samples by the polymerase chain reaction and subsequently sequenced. Eight unusual RV strains isolated from children and newborns with gastroenteritis were studied. Reassortments between genes of animal origin were observed in 5/8 (62.5%) strains analyzed. These results demonstrate that, although rare, interspecies (animal-human) transmission of RVs occurs in nature, as observed in the present study in strains NB150, HSP034, HSP180, HST327, and RV10109. This study is the first of its kind conducted in the Amazon region and supports previous data showing a close relationship between genes of human and animal origin, representing a challenge to the large-scale introduction of RV vaccines in national immunization programs.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Autoanticorpos contra antígenos celulares e sua correlação com o genótipo viral em pacientes com infecção pelo vírus da Hepatite C (HCV)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) SOUZA, Ana Maria Almeida; QUARESMA, Juarez Antônio Simões; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3350166863853054
Inflammation of the liver caused by hepatotropic viruses affect millions of people and represents a significant public health problem worldwide. There are interactions between hepatotropic viruses and the host immune system that can influence the pathogenesis of liver injury. The objective of this study was to investigate the frequency of autoantibodies in patients with hepatitis C virus, and its correlation with the genotypes found. We studied 51 patients diagnosed by PCR of infection with hepatitis C and a group of 100 blood donors with all serological tests for infectious diseases negative. The 51 patients with virus C had an average age of 43 years, + / - 11.3, in the pre-treatment, 34 (66.7%) were male and 17 (33.3%) were female. Of these 13 (25.5%) were ANA positive, 45 (88.2%) were with genotype 1 and 11.8% with genotype 3. Patients who presented with antibodies had no detectable levels of AST, ALT, AST / ALT, γ-GT and alkaline phosphatase significantly different from those with negative antibody titers. Thus, we conclude that the antibodies present in the study sample are independent of disease progression and patient prognosis, though seems to be linked with genotype 1.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização antigênica e molecular de amostras de rotavírus do tipo G1, obtidas de crianças participantes de estudos em gastroenterites virais, no período de 1982 a 2003, em Belém, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-07-03) SOARES, Luana da Silva; MASCARENHAS, Joana D'Arc Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5156164089432435; LINHARES, Alexandre da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3316632173870389
Infant mortality remains an important problem of public health worldwide, mainly in developing countries. Of more than the 50 etiologic agents implied in this disease, rotavirus causes 111 million episodes of diarrhoea, resulting in more than 600,000 deaths among children less than five years, of which 82% are notified in the poorest countries of the world. This study aimed at the antigenic and molecular characterization of G1 rotavirus strains among children participanting of viral gastroenteritis studies, carried out from 1982 to 2003, in Belém, Pará, Brazil. One hundred and forty-eight specimens of G1 rotavirus were analyzed in the present investigation. Overall, the prevalence of the G1 type was of 41.3%, being that frequencies of this genotype through studies ranged from 11.0% to 67.6%. Eletropherotypes, G serotypes and P genotypes characterization of G1 rotavirus occurred in frequencies of 78.4%, 89.9% and 87.8%, respectively. Three long eletropherotypes varieties were identified, being that the L1 variety was found frequently (79.3%). The G1, G9 and G1+G4 serotypes were detected in 88.0%, 9.8% and 2.2% of the specimens, respectively. Mixed infection by G1+G4 genotype was detected in one sample. The prevalent binary combination was P[8],G1, being responsible for 72.3% of the cases. Mixed infections circulated in percentage of 20.0%, including genotypes P[4]+P[8],G1, P[6]+P[8],G1, P[4]+P[6],G1, P[4]+P[6]+P[8],G1 and P[6]+P[8],G1+G4. The G1 genotype circulated among 2nd to 35th months of age and a highest number of cases was registered between 6 to 16 months of age. Clinical severity differences among G1 and other genotypes of rotavirus were not verified. The present analysis gathers pioneer findings in Brazil, allowing to extend the knowledge concerning the antigenic and molecular diversity of the infections by G1 rotavirus and these results will allow to understand the genetic complexity of such viral agents.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização de polimorfismos nos genes DGAT1 E GH em búfalas (Bubalus bubalis)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-11) SILVA, Caio Santos; MARQUES, José Ribamar Felipe; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0104908318773676
The Buffaloes are domestic animals belonging to Bubalus genus, Bovidae family and Artiodactyla order. Provide meat, milk and workforce. Are quite adapted to the climatic conditions of the state of Pará, producing well in those conditions. However, producers still need tested animals for production characteristics. There were used the technique of SSCP (single-strand conformation polymorphism) and SNP markers (single nucleotideo polymorphism), in order to characterize the 83 buffaloes from murrah and Mediterranean breeds. For the DGAT1, occured allelic frequency of 0.741 for the allele A, 0.253 for the allele B and 0.01 for the allele C. The genotypic frequencies were 0.54 for the AA genotype, 0.39 for the AB genotype, 0.06 for the BB genotype and 0.01 for the AC genotype. For the GH gene was found only one genotype. The DGAT1 gene showed considerable genetic variation and detects the presence of SNPs.
Desconhecido
Dideoxy single allele-specific PCR - DSASP new method to discrimination allelic
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06) LIMA, Eleonidas Moura; LOPES, Otávio Sérgio; SOARES, Leonardo Ferreira; ARRUDA, Talitta Dantas; GIGEK, Carolina Oliveira; MELO, Cynthia Germoglio Farias; SMITH, Marília de Arruda Cardoso; OLIVEIRA, João Ricardo Gonçalves; MEDEIROS, Arnaldo Correia de; DELATORRE, Plínio; BURBANO, Rommel Mario Rodriguéz
Gastric cancer (GC) is a multifactorial disease with a high mortality rate in Brazil and worldwide. This work aimed to evaluate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) rs1695, in the Glutathione S-Transferase Pi (GSTP1) gene in GC samples by comparative analysis Specific PCR - ASP and Dideoxy Single Allele-Specific PCR - DSASP methods. The DSASP is the proposed new method for allelic discrimination. This work analyzed 60 GC samples, 26 diffuse and 34 intestinal types. The SNP rs1695 of the GSTP1 gene was significantly associated with GC analyzed by DSASP method (χ 2 = 9.7, P < 0.05). A comparative analysis of the data obtained from both methods did not differ significantly (χ 2 = 0.08, P > 0.05). These results suggest that the SNP rs1695 of the GSTP1 gene was a risk factor associated with gastric carcinogens is and the DSASP method was a new successfully low-cost strategy to study allelic discrimination.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes among different exposure categories in the State of Pará, Brazilian Amazon
(2011-02) SAWADA, Leila; PINHEIRO, Andréia Cristina Costa; LOCKS, Daiane; PIMENTA, Adriana do Socorro Coelho; REZENDE, Priscila Rocha de; CRESPO, Deborah Maia; CRESCENTE, Jose Angelo Barletta; LEMOS, José Alexandre Rodrigues de; OLIVEIRA FILHO, Aldemir Branco de
INTRODUCTION: Epidemiological studies concerning HCV genotypic distribution in the Brazilian Amazon are scarce. Thus, this study determined the patterns of distribution of HCV genotypes among different exposure categories in the State of Pará, Brazilian Amazon. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 312 HCV-infected individuals belonging to different categories of exposure, who were attended at the HEMOPA, CENPREN and a private hemodialysis clinic in Belém. They were tested for HCV antibodies using an immunoenzymatic test, RNA-HCV, using real-time PCR and HCV genotyping through phylogenetic analysis of the 5' UTR. The population groups were epidemiologically characterized according to data collected in a brief interview or medical consultation. RESULTS: Genotype 1 predominated in all the different categories of HCV exposure. HCV genotypic distribution among blood donors comprised genotypes 1 (94%) and 3 (6%). All patients with chronic hematologic diseases had HCV genotype 1. The genotypic distribution in illicit-drug users comprised genotypes 1 (59.6%) and 3 (40.4%). In patients under hemodialysis, genotypes 1 (90.1%), 2 (3.3%), and 3 (6.6%) were detected. Finally, the frequency of genotypes 1 and 3 was significantly different between the groups: BD and DU, PUH and DU, PUH and PCHD and PCHD and DU. CONCLUSIONS: The genotypic frequency and distribution of HCV in different categories of exposure in the State of Pará showed a predominance of genotype 1, regardless of the possible risk of infection.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Genotipagem do HIV-1 no Pará em pacientes experimentando falha terapêutica antirretroviral
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) LOPES, Carmen Andréa Freitas; MONTEIRO, Maria Rita de Cassia Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5536136455627983
Suppressive antiretroviral therapy significantly reduces morbidity and mortality related to HIV, but the emergence of resistant virus may limit the success of treatment. The objective of this study describe, in HIV / AIDS experiencing failure with antiretroviral therapy, in state of Pará, the prevalence of mutations in reverse transcriptase and protease enzymes of HIV-1 and correlate them to resistance to antiretrovirals. A descriptive, retrospective crosssectional data obtained in the Reference Unit Specialized in Special Infectious and Parasitic Diseases from Belem-Pará, profile of patients with laboratory evidence of treatment failure. This sample was represented by genotyping of fifty patients from January 2004 to December 2005. Inclusion criteria were: adherence to therapy prior to genotype, treatment failure, viral resistance profile to antiretroviral therapy and be patient of public health. We described the demographic population profile of antiretroviral therapy prior to genotyping, long known HIV infection, quantitative profile of CD4 + and viral load, in addition to genotype testing performed. The predominant resistance found in patients living in Belém (72%), males (90%) and aged 30 to 49 years old. The highest rates of mutations in reverse transcriptase of HIV-1 were: 214F (86%), 184V (76%), 215FY (56%), 211K (48%), 219QEN, 67N and 103N (42% each), 41L (32%), 70R (28%) and 210W (20%). In 46IL protease (38%), 90M (32%) and 82AFT (20%) were most prevalent among the major replacements and, among the secondary, 63P (74%), 93LM (52%), 10FIV (48%), and 35D (46%) predominated. Was attributed to selective pressures these mutations most commonly used antiretrovirals: 3TC, AZT, D4T, DDI, EFV, IDV, NFV, RTV and SQV. The use of multiple antiretroviral regimens, boosted the prevalence of these mutations, with an impact within the classes in which there was 32% complete resistance to one class, 22% two classes and 4% to three classes of antiretrovirals. We conclude that patients exposed to HAART only prior to genotyping compared to those exposed to more than one HAART had a lower prevalence of resistance to antiretrovirals, with the possibility of rescue therapy with antiretrovirals assets available at the time that was the minority however.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with different gastrointestinal diseases from northern brazil
(Instituto Brasileiro de Estudos e Pesquisas de Gastroenterologia e Outras Especialidades, 2015-12) VINAGRE, Igor Dias Ferreira; QUEIROZ, André Lima de; SILVA JÚNIOR, Mário Ribeiro da; VINAGRE, Ruth Maria Dias Ferreira; MARTINS, Luisa Caricio
Background - The mechanisms whereby Helicobacter pylori produces different pathological manifestations in the stomach and duodenum are not fully understood. Considering the geographic diversity in the prevalence of virulence factors of this microorganism and their association with the development of different diseases, the search for pathogenicity markers such as CagA and VacA alleles by molecular techniques has intensified. Objectives - To investigate the presence of H. pylori infection and the frequency of different genotypes of this bacterium in patients with gastrointestinal diseases from Northern Brazil, and to establish their association with the histopathological findings. Methods - In a prospective study, samples were collected from 554 patients with different gastrointestinal diseases (gastritis, duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, and gastric cancer) seen at a referral hospital attending the entire State of Pará, located in the metropolitan region of Belém. Data such as gender and age obtained with an epidemiological questionnaire were analyzed. The presence of H. pylori and the bacterial genotype were investigated by PCR. Gastric biopsies were assessed histologically. Results - The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 91%. Infection was more frequent among patients with gastric ulcer and gastric cancer. In these groups, there was a predominance of men and older patients when compared to the other two groups studied. The predominant bacterial genotype was s1m1cagA+, which was more frequent among patients with gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer. A significant association was observed between s1m1cagA+ strains and a higher degree of inflammation, neutrophil activity and development of intestinal metaplasia. Conclusion - The present study demonstrates a high incidence of H. pylori infection in the patients analyzed, especially among those with gastric ulcer and gastric cancer. Virulent s1m- 1cagA+ strains predominated and were associated with more severe lesions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
High genetic diversity and connectivity in Colossoma macropomum in the Amazon basin revealed by microsatellite markers
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03) GOMES, Paola Fabiana Fazzi; GUERREIRO, Sávio Lucas de Matos; PALHETA, Glauber David Almeida; MELO, Nuno Filipe Alves Correa de; SANTOS, Sidney Emanuel Batista dos; HAMOY, Igor Guerreiro
Colossoma macropomum is the second largest scaled fish of the Amazon. It is economically important for commercial fisheries and for aquaculture, but few studies have examined the diversity and genetic structure of natural populations of this species. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of genetic variability and connectivity that exist between three natural populations of C. macropomum from the Amazon basin. In total, 247 samples were collected from the municipalities of Tefé, Manaus, and Santarém. The populations were genotyped using a panel of 12 multiplex microsatellite markers. The genetic diversity found in these populations was high and similar to other populations described in the literature. These populations showed a pattern of high gene flow associated with the lack of a genetic structure pattern, indicating that the number of migrants per generation and recent migration rates are high. The values of the FST, RST, and exact test of differentiation were not significant for pairwise comparisons between populations. The Bayesian population clustering analysis indicated a single population. Thus, the data provide evidence for high genetic diversity and high gene flow among C. macropomum populations in the investigated region of the Amazon basin. This information is important for programs aiming at the conservation of natural populations.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Morphologic characterization of spiked pepper's germplasm
(2011-06) GAIA, José Maria Demetrio; MOTA, Milton Guilherme da Costa; CONCEIÇÃO, Carmen Célia Costa da; MAIA, José Guilherme Soares
Spiked pepper is a plant species with properties that allow the development of natural agrochemicals and medicines, showing large potential of use by humanity. With aim to ascertain the phenotypical variability, 41 parentals were analyzed, sampled in the States of Pará and Amazonas. Principal Component analysis and Jolliffe's criterion were utilized for discarding of variables, subsidized by the Pearson's Correlation. It took seven components to explain 80% of the variation. The essential oil yield and number of leaves per branch were suggested to be discarded because they are the characteristics that have contributed least to the total variance. The 3D scatter diagram constituted a relatively homogeneous and continuous clustering, identifing a divergent pair: PA-020 (Marabá-PA) and PA-035 (Santa Isabel-PA). The analyzed traits have variability potentially able to discriminate the parentals, whereas 83.3% of such traits can be used for this purpose. The divergent genotypes identified on 3D scatter diagram analysis can be used in breeding programs for the development of superior genotypes. A comparison with preexisting molecular data of some genotypes permited to conclude that there was one certain agreement degree between morphological and molecular characterizations and that molecular characterization presented higher discriminatory power, using a smaller number of genotypes, identifying dissimilar genotypes and clusters, although analyzed by different multivariate statistic methods.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Pesquisa e genotipagem do vírus da hepatite C em portadores de doenças renais crônicas submetidos à hemodiálise
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-12-20) FREITAS, Maria de Jesus Rodrigues; MARTINS, Luisa Caricio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1799493244439769
Patients with chronic kidney disease are at high risk of acquiring hepatitis C virus (HCV). The prevalence of hepatitis C in hemodialysis units is high. The study aimed to assess the presence of HCV and its different genotypes in patients with chronic kidney disease who underwent hemodialysis in Belém and metropolitan area in the state of Pará, Brazil, determining the prevalence of the virus genotypes and epidemiological characteristics of patients with chronic kidney disease. We conducted cross-sectional study, hemodialysis units in seven cities of Belém and metropolitan area in the period from October 2011 to April 2012. A questionnaire was applied to social data, epidemiological and on the presence of risk factors for viral hepatitis. Biological material was collected from the patients for HCV PCR and ELISA tests. Patients with the presence of viral RNA were evaluated for genotypes. The prevalence of antibodies to HCV between the groups was 8.4%, while 5.4% had viral RNA, with 0.1% among those who were negative. Genotype 1 was the most prevalent, with 86.1%, followed by type 2, with 11.6%. The type 3 was only 2.3%. Whereas epidemiological analysis showed male predominance, age 49, married or in a stable, low education level and family income of up to two minimum wages. The main cause of CKD was diabetes mellitus (34.4%), followed by glomerulonephritis (18.6%) and hypertension (17.1%). The duration of hemodialysis was significantly important risk factor for acquiring HCV (p = 0.012), with the majority of HCV patients who acquired the disease during hemodialysis were above 5 years of treatment (p = 0.0001). Another risk factor associated with HCV was prior organ transplant. We conclude that, in Belém and the metropolitan area, the prevalence of HCV in hemodialysis was high and the most frequent genotype is the same as the general population in northern Brazil.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Prevalência da Hepatite B oculta nos pacientes atendidos no Núcleo de Medicina Tropical da Universidade Federal do Pará, Amazônia Brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-15) SANT'ANNA, Carla de Castro; MARTINS, Luisa Caricio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1799493244439769
Infection with hepatitis B occult (OBI) is characterized by absence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in commercial immunoassays, despite the persintência HBV DNA in the serum and / or liver tissue. The few studies of this clinical form in Brazil, mainly in the Amazon region, seen as an endemic area for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hamper the analysis to identify the epidemiological profile of the site. The objective of study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B occult in patients attended at the Tropical Medicine Center outpatient - Federal University of Pará, from January 2011 to December 2015, characterization of circulating viral genotypes and identify the main risk factors for the acquisition of this clinical form. Four hundred and sixty-five serum samples were submitted to ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) for detection of serological markers of HBV (HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBs). Total 181 patients resulted in a non-reactive HBsAg, anti-HBc reactive and anti-HBs nonreactive. These were screened with a PCR assay for identification of HBV-DNA. Subsequently, the positive samples were sequenced to identify the genotypes and mutations. Of the 181 samples, 26 (14,36%) had serum HBV-DNA, demonstrating the infection by OBI. The average age of 39 years, 53.45% (14/26) were married and 50% (13/26) were male. The genotype A was found in 88.46% (23/26), with the most prevalent subgenotype A1 with 78.26% (18/23) and genotype A2 with 21.73% (5/23). The genotype F was found in only 11.53% (3/26), in the presence of F2 genotype in all samples. As for risk factors only the nail pliers share was statistically significant. Some amino acid substitutions were identified in samples of patients with HBO compared with the HBsAg samples reagentes, but no mutation was identified. The study found a high prevalence of hepatitis B occult in patients treated at the Tropical Medicine Center – UFPA. HBV molecular studies are of fundamental importance for the identification of patients who are considered healthy, but they do have the infection and can be a transmitter disease potential.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Prevalência de genótipos e de mutantes pré-core A-1896 do vírus da hepatite B e suas implicações na hepatite crônica, em uma população da Amazônia oriental
(2004) CONDE, Simone Regina Souza da Silva; MÓIA, Lizomar de Jesus Maués Pereira; BARBOSA, Maria Silvia de Brito; AMARAL, Ivanete do Socorro Abraçado; MIRANDA, Esther Castello Branco Mello; SOARES, Manoel do Carmo Pereira; BRITO, Elizabete Maria de Figueiredo; SOUZA, Olglaíze do Socorro Costa; ARAÚJO, Marialva Tereza Ferreira de; DEMACHKI, Samia; REBELLO, João Renato Pinho; MESQUITA, Michele Gomes Soares; BERTOLLINI, Denis Alberto; ISHAK, Ricardo
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection presents itself with a variety of clinical manifestations. The present work aims to describe the prevalence of HBV genotypes and the occurrence of precore mutation A-1896 in a population group of the Eastern Amazon region of Brazil and to correlate them with the clinical presentation of chronic HBV infection. 51 HBsAg carriers (HBV-DNA positive) were selected and divided into three groups: A (14 asymptomatic subjects), B (20 HBeAg positive symptomatic patients) and C (17 HBeAg negative symptomatic patients). Using an automa ed DNA sequencer ABI model 377 by sequencing for determined of genotypes and precore mutation. The results showed that the genotype A was the most commonly found (81,1%, 89,5% and 93,7% in groups A, B and C, respectively) and precore mutation A-1896 was described in 11,5% (3/26) of group A subjects. Genotype A of HBV was the most prevalent (89,1%) and low occurrence of precore mutation A-1896, both not associate with the worst outcome of the chronic infection of HBV.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Vírus da Hepatite C: prevalência dos genótipos, fatores de risco, alterações bioquímicas e histopatológicas de pacientes atendidos no Núcleo de Medicina Tropical
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) FECURY, Amanda Alves; MARTINS, Luisa Caricio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1799493244439769
The hepatitis caused by HCV is a silent disease that tends to develop into the chronic form. The viral persistence depends on genetic factors of the individual and the virus (genotypes), lifestyle and exposure to risk factors increase the chances of the carrier to develop hepatocellular carcinoma. This study objective to check the liver function of patients with hepatitis C and evaluate the risk factors for acquiring the virus and determine the most prevalent HCV genotypes and the genotypes correlate with histopathologic findings of liver biopsies.. The sample consisted of 152 adult patients with reagent serology (ELISA) for anti-HCV, who agreed to participate, collected blood samples for analysis and answered an epidemiological questionnaire. Epidemiological analysis showed most male, age 45 years and a predominance of married or stable individuals. Regarding risk factors for acquiring the infection, there was a multiplicity of partners, not condom use, hospitalizations, and manicure kits share. In the detection of viral RNA, 107 (70,4%) were positive, with 97 (90,6%) genotype 1 and 10 (9,4%) genotype 3. There was no variation in the biochemical assays, the genotypes and histophatological changes. Of the 65 patients who underwent liver biopsy and histopathological examination, all patients had chronic hepatitis. Analyzing the histopatological changes and viral genotypes found association of these variables, with the genotype 1 related histological changes more intense. The results are in agreement with other previously reported.