Navegando por Assunto "Geotechnics"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de alternativas para projetos de descaracterização de uma barragem de rejeito de mineração utilizando análise comparativa multicritério
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-10-10) OLIVEIRA, Pedro Lucas Louzada de; SILVA, Adriano Frutuoso da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3321059172343690; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1710-8862
The decharacterization of tailings has become an extremely relevant and urgent topic in the contemporary global scenario. Given the recent disasters and environmental tragedies resulting from the collapse of mining dams in Brazil in 2015 and 2019, the need to implement efficient and safe processes for the deactivation and recovery of these structures has become imperative. The complexity inherent to this type of enterprise demands a careful and comprehensive approach in evaluating the available options. The simple selection of an alternative based on a single criterion, such as financial cost or deadline, for example, can result in adverse consequences and negative impacts from both a technical, economic, environmental and social point of view. Given the above, this dissertation aims to explore the importance of analyzing alternatives considering multiple criteria in the process of choosing the best solution for the mining dam decharacterization project. Through a literature review and presentation of a case study of the decharacterization of a Manganese dam using the assessment of technical, environmental, economic and socioeconomic requirements as a decisive element in choosing the solution to be detailed. The methodology consists of analyzing the proposed alternative scenarios, including the definition and weighting of the multiple variables to be evaluated. The result obtained demonstrates that the adoption of multiple criteria, which encompass not only economic aspects, but also environmental, social, technical and safety aspects, was fundamental to guarantee a well-informed and sustainable decision. It was evidenced that the analysis of multiple criteria was also able to favor the decision-making process in mining dam decharacterization solutions, facilitating traceability and understanding between the stakeholders involved in projects of this nature.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desafios para implantação dos protocolos estabelecidos no Padrão Global da Indústria para a Gestão de Rejeitos (GISTM), estudo de caso: estruturas de disposição de rejeitos no sudeste do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-04-25) SOUSA, Rodolfo Pereira; SILVA, Adriano Frutuoso da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3321059172343690; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1710-8862
The creation of the Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management (GISTM) is a milestone for the world's largest mining companies, created with the aim of guaranteeing zero harm to communities and the environment This research aims to present the challenges of implementing the GISTM (Global Industry Standard on Tailings Management) for tailings disposal structures, located in the southeast of the state of Pará, being a dam, raised downstream, and a pit, which is an old mining area where the mineral reserve was exhausted in 2021. In order to assess the levels of compliance with the Global Standard, the technical collection of the tailings dam and pit was used to enable the application of the Compliance Protocols proposed by GISTM. The work presents the level of maturity in 3 stages, in the years 2023, 2024 and 2025. Although GISTM proposes requirements for an integrated analysis of tailings management, due to the different nature of the tailings disposal facilities, the facilities were evaluated in isolation. Based on the research, the dam was found to be more compliant with the items required by GISTM, with a more robust technical document framework than the pit. It is concluded that this result is correlated with the fact that the dam complies with Brazil's National Dam Safety Policy (PNSB), while the pit, as a tailings disposal structure, has no regulations for this use. In addition, it should be noted that although the pit is considered an unconventional disposal structure, the implementation of GISTM is required, subject to some adaptations in the understanding of what is proposed by the GISTM.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mapeamento das fundações mais usadas na cidade de Belém-PA: aspectos gerais e proposta preliminar de mapeamento de soluções utilizadas em casos recentes
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-03-21) SALAME, Antonio Massoud; ALENCAR JÚNIOR, Júlio Augusto de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3663658632717465
Accomplishes the survey of the most commonly types of foundations used in the construction work, in the last decades in the city of Belém-PA; defining its characteristics, peculiarities, technical aspects of the its measurement, load capacity and, executive process. Identifies the type of the soil in which are laid with respective profile and geotechnical characteristics and divides the city into areas, mapping according to its geological profile; type of foundation; layer depth; executive process and, relative cost. The work is divided in four stages: the first one corresponds the literature review, regarding the study of the foundations, including the foundation historical development and soil mechanics in the world, in Brazil and in Belém; geotechnical research with characteristics of the soil in the area of Belém and, study of the Geographical Information Systems GIS. The second stage involving technical survey in construction and design companies, for development of database concerning the foundations used in the city. The third, to relates the ordination and technical analyses of the collected data and, the fourth consists on the writing of the final text and the elaboration of the city maps, based on the Geographical Information Systems GIS, in scale 1:10.000, concerning the type of foundation; the geotechnical profile of the soil; the soils kind and the executive process; the probable foundation depth and, the relative cost of the foundation in relation to the total of the work.