Navegando por Assunto "HIV"

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Análise conformacional da enzima protease do HIV-1 relacionada à resistência ao inibidor Nelfinavir
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017) HOLANDA, Luiz Henrique Campos; SILVA, Jerônimo Lameira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7711489635465954; SOUSA, Maisa Silva de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1775363180781218
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), is a retrovirus that has highly virulent glycoproteins that invade the CD4 + T lymphocyte through its CCR4 and CXCR5 receptors. The biological cycle of HIV is mediated by the protease, transcriptase and integrase enzymes. HIV-1 protease is an enzyme that is present in the final phase of the biological cycle, where virus maturation occurs, and is an important pharmacological target. The main objective of this project is to verify the effects of the D30N, I84A and M46I mutations on the HIV-1 protease enzyme and the complex formation with the nelfinavir inhibitor through molecular dynamics and bioinformatics techniques. The results based on the structural analyzes showed structural differences between the studied systems. The 1OHR system presented a closed conformation, the systems D30N and D30N_I84A_M46I presented semi-open conformation and the D30N_I84A system presented open conformation, in which the latter presented lower free energy value and greater instability in the RMSD analyzes, however the greater flotation of residues Of amino acids. The theoretical analyzes showed the importance in the resistance of the double mutation D30N_I84A and the conformational restructuring capacity of the M46I mutation and catalytic capacity.
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Análise espacial da epidemia de HIV entre homens jovens no Brasil: um estudo ecológico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08-21) MARTINS, Cleyton Abreu; BOTELHO, Eliã Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6276864906384922; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9682-6530
Introduction: Globally, it is estimated that for every seven new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, two occur among young people. Spatial analysis studies are essential tools in the fight against HIV. Objective: To spatially analyze the Brazilian historical scenario of the HIV epidemic among young men, from 2007 to 2021. Methods: An ecological study that used secondary databases from the Notifiable Diseases Information System. All cases of HIV and immunologically acquired disease syndrome (AIDS) among men between 15 and 29 years of age and with fixed residence in Brazil were considered. The 5,570 Brazilian municipalities were considered as the unit of analysis and the HIV/AIDS incidence rate standardized by age group as a variable. The following spatial analysis techniques were used: 1) Spatial Distribution, 2) Spatial Autocorrelation and 3) Spatial Scan. Results: 108,392 cases of HIV were reported in Brazil among young men during the study period. The Southeast Region had the highest incidence rates, followed by the Northeast, South, North and Midwest regions. The HIV epidemic showed territorial expansion in all Brazilian regions, with the exception of the southern region, which contracted. Although there has been a decrease in the number of hotspots in all regions, in the North and Northeast regions there has been an expansion in the size of hotspots. There was no expansion of coldspots in the regions. The space-time risk zones were comprised between 2015 and 2021 and all were formed by state capitals and surrounding municipalities. Conclusion: The different behaviors of the HIV epidemic in Brazilian regions may be associated with different regional sociopolitical scenarios. The consolidation, expansion and emergence of new hotspots point to locations where the fight against HIV among young people should be strengthened. The space-time risk analysis shows that the highest HIV detection rates occur in municipalities with higher demographic densities, and the long time period suggests fragility in policies to combat the virus. For the elimination of HIV, greater integration of municipalities, states and the federal government is necessary in the search for greater social equity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise espacial da epidemia do HIV entre mulheres brasileiras
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-05-25) BEZERRA, Ana Luisa Lemos; BOTELHO, Eliã Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6276864906384922; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9682-6530
INTRODUCTION: The detection rate of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) among women has been decreasing in recent years. However, an epidemiological diagnosis at the national level is necessary to detail this behavior of the epidemic in this population, since the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remains the main cause of mortality among women aged 15 to 49 years. OBJECTIVE: To spatially analyze the historical scenario of the HIV epidemic in Brazil, among women from 15 years of age, from 2007 to 2020. METHODOLOGICAL DESIGN: Ecological study that used secondary databases of the Information System of Notifiable Diseases considering as unit of analysis the 5,570 Brazilian municipalities. All cases of HIV and AIDS among women living in Brazil were considered. The following spatial analysis techniques were used: 1) Spatial Distribution, 2) Spatial Autocorrelation and 3) Spatio-temporal risk analysis. RESULTS: There was a territorial decrease in the HIV epidemic throughout Brazil, but less decrease in the North, Northeast and Midwest regions. There was a decrease in the number of hotspost clusters (neighboring municipalities with a high incidence rate) throughout Brazil. However, some consolidated with expansion or contraction. Bahia, Paraná and Piauí were the only Brazilian states with coldspot clusters (neighboring municipalities with a low incidence rate), with Piauí standing out with the greatest expansion of this grouping. The South and Southeast regions presented spatio-temporal risks earlier than the other regions and all risk zones had in their compositions state capitals and most of them included adjacent municipalities. CONCLUSION: Although cluster hotspots have decreased in number, others have consolidated and new hotspots have also emerged. This study provides subsidies for the implementation of more effective and focused public policies to combat HIV among Brazilian women. There is a need to include municipal and state authorities in the planning of policies against HIV, always respecting the regional characteristics and each Brazilian municipality.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A construção do cenário epidemiológico do HIV e AIDS na Colômbia: uma análise espaço-temporal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-02-06) RESTREPO, Jhon Fredy Montana; COUTO, Danielle Costa Carrara; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4583227212550116; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3810-1686; BOTELHO, Eliã Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6276864906384922; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9682-6530; COUTO, Danielle Costa Carrara; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4583227212550116; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4583227212550116
The HIV and AIDS epidemic is a global health problem and has its own identity for each country, region and state. Spatial analysis techniques are useful as they allow situational diagnosis by correlating this with socio-political territorial factors that may contribute to the epidemic. However, during the literature review, no study of this nature was observed in Colombian territory. Objective: The present study analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution of the HIV and AIDS epidemic in Colombia from 2008 to 2016. Methodology: This is an ecological study using techniques of spatial analysis and time series, in which Secondary data collected from the National Health Institute and the National Statistics Department of Colombia were analyzed. The incidence rates of HIV and AIDS and AIDS Mortality were calculated and a descriptive analysis was performed using the Microsoft® Office Excel® 2013 program and the Minitab 18® program. For temporal analysis, the regression model of the Joinpoint® 4.7.0.0 program was used. In spatial analysis, global Moran spatial autocorrection was used, followed by local spatial autocorrelation indicators, bivariate Moran analyzes and Kernel density. Spatial analyzes were performed using ArcGis 10.3.1 and TerraView 4.2.2. Results: Men were most affected by the epidemic during the study period. The incidence rate of HIV and AIDS tended to increase, while the mortality rate showed stability. The age group with the highest incidence growth was 15 to 44 in men and over 65 in women. The mortality rate increased in the age group of 65 years or more, for both sexes. The expansion of the epidemic occurred in the extreme North and from the central region towards the northeast of Colombia, with the municipalities belonging to the “coffee axis” and the Caribbean region being the areas of greatest epidemiological pressure. Tourist municipalities, crossed by the main highways, with high human development index and demographic density had the highest incidences. Between 2014 and 2016 there was an increase in incidence in municipalities in the border area with Venezuela. Conclusion: The incidence of HIV and AIDS is higher in the most developed regions of Colombia and is beginning to expand in municipalities bordering Venezuela. Highways play a major role in the spread of HIV in Colombian territory. Implementation of health policies in these places is necessary to reduce HIV and AIDS.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento e validação de conteúdo de aplicativo móvel para o controle do HIV/AIDS
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-07-19) GAIA, Melyane de Assunção; SILVA, Richardson Augusto Rosendo da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2184669241700299; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6290-9365; RAMOS, Aline Maria Pereira Cruz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5659071119788962; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8812-2923
HIV/AIDS is a global health prblem and the northern region of Brazil has stood out with the increase in new cases and high morbidity and mortality throughout the country. Since the decentralization of HIV diagnosis to primary health care (PHC), has gained autonomy in its workflow, which requires a significant technological arsenal for the planning, organization, and operationalization of services. Although an Information and Communication (ICT) usability application is a powerful tool for engagement and health promotion, there is still no application aimed at the mobile nurse's HIV/AIDS workflow. This, the present study as a research question “What is the validity of the content of the content for an application that can mediate the assistance of nurses to people living with HIV?”. OBJECTIVE: To develop the content of a valid mobile media application for health promotion, prevention of HIV infection. METHOD: this is a methodological study for the elaboration and validation of content for a mobile application
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os determinantes sociais, a infecção pelo HIV e a AIDS em uma capital na Amazônia brasileira: análise espacial e temporal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-05-21) DIAS, Bruna Rafaela Leite; BOTELHO, Eliã Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6276864906384922; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9682-6530; POLARO, Sandra Helena Isse; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7875594038005793
Almost 40 years after its discovery, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) continues to be a challenge for public health worldwide. In Brazil, the states of the Northern region have the greatest impact of the HIV epidemic, with a continuous increase in detection rates. This study aimed to perform the spatial and temporal analysis of the incidence of HIV infection and AIDS, and its relationship with social determinants. Ecological study employing secondary data of cases reported to the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), in the period 2007- 2018, of individuals living in the city of Belém/PA. Temporal analysis was performed using Box and Jenkins methodology. For the spatial analysis, incidence was analyzed using autocorrelation and spatial regression techniques, Kernel density to study the expansion of the HIV epidemic in the city, and sweep statistics to identify clusters of risk. During the study period, 6,007 new cases of HIV/AIDS were reported to SINAN. Time series analysis revealed stability of incidence from 2007 until October 2016, followed by an upward trend. Starting in January 2017, incidence rates showed irregular fluctuations until the end of December 2018. Seasonal behavior was observed for the forecast from 2019 to 2022. High incidence clusters were located in the central and transitional areas of Bethlehem. The epidemic progressed from 2007-2010 to 2015-2018. The spatial high-risk zone for HIV was observed in the transition zone (RR = 3.65; 95% CI = 2.47 - 5.34; p = 0.00016), while the spatiotemporal high-risk zone was observed in the central, transition and expansion zones (RR = 4.24; 95% CI = 3.92 - 4.52; p = 0.000). Incidence rates were directly correlated to Family Health Strategy (FHS) coverage (adjusted R² = 0.38). The upward trend observed in the incidence rates of HIV infection and AIDS in Belém may be correlated with the efforts of public policies to combat the virus. However, the irregular behavior in incidence rates from 2017 and the seasonal behavior revealed in the forecasts suggest a loosening in public health policies. This study provides subsidies for the development of public health strategies to combat HIV.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
EDUCAHIV: avaliação da usabilidade de aplicativo móvel para a prevenção e controle do HIV/AIDS
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-11-09) BARROS, Kely da Silva; RAMOS, Aline Maria Pereira Cruz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5659071119788962; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8812-2923
Introduction: Aiming to achieve the 95-95-95 target recommended by the United Nations to end AIDS by 2030, the use of mobile health applications, also called mHealth (mobile health), has become a very useful technological equipment in the combating the HIV virus epidemic, as it is a universal and easily accessible tool. It was found that applications based on Ministry of Health Protocols are available in a fragmented manner and that there is no one that brings together all the necessary information and is aimed at nurses, making their daily clinical practice, which tends to meet diverse demands, difficult. Objective: To evaluate the usability of the “EducaHIV. Methodological Course: This is a methodological research, with usability evaluation carried out with nurses who work in Primary Health Care in the Administrative District of Guamá, municipality of Belém. The instrument used to evaluate the usability of the application was the SURE questionnaire ( Smartphone Usability questionnaiRE) which uses a 4-point Likert-type response scale and which also has its own result scale to evaluate usability, in addition, the Content Validity Index-CVI, the CVI of individual items, was calculated and the S-CVI/AVE which is the average of the I-CVI. Results: 17 nurses participated in the research who used the application for an average of 20 minutes using smartphones or tablets and, after using it, answered the printed SURE questionnaire with an average duration of 10 minutes. Data collection took place in a unique approach in October 2023. Data analysis showed that 94% of nurses obtained a usability level of 80 on the SURE scale, ensuring that the application was useful and also obtained a CVI of 0.92 and the S-CVI/AVE of 0.91. Regarding the considerations reported in the questionnaire, the most frequent was the need for the application to zoom to improve the visualization of the content and the insertion of information about drug interactions of antiretrovirals and other medications. Conclusion: Given the satisfactory results, it is concluded that the EducaHIV application has a high level of usability and a good agreement rate, which reflects on the quality of the application and user satisfaction.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Epidemia do HIV e os determinantes sociais em saúde entre jovens no contexto amazônico: análise geograficamente ponderada e projeções temporais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-07-11) PEDROSO, Andrey Oeiras; NOGUEIRA, Laura Maria Vidal; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9020674768816530; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0065-4509; BOTELHO, Eliã Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6276864906384922; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9682-6530
Introduction: In Brazil, the HIV/AIDS detection rate (/100,000 inhab.) showed a decrease in the general population of 17.2%, from 2009 (21.5) to 2019 (17.8). However, this rate increased substantially among the young population, which had the highest detection rate in the country, 52.0 (/100,000 inhab.) (BRASIL, 2020a). This advance on the young population is due to obstructions, discrimination, inequalities, stigmas and social and health inequities, intrinsic vulnerabilities of this population stratum that enhance their chances of becoming infected with HIV. However, the risk of HIV infection cannot be conditioned only to the individual, since behaviors are directly influenced by socioeconomic territorial factors that exceed the individual. Despite all the advancement of HIV among young people, there is a scarcity of studies aimed at analyzing the impact of Social Determinants of Health (SDH) on the epidemic in this age group. Objective: To analyze temporally and spatially the HIV epidemic among young people in the State of Pará. Methods: An ecological study that analyzed HIV/AIDS cases diagnosed between 2007 and 2018 in Pará, Brazil. An exploratory analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. The temporal projections (2019-2022) used mixed method, ARIMA + STL in the RStudio software. For the spatial analysis, we used statistical scanning techniques to obtain the Relative Risk (RR), with a confidence interval of 95%; Moran's autocorrelation statistic considering statistically significant (p < 0.05) for building the LISAMap in ArcGIS software. In SPSS software, we developed models from Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and later by Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), with spatial analysis of residuals, with the help of MGWR and ArcGIS software. Results: Of the 8,143 cases analyzed, 47.97% were young people between 25 and 29 years old, men (66.46%), mixed race (76.95%), living in urban areas (85.20%) and heterosexuals (54 .41%). An expansion of HIV among young people in Pará was identified, with a temporal projection of increase for young people aged 20-24 years. Spatial variability of DSS: 'Basic Education Development Index'; doctors per 10,000 inhabitants and municipal high school abandonment (MHSA) rate were associated with the risk of HIV infection among young people. The relative risk showed spatial variability. Conclusions: The SDH associated with HIV risk among young people in Pará, show social particularities of HIV in the study region and should be considered in the formulation of policies to reach the global goal of eliminating AIDS by 2030 among young people.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fatores da vulnerabilidade associados à sífilis e HIV em uma comunidade ribeirinha amazônica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-08-26) PINHO, Ellen Christiane Corrêa; SILVA, Richardson Augusto Rosendo da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2184669241700299; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6290-9365; CINHA, Carlos Leonardo Figueiredo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9603271880856443; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1891-4201
Background: There is an intensification of cases by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis in some population segments, mainly in the northern region of Brazil. The state of Pará has the second highest AIDS mortality rate in the country, and a growing increase in the incidence of notifiable sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In this epidemiological sphere, the riverside population of the Amazon is included, which are miscegenations of indigenous peoples, Africans, and others, who suffer from low socioeconomic indicators, geographic barriers and access to health. Objective: To analyze vulnerability factors associated with the occurrence and knowledge of STIs (syphilis and HIV) in a riverside population in the Brazilian Amazon. Method: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in Ilha do Combu – Belém/PA. The sample calculation was performed using the Statcalc module – Sample size and power of the EPI INFO Version 7.2.2.16 program. For the sample, people aged 18 years or older and residents of the island were considered. Data collection took place through the application of two instruments: Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire (STD-KQ) used to measure the level of knowledge of riverside people; and to survey the population and the dimensions of vulnerability, the adapted instrument applied in the nationwide household survey of the “Research of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices in the Brazilian Population” (PCAP) was used. The investigation for infections was carried out by means of a rapid test for HIV and syphilis, and peripheral blood collection for rapid plasma reaginine in cases of rapid test reagents for syphilis. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and a logistic regression model were used. In univariate binary regression were selected for multiple regression. The variables with the highest p-value were removed one at a time until the final fit of the multiple ordinal logistic regression model. All statistical analyzes were performed using Minitab 20® software. A significance level of 5%, confidence interval (CI) of 95% and Odds Ratio (OR) were adopted. Results: The total consisted of 325 riverside dwellers with a prevalence of syphilis of 6.15% (20) and of HIV of 0.61% (2), being a coinfection. 190 were female and 135 were male. 68.9% (220) had a mean age of 40 years and 56.6% (184) had never attended school or had elementary school. The variables related to individual vulnerability that were associated with the outcome/chance of infection for STIs in the final regression were almost four times higher in participants aged 48 years or older (p=0.022), having had a blood transfusion (p=0.023 ), people who had more than one sexual partner in the last 6 months (p=0.028) and did not know the female condom (p=0.031); and having a current sexual partner (p=0.041) had a low risk of 0.33 for the outcome. For social vulnerability, no variable was associated. And in the programmatic dimension, not having taken a rapid test for HIV presented a low risk of 0.26 (p=0.021). Regarding the level of knowledge in the riverside population, 65.5% (213) participants had low knowledge (0 to 14 correct answers/28 questions). On the other hand, in the association between the factors of level of knowledge about STIs, the three dimensions of vulnerability were present. Among them, participants aged 48 years or older had a risk 1.93 times higher (p=0.012) for low level of knowledge about STIs, not knowing their partner's serology had a risk of 1.92 times (p=0.011 ); almost 4 times greater chance (p=0.000) was obtained among riverside dwellers with low schooling; never having been tested for STIs in life had a chance of 2.51 (p=0.000), and not having access to condoms in the last year the risk was 1.95 times (p=0.006) of low knowledge. Conclusion: The riverside population was vulnerable to syphilis and HIV in the individual and programmatic dimensions. Regarding the level of knowledge about STIs, this population suffers from a deficit, and is vulnerable in all dimensions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Kaposi’s sarcoma in persons living with HIV/AIDS: a case series in a tertiary referral hospital
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-08) PIRES, Carla Andréa Avelar; NORONHA, Marcos Antônio Neves; MONTEIRO, Julius Caesar Mendes Soares; COSTA, Albert Luiz Costa da; ABREU JUNIOR, José Maria de Castro
Background: Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is a rare neoplasm with indolent progression. Since 1981, the Kaposi’s sarcoma epidemic has increased as co-infection with HIV. Objectives: The study aimed to identify the clinical and demographic characteristics and therapeutic approaches in HIV/AIDS patients in a regional referral hospital. Methods: We analyzed the medical records of 51 patients with histopathological diagnosis of Kaposi’s sarcoma hospitalized at Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto (HUJBB) from 2004 to 2015. Results: The study sample consisted of individuals 15 to 44 years of age (80.4%), male (80.4%), single (86.3%), and residing in Greater Metropolitan Belém, Pará State, Brazil. The primary skin lesions identified at diagnosis were violaceous macules (45%) and violaceous papules (25%). Visceral involvement was seen in 62.7%, mainly affecting the stomach (75%). The most frequent treatment regimen was 2 NRTI + NNRTI, and 60.8% were referred to chemotherapy. Study limitations: We assumed that more patients had been admitted to hospital without histopathological confirmation or with pathology reports from other services, so that the current study probably underestimated the number of KS cases. Conclusion: Although the cutaneous manifestations in most of these patients were non-exuberant skin lesions like macules and papules, many already showed visceral involvement. Meticulous screening of these patients is thus mandatory, even if the skin lesions are subtle and localized.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Nas causas de um sintoma social o bibliotecário atua: a mediação e uso da informação como fonte de interposição sobre o vírus HIV
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08) OLIVEIRA, Alessandra Nunes de; CASTRO, Jetur Lima de
It is of importance that the professional librarian has as a mediator of information vis-à-vis the reality of social cases, with regard to concepts about the HIVAIDS. And their seriousness in-group, to bring assistance through the information, as foundations against the superstitions and misconceptions regarding HIV/AIDS. The theme is relevant to all areas therefore presents the discussions about prejudices and myths in the early 80. Above all have their goals based on addressing the social formation of own information professionals, especially the contribution of the librarian on social action for the context and the spread of the HIV virus. The methodology was a bibliographical revision about the exploratory, Almeida Júnior (1997) and Marques (2002), among others. In summary, the research used two sources of information such as the bases MEDLINE, and VHL in that sought articles published in the Decade of 80, among others found articles about the drugs that inhibit HIV among them called Zidovudine (AZT). The results show a lack of information, in which prejudice still linger in the social context. Because information workers at this point rebound the librarian, which is essential in this context, where it contributes to health professionals, to take the uncertainties, assisting on the information convalidadas to the virus carriers themselves and society.
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Perfil epidemiológico de mulheres vivendo com o hiv/aids a partir da perimenopausa no estado do Pará: um estudo através dos instrumentos de monitoramento da epidemia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-09-20) SANTOS, Eliane Regine Fonseca; LIBONATI, Rosana Maria Feio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3818175484709618
The great progress in controlling HIV infection through combined antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has transformed AIDS from a fatal into a chronic disease. Women living with HIV/AIDS will experience the climacteric and its events more often, what justifies the necessity to know the female population in order to design an action plan for this phase. This transversal, descriptive study was based on an exploratory documentary analysis of HIV/AIDS registries among women in the 40-64 age group, from 2014 to 2017, in the state of Pará. The Brazilian Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (SINAN), Mortality Surveillance System (SIM), Logistic and Supply Management System of Drugs (SICLOM), Medical Laboratory Examination Management System (SISCEL), and Hospital Surveillance System of the National Health System (SIHSUS) provided data studied herein. This research aimed at describing the epidemiological profile of women living with HIV/AIDS in the state of Pará to identify the rate of hospital stays for AIDS and its related diseases, the AIDS mortality rates in the state, the number of women in virological failure, and their whereabouts. A total sum of 1.237 cases were reported in the period, with the highest amount in 2017 (37.1%), mainly in the 40-44 age group (30.3%), brown (82.1%), low schooling (41.2%), and urban dwellers (85.2%). The highest hospital mortality rate was in the metropolitan region I (73.9%). The viral load was detectable in 383 women, being the 40-44 age group the one with the highest detectability rate. UREDIPE and CASA DIA are the services where most women were observed in virological failure. It is concluded that brown female urban dwellers, with low schooling, in the 40-44 age group were the ones with the highest number of notification at SINAN. The metropolitan region I had the highest mortality rate.
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Perfil metabólico e nutricional de pacientes HIV positivos com lipodistrofia submetidos à terapia anti-retroviral: orientação nutricional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-04-24) DUTRA, Cláudia Daniele Tavares; LIBONATI, Rosana Maria Feio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3818175484709618
Adverse effects of the lipodystrophyca syndrome is common in patients submitted to the use of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). This study evaluates the effectiveness of nutritional guidance on the metabolic changes in patients with lipodystrophy secondary to TARV, in the city of Belém - PA, in the period October 2006 to December 2007. We evaluated 29 patients, aged from 20 to 60 years, of both sexes, HIV positive, with lipodystrophyca syndrome, use of HAART and analyzed the metabolic and nutritional alterations before and after the intervention clinical-nutrition. The results were analyzed through programmes BioEstat 4.0 with p<0.05 and Virtual Nutri 1.0. We analyzed total cholesterol and fractions (LDL and HDL), triglycerides, insulin resistance, anthropometric measurements, measure of bone density, assessment of hepatic steatosis and cardiovascular risk. There was greater prevalence of patients retirees, male, aged 41 to 50 years and income from zero to three minimum wages. There were no significant differences between the sexes as to alcoholism and smoking, while 72% of patients not practiced physical activity. The association between lipoatrophy and lipohypertrophy and time of use of HAART, was significant, regardless of sex. There is total cholesterol and high triglycerides, low HDL and LDL normal. The analysis of the metabolism of carbohydrates, 48% of patients had changes glicêmicas and 34% resistance to insulin. It was observed that 52% of patients had hepatic steatosis and 79% change in bone mineral density, with greater prevalence for men. The syndrome presented lipoatrófica global measures smaller than the syndrome and mixed lipohipertrófica. After intervention clinical and nutritional changes significant decrease in levels of triglycerides and glucose and increase of HDL. As for cardiovascular changes, 31% of patients reduced the absolute risk of heart attack and death in 10 years, with reduction of total cholesterol and HDL. The nutritional intervention had a significant decrease in food intake of calories, proteins and lipids. Nutrition treatment minimized the metabolic changes of HAART, providing a better prognosis and quality of life of these patients.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Prevalência e aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos de mulheres HIV positivas infectadas pelo Papilomavírus humano (HPV) genital na Amazônia Brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014) CHAGAS, Elcimara da Paixão Ferreira; FUZII, Hellen Thais; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0026958665547973
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has been shown to potentiate the oncogenic mechanisms of Genital Infection by the human papillomavirus (HPV) , it is believed that the state of immunocompetence of the host may play a role in the evolution of cervical lesions . HPV infects a large proportion of women worldwide , with an STD (sexually transmitted disease) more common in the world with approximately 291 million carriers of this virus women. This keeps information related to the annual incidence of nearly 500,000 cases of cervical cancer . According to the National Cancer Institute (INCA) , this is the second most frequent cancer in a Brazilian population and more common in Pará The objective is to detect the prevalence and clinical and epidemiological aspects of the HIV -infected women postivas HPV. It is cross - analytical study . The samples are from patients treated at the Counseling and Testing Center (ATC) of the municipality of Tucuruí from March 2011 to July 2013 for detection and enumeration of CD4 and CD8 T cells was performed the technique of nested- PCR , and qPCR , and the slides were stained by the Papanicolaou method. The prevalence of HPV was 68 % . Most were married / common-law marriage (63.5 %) , illiterate / incomplete primary (50 % ). Regarding gynecological history, 94.59 % used condoms in all relationships , the median age of first sexual intercourse was 13 years , and only 24.3 % had their first intercourse at age 14 or less . Among the respondents, 82.4 % had 2 or more sexual partners during their lifetime , with a median of 6 partners . HIV infection is considered a risk factor for development of cervical cancer and during the survey data showed that the CD4 + count is inversely proportional to the emergence of this disease were correlated . Eighty percent of the samples that were positive for HPV DNA were detectable after 9 subtypes (6, 11, 16 , 18, 31 , 33, 35 , 52, 58) studied, and 88% positive DNA HPV of the samples were subtyped with one or more subtypes high risk for cervical cancer . The population estimate of HIV positive women for the presence of HPV and its subtypes were of great importance to aid in the early diagnosis and treatment , provide subsidies to regionalized programs for the prevention and management of these infections.
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Sexualidade e ideal de feminilidade: contribuições para o debate
(Círculo Brasileiro de Psicanálise, 2018-06) MOREIRA, Ana Cleide Guedes; VIEIRA, Milla Maria de Carvalho Dias; CECCARELLI, Paulo Roberto
In this article we investigate the relationship between the ideal of femininity, female sexuality and women infection by HIV. Sociocultural ideals are responsible for defining what it is to be feminine and masculine in our culture, conceivingnormality patterns that constitute subjectivity. In the eighteenth century a new femininity modelhas emerged, still in force, whose main author was Jean Jacques Rousseau. In this ideal, women should be passive to men’s desires and needs, would be destined to a single social place - the home - and motherhood, not being able to perform other social functions. In this paper we analyze the problem of HIV infection in women,using the testimony of one of the documentary “Positives” participants. It is necessary to demonstrate the hypothesis that women identified to the mentioned ideal of femininity can not negotiate with their partner the use of the condom in sexual relations, since while submissive to the other person’s desire, they do not place themselves as subjects of their own’s.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Usando a dinâmica molecular para avaliar o impacto que as mutações na protease do HIV-1 produzem na interação da proteína com o antirretroviral darunavir
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-03-29) CUNHA, Karoline Leite; BARROS, Carlos Augusto Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8902921733540173
The emergence of drug-resistant strains used in antiretroviral therapy grows alarmingly on a global scale. Antiretrovirals used in the treatment of first and second line HIV are the ones that most have case reports of resistant strains. Protease inhibitors are a class of antiretroviral drugs that play a key role in AIDS treatment regimens. In addition to the emergence of resistance to IPs used in the usual treatment regimens, Darunavir, a protease inhibitor used in therapeutic rescue treatment, is already reported in patients who already have failed initial treatment and proven resistance. The aim of this work is to evaluate, identify and quantify HIV-1 3UCB protease mutations, as well as to evaluate, through molecular dynamics simulations, the impact that mutations produce on the interaction of 3UCB and its darunavir ligand when compared to the native HIV-1 protease 4LL3 complexed to the same linker.The results obtained in this study showed that the 3UCB multi-resistant HIV-1 protease had a slightly more stable binding profile than the native HIV-1 protease complex 4LL3, with binding free energy results -68.77 and -64.62 kcal / mol, respectively.