Navegando por Assunto "Indicadores biológicos"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Drosophilidae (Insecta, Diptera) como indicador de degradação florestal na área de endemismo Belém, Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-31) FERREIRA, Annícia Barata Silva Maciel; MARTINS, Marlúcia Bonifácio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8882047165338427
Forest degradation results is a major threat to the biodiversity of the Amazon. One of the consequence of degradation is to facilitate colonization by exotic species. This study tested exotic species of frugivorous Drosophilidae as indicators of forest degradation in eight forest remnants in the Belém Endemic Center in northern Brazil. The percentages of primary forest within 10 km and within 100 m of the collection site, as well as eight vegetation structural variables (tree density, basal tree area, understorey density, canopy cover, vine density and intensity, average diameter of trees (dbh>10 cm), and Cecropia spp. density) were analyzed to define a gradient of forest degradation. A total of 5278 fruit flies of 33 species were collected in traps baited with fermented bananas, of which 2803 were exotics, mostly D. malerkotliana. Vegetation structure was more important than landscape structure on the fruit fly guild. More disturbed areas, as shown by vegetation analysis, had a greater number of exotic species, while less disturbed areas had mostly neotropical species. Nine indicator species of degraded, partially degraded, and undisturbed forests were selected based on their Individual Indicator Values (IndVal). These are: Drosophila melanogaster, Zaprionus indianus and Scaptodrosophila latifasciaeformes for degraded sites; D. subsaltans and D. camargoi for well conserved sites; and D. fumipennis, and morpho-species AC10001 for partially degraded sites. Both the list of observed species and the number of fruit fly species can indicate the degree of forest degradation. The guild of frugivorous Drosophilidae can be an important tool in forest conservation and in understanding the effect of anthropogenic interventions on forest environments. An addition advantage to use the contrast between exotic and native species is the taxonomic identification, exotic fruit flies are readily recognizable and distinct from native species. Moreover, these organisms are sensitive to slight environmental alterations and should permit the detection of changes in the initial stages of invasion by exotic species, thus giving an early warning of impacts to the forest biota.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito da monocultura da palmeira de dendê (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) sobre a fauna de primatas na Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-25) MINEIRO, Ivo Gabriel Barros; OLIVEIRA, Ana Cristina Mendes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1199691414821581