Navegando por Assunto "Mortalidade"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise espacial da mortalidade por Aids entre jovens no Pará e os impactos dos determinantes sociais de saúde
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-07-15) SOUSA, Sara Melissa Lago; BOTELHO, Eliã Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6276864906384922; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9682-6530; POLARO, Sandra Helena Isse; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7875594038005793; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5026-5080
Introduction: Worldwide, AIDS control policies have led to a small decrease in the mortality rate among young people, which is only 6% among young males. For a better effectiveness of these policies, it is necessary to take into account the influence of social determinants of health (SDH) on the mortality rate in each territory. Objective: To spatially analyze the AIDS mortality rate among young people in the state of Pará and the spatial variability of the rate promoted by the DSS from 2007 to 2018. Method: Ecological study using secondary data from the Mortality Information System (SIM). All notifications of AIDS deaths in young people residing in the state of Pará between 2007 and 2018 were included in the study. The mortality rate was analyzed using spatial distribution and autocorrelation, spatial scanning, and geographically weighted regression (GWR). Results: During the study period, 1,372 AIDS deaths were reported among young people from Pará. The AIDS mortality rate showed territorial expansion. Spatial autocorrelation showed two high-high clusters in the period from 2007 to 2010, one formed by municipalities in the southeast of Pará and the other in the metropolitan region of Belém (RMB), with only the cluster of RMB remaining between 2011 and 2018. The RMB presented the highest spatial risk for AIDS mortality and the only one with the spatio-temporal risk in the period 2013-2018. The spatial variability of the AIDS mortality rate was promoted by the "homicide rate among young people", "elementary school dropout rate" and "by the number of families registered in CADÚNICO". Conclusion: This study covers the Amazonian particularities that involve AIDS mortality among young people from Pará, allowing the spatial identification of the involvement of rate variability promoted by the DSS.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Câncer de mama: aspectos epidemiológicos sobre a mortalidade e os efeitos da fisioterapia na sintomatologia e amplitude de movimento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-04-07) COSTA, Thalita da Luz; MELO NETO, João Simão de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1547661999153615; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4681-8532
INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer, and the most common cause of death from cancer, in women worldwide. Despite the advancement of treatment, there are still many associated complications. OBJECTIVE: to analyze the influence of social, demographic factors, screening procedures and population coverage of primary care on breast cancer mortality in Brazil, and to verify the effect of physical therapy on clinical symptoms and range of motion in women undergoing mastectomy with axillary lymphadenectomy, after chemotherapy and radiotherapy. METHOD: Available and open access secondary data from the SUS Information and Informatics Department, SIDRA (IBGE Automatic Recovery System) and eGestor AB (Primary Care Information and Management) were analyzed. The medical records of 25 women (mean age 55 ± 14 years) after surgical treatment of mastectomy with axillary lymphadenectomy for the diagnosis of breast cancer were also analyzed. The signs and symptoms evaluated were pain, tenderness, phantom breast syndrome, heavy and swollen arm, lymphedema and axillary web syndrome. The range of motion of flexion, abduction, internal rotation and external rotation of the glenohumeral joint was also assessed. RESULTS: It was observed that the mortality rate is higher in brown women; in the Southeast and South regions; and it grows with increasing age. The North region has lower mortality and lower survival. The mortality rate did not decrease with the increase in the coverage of primary health care coverage and the number of biopsy procedures. However, the rate decreased with the increased execution of cytopathological analysis. In addition, physical therapy contributed to the reduction of pain resulting from the clinical-surgical treatment of breast cancer, and promoted an increase in the range of motion of the glenohumeral joint. CONCLUSION: The coverage of health services and the number of screening procedures are not correlated with the breast cancer mortality rate and physical therapy contributes to the improvement of pain and range of motion.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Confiabilidade e validade das declarações de óbitos por câncer de útero no município de Belém, Pará, Brasil
(2004-10) CARVALHO, Jacira Nunes; KOIFMAN, Rosalina Jorge; MATTOS, Inês Echenique; MONTEIRO, Gina Torres Rego
Belém, Pará State, Brazil, presents high mortality rates for uterine cervical cancer, thus justifying an analysis of the reliability and validity of data on this underlying cause of death. Death certificates for Belém residents who died in 1998-1999 from neoplasms of the uterine cervix, uterine body, or unspecified uterine site, or with mention of such a neoplasm on any line in the death certificate, were selected, amounting to 188 death certificates (DCs). All DCs were submitted to new coding, and reliability analysis was performed by simple agreement and Cohen's kappa. The underlying cause of death, established after review of medical records and/or histopathological findings, was considered the gold standard for analysis of criteria validity, based on the positive predictive value. We observed a simple agreement of 94.0% and kappa of 0.87, suggesting high reliability of the official system's coding of uterine cancer as the underlying cause of death. In the validity analysis, 120 of the 127 deaths originally considered as caused by cancer of the uterine cervix and 3 of the 4 coded as cancer of the uterine body were confirmed. An 11.2% increase in uterine cervical tumors and a reduction of 62.5% in unspecified uterine tumors were observed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica populacional do camarão cascudo Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) da Ilha de Combú – Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-04-28) SILVA, Márcia Cristina Nylander; ROSA FILHO, José Souto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3223362071251898; FRÉDOU, Flávia Lucena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4779271407117528
Shrimps of genus Macrobrachium, family Palaemonidae, are largely utilized for aquaculture and also are explored by commercial fisheries. Amongst the species of this genus, M. amazonicum is largely consumed, shows valued meat and is largely distributed. Considering the social-economic importance of this resource in the State of Pará, this study has the objective of describing the population dynamics and assesses the stock of barky shrimp M. amazonicum in island of the Combú (Pará). Data was collect from March 2002 to February 2003 (except august) where approximately 500 grams of shrimp were monthly obtained. In laboratory, individuals were measured (total length and length of carapace) and weighted (total weight). For determining the fecundity, after removed the eggs mass, were transferred to a water solution were they were counted under a microscopy. For the determination of the population parameters, it was utilized the Program FISAT (Fish Stock Assessment Tools). Females showed smaller maximum length when compared to males, although their average mensal lengths through all year were superior to those of males. It was registered a significant positive sexual proportion to females in July, September, January and February and for the length classes 2.5-2.9 cm and 6.5 to 9.4 cm. The fecundity showed a positive linear relation with the total length and the number of eggs varied from 40 to 3375 eggs/female. It was registered 3 cohorts for the species which were born in December-January/02, September-October/02 and April-May/03. Considering the different methodologies, growth parameters were similar between them and K for males was superior when compared to females and varied from 0.7 to 1.35 cm/month. For females K varied from 0.66 to 0.91 cm/month. L∞ (for most methodologies) was also superior for males (12.37 to 17.66 cm) when compared to females (12.66 to 14.14 cm). Estimated values of total mortality Z for the capture curve had been bigger in the higher for males (values from 3.15 to 6.13) than for females (values from 3.86 to 6.89) the same occurred for method of Beverton and Holt, males (values between 5.43 to 9.31). The length at first capture (Lc) was superior for females (5.88 cm) than for males (4.25 cm). The EMSY (explotation rate for the maximum sustainable yield) for males and females is below the E (exploitation rate) indicating that M. amazonicum of island of the Combú is over-exploited.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Doenças tropicais e infecciosas como causa de morte atestada e classificada: um estudo de concordância, no estado do Pará, no período de 1996 a 2001
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003) NEVES, Dilma Costa de Oliveira; BRITO, Arival Cardoso de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0563291980190339
The lack of precision in the assertion of the basic cause of death is a particularly important source of mistakes in the analysis of mortality according to causes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the concordance between the cause of death attested by the doctor and the cause classified with the use of international rules of basic cause of death and its influence in the profile of mortality caused by tropical, infectious and parasitic diseases, in the State of Pará, from 1996 to 2001. The study was of the descriptive, exploratory type, and had as data base the death certificates from the regional system of mortality information. The selection of data was made with the use of the softwares Excel 7.0 and EPI-INFO 6.04, while the mortality coefficient (MC) by cause, the observed concordance (OC) and the Kappa were used for analysis. The found results show a similarity between the attested and the classified causes (septicemias, diarrheas and gastroenteritis of presumably infectious origin, AIOS, tuberculosis and malaria), with significant divergences in the values of MC by cause the in years studied (1996, p=0.0426; 1997, p=0.0223; 1998, p=0.001; 1999, p=0.0023; 2000, p=0.009 and 2001, p=0.0023). The values found for the OC and the Kappa reflect the restrictions imposed by the incorrect fill of the death certificates and the necessity to implement the tabulations of multiple causes of death in the municipal districts.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fatores de risco associados ao agravamento de sepse em pacientes em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-12) BARROS, Lea Lima dos Santos; MAIA, Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz; MONTEIRO, Marta Chagas
Introduction: sepsis is a serious public health problem, leading cause of death in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) worldwide. Objective: this study evaluated the aggravation and mortality of sepsis patients in ICU, relating to risk factors, different etiologies and therapies. Methodology: the study was observational descriptive, and evaluated the cases of sepsis (sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock) from January 2009 to December 2010. Results: of the 212 patients hospitalized in ICU, 181 presented sepsis at different severities, whose sepsis mortality in the ICU was 63%, especially in patients with septic shock (53%), followed by severe sepsis (8.3%). Moreover, the risk factors associated with the aggravation of sepsis were older than 65 years, longer ICU hospitalization time, high frequency of comorbidities and the use of invasive procedures. The highest consumption of antibiotics was carbapenems, and the main isolated multiresistant strains were MRSA, VRE, P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii resistant to carbapenems. Conclusion: this study showed a high mortality from sepsis patients in the ICU, especially in patients with septic shock with comorbidities, who underwent invasive procedures and longer hospitalization time.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mediastinite por perfuração e ruptura do esôfago torácico
(Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões, 2006-12) TAVARES, Marco Antônio Franco; AZEVEDO, Ives Uchôa de; MODESTO, Alessandre Santana; JANAHÚ, Ajalce de Jesus Leão; NORMANDO JÚNIOR, Geraldo Roger; FELIZ, Allan Hebert
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the mortality by mediastinitis and sepsis originated from ruptures and perfurations of the thoracic esophagus, according to length of diagnosis. METHODS: A retrospective study of 14 years (1992 to 2006) was carried out including patients with thoracic esophageal ruptures and perforations, stratified according to sex, age, mechanism of injury, evolution and treatment (< 24 hours and > 24 hours). RESULTS: Sample was composed of 44 patients, 10 females > (22,73%) and 34 males (77,27%). Age range was from 2 months to 77 years, mean 33,2 years. 19 cases (43,18%) were penetrating external trauma: stab in five cases and gunshot in 14. Endoscopic instrumentation was detected in nine cases (20,45%). Patients in whom esophagorraphy was carried out(early diagnosis, less than 24 hours) the mortality was occurred in three cases (20%). Patients in whom esophagectomy was carried out (later diagnosis, more than 24 hours), mortality occurred in eight cases (36,36%), without statistical significance (p >0,05). Considering conservative treatment, mortality was 71,4% (five out of seven cases) and the difference was statistically significant when compared with patients treated by surgery. CONCLUSION: Conservative treatment of mediastinitis from esophageal ruptures and Perforations showed a high mortality rate when compared to surgical treatment. Among surgical patients, the difference was not significant, reaffirming the indication of esophagectomy in advanced infection (more than 24 hours) and esophogorraphy in early cases.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Mortalidade por câncer colorretal no Brasil e medidas inerciais baseadas em smartphones durante o teste do degrau de Chester como preditor de tempo de internação no pós-operatório de câncer abdominopélvico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-03-24) NASCIMENTO, Ananda Quaresma; MELO NETO, João Simão de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1547661999153615; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4681-8532
INTRODUCTION: Cancers involving the abdominal and pelvic regions are among the main causes of mortality in Brazil, among which the colorectal type (CRC) is the third leading cause of death in the world. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the social and demographic factors that predict higher mortality from colorectal cancer and worse survival rates, as well as to verify whether screening, diagnosis and treatment procedures have an impact on mortality reduction. In addition, to evaluate whether the Chester Step Test (CST), through work, estimated VO2max and analysis of movement through the gyroscope, is a predictor of postoperative hospital stay of cancer patients undergoing abdominopelvic surgeries. METHOD: Secondary and open access data from the Department of Information and Informatics of the SUS and the IBGE Automatic Recovery System were analyzed. 51 cancer patients were also evaluated in the preoperative period of abdominopelvic surgery through CST associated with a smartphone gyroscope. RESULTS: In Brazil, CRC mortality increased after 45 years of age. The highest adjusted mortality rates were found among whites and in the South of the country. A higher risk of death was observed among single, married and widowed people in the North and Northeast than those legally separated in the South. Lower survival rates were observed among brown individuals, those legally separated and residents of the North region. High mortality in the North was associated with an increase in rates of first-line chemotherapy and a decrease in second-line chemotherapy, and in the South, with second-line chemotherapy and abdominoperineal resection of the rectum. For patients in the preoperative period of abdominopelvic surgery, the length of stay 30 days after the operation was longer when those who underwent CST level 1 had less mobility and greater energy expenditure. In addition, the work rate increased with the progression of the test from level 3 onwards. High VO2max is a predictor of length of stay for those who completed levels 3 and 4 of the test. CONCLUSION: Regional differences in sociodemographic and clinical factors can serve as guidelines for adjusting public health policies. In addition, the use of the gyroscope was more accurate in detecting lower mobility and higher energy expenditure. VO2max was able to predict longer postoperative hospital stays and the work variable was less sensitive in assessing patients' physical capacity.