Navegando por Assunto "Natural resources management"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Gestão comunitária e individual dos recursos naturais nas várzeas do Baixo Tocantins: o caso do Projeto de Assentamento Agroextrativista (PAE) Ilha de Sumaúma em Igarapé Miri / PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-09-05) SACRAMENTO, José Maria Cardoso; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
This work is about rules related to the management of common resources by peasant communities in the Sumaúma Island, State of Pará, Brazil, before and after its land regularization through an Agroextractivist Settlement Project (Projeto de Assentamento Agroextrativista - PAE in Portuguese). It is known that the PAE aims to take into consideration the traditional communities’ historical claims, such as: an agrarian reform that guarantees not only the right to land to the peasants, but also respects their traditional way of life, and that has as principle combining the conservation of natural resources with the implementation of agro-extractive activities. This dissertation also analyses the history of natural resources management in the Lower Tocantins before and after the arrival of the Europeans, who colonized the region in the sixteenth century; the activities gradually established in this process; the influence of these activities on the forms of labor relations and the agricultural and extractive production of the current main products of the island. In addition, this dissertation describes the historical process in which social rules of coexistence among the inhabitants of the island are intertwined with rules for natural resources’ management. It was also analyzed the influence of the Catholic Church in the establishment of mechanisms to mediate the relationships among the peasants, including the rules and other institutional arrangements to manage natural resources collectively. In conclusion, despite the alleged concern of governmental agents in enhancing democracy and participation, respecting non-formal institutional arrangements developed by local people, the proposed plans for natural resource management for communities at PAE still has significant limitations: there are no provisions for when some rules are not accomplished and for the inclusion of new unplanned rules in the formal Plan for Natural Resources’ Use
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Redes sociais, capital social e governança ambiental no Território Portal da Amazônia
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2011) MERTENS, Frédéric Adelin Georges; TÁVORA, Renata Souza; FONSECA, Igor Ferraz da; GRANDO, Raquel Lopes Sinigaglia Caribé; CASTRO, Mauro André Costa de; DEMEDA, Katia Solange do Nascimento
The article presents an empirical study where social network analysis is used to map social capital among actors involved in environmental governance processes in the Brazilian Amazon. Using interviews, we carried out the mapping of the dialogue network regarding socio-environmental issues among 505 actors from the Amazonian Gateway Territory. The analysis identified 3384 dialogue relationships. Each actor has an average of 6,7 dialogue partners. The analysis of the structural characteristics of the dialogue network was used to build indicators of social capital of the bonding type, based on the mapping of the organization among actors from the same municipalities, and bridging type, based on the identification of relationships among actors from different municipalities. At the municipal level, the distribution of the two types of social capital allowed the characterization of groups of actors according to their differing participation in the environmental governance of the Territory. At the territorial level, the connectivity pattern among the 16 municipalities exhibits a balance between the two types of social capital and reveals the potential of communication and organization among actors, as demonstrated through the example of the local Agenda 21 projects. These results demonstrate how social network analysis can contribute to the definition (or re-definition) of the territories frontiers in order to include a set of municipalities whose cohesion is based on effective social relationships. We also propose governance actions for the Amazonian Gateway aiming at strengthening dialogue processes, reducing conflicts and promoting the sustainable use of natural resources in the Amazon.