Navegando por Assunto "Paralisia cerebral"

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Efeitos da comunicação alternativa na interação professor-aluno com paralisia cerebral não-falante
(2013-03) SILVA, Rafael Luiz Morais da; SILVA, Simone Souza da Costa; PONTES, Fernando Augusto Ramos; OLIVEIRA, Ana Irene Alves de; DELIBERATO, Débora
Speech has been regarded as a social communicative modality required for building relationships in different contexts and cultures. Nevertheless, this is not always a readily available resource, especially for those who have developmental disorders. In this sense, Augmentative and Alternative Communication resources and strategies have been used by nonspeaking students with disabilities as useful tools to achieve greater social participation in different environments. Therefore, the present study examined the interaction between teachers and a student with cerebral palsy before and after the use of Alternative Communication strategies in the classroom. The study had a quantitative and qualitative nature and was designed as an intervention study. There were four main stages: 1) filming before the introduction of the resources in the classroom, 2) training the school teachers 3) providing technical assistance regarding the use of alternative communication to the child's teacher 4) filming teacher-student interactions using these technological resources. The interactions were transcribed and grouped into links. In this research, a link means the initiator's behavior directed to the exchange partner and the response in sequence from the interlocutor back to the initiator. It was found that the established interactions presented a maximum of four links, with greater frequency for episodes of 1st and 2nd links. After the intervention, there were different contexts with the presence of interactions up to the 6th link, often greater frequency for episodes of 1st, 2nd and 3rd links. In addition, the teacher showed a tendency to use symbols only as a tool for evaluating and teaching concepts. This perception changed as the teacher became familiarized with the Augmentative and Alternative Communication technology resources.
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Estresse e resiliência em pais de crianças com paralisia cerebral
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-11-10) CUNHA, Katiane da Costa; SILVA, Simone Souza da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9044423720257634
This PhD thesis aimed to investigate the parental stress levels, their relationship to the degree of sons of motor impairment with cerebral palsy, a possible association between stress and resilience of parents of children with cerebral palsy and identify protective factors and risk in the words of parents little stressed. This research is organized in five studies, being constituted by theoretical sessions (Studies 1 and 2) and empirically (study 3, 4 and 5). The first theoretical study describes the importance of the family for the development of children with cerebral palsy according to bioecological theory of human development Bronfenbrenner. For this presents a discussion on family, typical and atypical development, families of children with disabilities and family implications arising from the birth of a child with cerebral palsy. The second theoretical study it is a systematic review consisting of 26 articles published between 2003 and 2015. The findings of this review showed the Parental Stress Index reduced version (PSI S / F) and the Classification System Function Gross Motor (GMFCS) as the main psychometric instruments used for the evaluation of parental stress and motor impairment in children with cerebral palsy, respectively. Moreover also it showed that the aspects relating to fathers and mothers and children with CP, among others, greatly influence the manifestation of stress in the studied parental population. With regard to studies of the empirical section, we emphasize that all were conducted with parents of children diagnosed with cerebral palsy (ICD- 10-G80) met in a federal reference public hospital in the state of Pará, and 92 participated in the first and according to studies that session (studies 3 and 4). The latest study (Study 5) was performed with 101 parents at first, followed by the final sample consisted of seven participants. Regarding the instruments used in these empirical studies, it is emphasized that in all were used Inventory demographic Partner (ISD), the GMFCS and PSI / SF, and Connor's Resilience Scale and Davidson (CD-RISC) only used in 4 study and focus group technique only in the study 5. Finally as regards the analysis of the data was performed using the statistical package SPSS version 20.0 with a significance level of p <0.005 for quantitative analysis and NVivo software to 10 qualitative analysis. The findings of empirical studies have shown that found approximate age range of children with cerebral palsy in both stressed parent groups and little stressed, but highlighted the presence of younger parents in the stressed parent group and prolonged union of parents when children with cerebral palsy was born in the little group of stressed parents (study 3). Moreover, it was observed in the study 4 that the following items ISD parents union time, age of child, age of parents, school adjustment, health problems, government benefit, child attends school and town you live interacted with RISC CD factors were: courage / determination, adaptability, social support and control, adversity, tolerance, self-efficacy, social support and trust and full resilience, explained the resilience in groups of stress obtained. Furthermore, this research showed that older fathers are more likely to have high resilience, the same occurring with parents of younger children. Finally, there was a higher frequency of protective accounts, mainly related to the person, and others on the context and time, which may explain the low level of stress found (study 5). Finally it is hoped that this research will encourage the development of public policies of assistance to families of children with chronic conditions, such as cerebral palsy, to ensure the creation and implementation of assistance programs aimed at detection and treatment when necessary, the symptoms of parental emotional stress.
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Estresse parental de cuidadores de crianças com paralisia cerebral no estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-12-01) LIMA, Mayara Barbosa Sindeaux; SILVA, Simone Souza da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9044423720257634
Children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) require care that can be lifelong and, for this reason, it is of scientific and social interest to investigate aspects related to their primary caregivers. Thus the aim of this doctoral thesis has been to investigate indicators of parental stress among caregivers of children with CP living in urban centres of the meso-Regions of the State of Pará, and to verify if these are associated with caregivers’ sociodemographic profile and their perceptions of social support. The study covered a total of 132 caregivers of children aged one to 12 years old, who used free philanthropic facilities in the cities of Belém, Castanhal, Marabá and Santarém. Caregivers were interviewed individually and responded to the following four data-collection instruments: the Sociodemographic Inventory, the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS), the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and the Parental Stress Index (PSI/SF). The data were analysed using descriptive statistics with particular emphasis being given to central tendency measures, and the Correspondence Analysis technique was also employed. The results showed that in all cities most caregivers were mothers living in a stable union, with low family income and little schooling. In addition, the data suggested that there existed physical barriers in the built environment in proximity to the caregivers’ homes. The mean values of the MOS-SSS score ranged from 72 and 79.3, indicating that the sample’s caregivers had a high level of perception of regarding the extent of social support. However, a significant proportion of caregivers (30%) said that they rarely or never benefited from the presence of someone able to help them relax. Regarding parental stress, almost half (46%) of the sample experienced high levels. The results of the correspondence analysis showed that caregiver profiles varied according to their levels of stress and the classification of the city in which they resided. Among the variables that were shown to be associated with parental stress in at least three different cities are: schooling, age and the income of the caregiver’s family, as well as the extent of material and emotional support. The knowledge acquired by the research reported on in this thesis concerning the interrelationships between parental stress, caregivers’ perception of social support, and the sociodemographic characteristics of the caregivers of children with CP in the State of Pará, contributes to a better understanding of the impacts of this clinical condition on caregivers who live in these specific urban context.
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Integrando tecnologias para leitura em crianças com paralisia cerebral na educação inclusiva
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-05-28) OLIVEIRA, Ana Irene Alves de; GAROTTI, Marilice Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2218504886013525; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
Cerebral palsy is a chronic disease characterized by a dysfunction predominantly sensorymotor disorders involving muscle tone, posture and voluntary movement, presenting a diversity of clinical characteristics that may be aggravated by limitations of knowledge and life experiences, being considered, often, the mentally disabled because they can not express themselves and not interact functionally in most cases, unable to articulate speech or hold a pencil to learn to write, compromising, often, the process of learning and literacy, together with a flawed methodology and inappropriate for the difficulties that these children are in the process of acquiring the prerequisites for reading and writing. Even with all its limitations are keen to interact with the world and provide indicative that the difficulties can be eliminated or minimized if learning technologies and support are nurtured. It is proposed to three studies a documentary and two experimental. The studies were developed in the Center for Development in Assistive Technology and Accessibility - NEDETA. The first, being a data collection to characterize children with cerebral palsy treated at NEDETA. The second and third integrating technology education based on the paradigm of stimulus equivalence, associated with the resources of Assistive Technology. Study 2 consisted of motor training with 03 steps: Step 1 - Drive with toys, Step 2 - Drive to your computer without selection; Step 3 - Drive with selection and Study 3, with 4 stages, Stage I involved the pretest , consisting of the application of the evaluation software Develops ® performed in study 1 and the reading tests of the taught words and words of widespread identity. Phase II involved two steps: Step 1. Teaching relations of identity and Step 2. Teaching arbitrary relations. Step 1 showed a sub step consisted of widespread identity test. Step 2 was a sub step consisted of testing equivalence. Phase III consisted of reading test recombination with six new words that were formed from the syllables of the words teaching. Finishing procedures were reapplied assessment Develops Software ®., All the stages and phases of the study 2 and 3 were developed using assistive technology, developing, and computer applications for teaching basic prerequisites for learning reading. The results provide evidence that the teaching procedure used promoted to one of four participants, the six generalized recombinational reading new words, the two other participants to read recombinational three new words and one of the participants failed to reach this stage by not have documented equivalence classes. The procedures used in this thesis suggest that the systematic manipulation of smaller units that the word may be a promising strategy for the development of reading, combining the paradigm of stimulus equivalence with phonological awareness exercises. TA and resources can contribute and promote inclusive education of students with PC, expanding their social interactions and minimizing academic difficulties.
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Um olhar bioecológico sobre os efeitos da comunicação alternativa na interação professor-aluno com paralisia cerebral
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) SILVA, Rafael Luiz Morais da; SILVA, Simone Souza da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9044423720257634
Studies on syntactic communication has revealed that both the verbal repertoire as non-verbal produce significant changes in social interaction, and therefore human development. The talks, for example, has been seen as socially communicative modality required for building relationships in different contexts and cultures. However, this mode is not always the most available resource especially for those who have changes in their development. Given this, it is common through facial expressions, eye movement and / or wink of the intentional movements as point, people with disabilities try to seek compensation for ways to express their desires, thoughts and frustrations. In this sense, resources and alternative communication strategies have been used as useful tools for the individual to achieve greater social participation in the various contexts in which it presents itself. However, in the school environment literature has highlighted that the barriers of communication between teacher and student with disabilities can do harm in the process of teaching and learning. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the teacher-student with cerebral palsy before and after the introduction of these tools. To this end, we carried out a qualitative study, the type of case study research with action. The main steps of this study were: no filming of the interactive features of alternative communication, training of teachers in school and filming of the episodes related to the alternative communication. The data were analyzed qualitatively, considering the four dimensions of human development bioecological model proposed by Bronfenbrenner (1998): Case, Person, Context and Time. Among the results of this research include: greater mutual engagement in the development of the episodes, with increase in the extent of communicative links, better perception of the teacher about the student's communication skills and tendency of educators to use these tools for teaching . From this, it was concluded that these resources boosted the interactions the teacher and the student with cerebral palsy, however its implementation in daily school life requires positive interdependence of various factors, among which the personal attributes generators and developmentally largest base of regular time using these tools.
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Padrões neuropatológicos nas substâncias branca e cinzenta revelados por tomografia computadorizada ou ressonância magnética e déficits neurológicos correspondentes em crianças e com encefalopatia crônica não progressiva da infância
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-01-17) TEIXEIRA, Madacilina de Melo; LEAL, Walace Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2085871005197072
The Chronic non-progressive encephalopathy of the childhood (CNEC) the sequel is more neurological motor impairment for the child, and remains today a perinatal hypoxic-ischemia a major cause of brain injury. It is popularly known as Cerebral Palsy, being defined by a sequel of aggression brain, mainly characterized by a persistent disorder, but not invariable tone, posture and movement, which appears in early childhood. The characterization of this syndrome is done considering the anatomical, etiological, semiological and not evolutionary. In this study we adopted the classification based on anatomical and clinical aspects, emphasizing the symptom engine as the main component of the clinical picture. Neuroimaging has fundamental importance for the diagnosis and prognosis of brain lesions, performing the important function to discard or confirm the presence of lesions in newborns and children with developmental disabilities. Cerebral tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), has played a huge role in the study of various tissues that make up the nervous system. Thus this study aimed to assess the neuropathological patterns in white and gray matter, obtained by CT or MRI Skull, in patients with a history of perinatal hypoxicischemic CNEC, correlating the data obtained by neuroimaging with motor patterns obtained by clinical-neurological examination. Current regulations were obeyed to study in humans imposed by Resolution 196/96, submitted to the Ethics Committee and Research of Brazil Platform under Nº 112168. The study population consisted of patients aged zero to seven years, of both sexes, in the Cerebral Palsy ambulatory of Projeto Caminhar of Hospital Universitário Bettina Ferro de Souza (HUBFS), diagnosed with CNEC. The study sample consisted of 15 children diagnosed with CNEC by neonatal hypoxia. For the radiological diagnosis were used in neuroimaging data from reports of CT and MRI of skull. The clinical and neurological evaluation used to assess the movement's model range Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS E & R), developed by Palisano, which grades the child on five levels in which the Level I represents normality and Level V the largest severity of limitation. Of the 15 children assessed for movement and the relationship of the level by motricity GMFCS E & R, 05 children had level V, 04 children level IV, 05 children level III and 01 child level II. As for brain imaging performed 46% TAC and 54% RM Skull. MRI of skull presented in this study as the image of choice because of the 8 children who were examined, 6 had abnormal. It was evident that the imaging study of choice for the child who has Chronic non-progressive encephalopathy of the childhood is the RM of Skull and may be adopted as the protocol for the diagnostic conclusion, avoiding exposing the child to a high load of RX as in TAC, and also avoiding unnecessary spending on public health.
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Parental Stress and Social Support of Caregivers of Children With Cerebral Palsy
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-08) LIMA, Mayara Barbosa Sindeaux; CARDOSO, Vagner dos Santos; SILVA, Simone Souza da Costa
Stress and social support are relevant variables for understanding the impact of disability on the care relationship. Thus, this study investigates the association between the parental stress index, social support indicators, and the sociodemographic variables of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy in a capital city of the Eastern Amazon. The following instruments were applied to 100 caregivers: the Sociodemographic Inventory, the Gross Motor Function Classification System, the Parenting Stress Index, and the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were used, in addition to techniques of multivariate analysis. It was found that most participants had high parental stress and a high perception of social support. Specific aspects of the perception of social support and sociodemographic indicators were associated with stress. This knowledge favors the design of more assertive interventions because it outlines the aspects of these variables that appear to have a more effective impact on parental stress.
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Percepção de conflito em uma família recasada constituída por um filho com paralisia cerebral
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-03) FREITAS, Hilda Rosa Moraes de; SILVA, Simone Souza da Costa; PONTES, Fernando Augusto Ramos
The increase in the number of separation/divorce has favored the emergence of new family structures. Thus, remarriage becomes a possibility for developing the family group which requires emotional, social and economic reorganization of the family, as well as greater flexibility to negotiate association, space, time and authority. The objective of this article was to describe the structure and dynamics of a stepfamily having a child with cerebral palsy, based on the members' representations of conflict situations. In this case study focused on a family, made up of three members: mother, son and stepfather. A semi-structured interview and the Family System Test (FAST) were applied. The FAST scores showed closeness in the mother-child dyad and distance in the stepfather-stepson dyad, with the hierarchy focused on the mother figure. As to the flexibility of boundaries, the couple's perception indicated rigid boundaries, both for the family and for parental systems, while the child's perception of the family system revealed diffused boundaries. Therefore, some factors highlighted in the literature and evident in this family such as differences in the couple's life cycle, short period of marriage, emotional baggage between mother and son, added to demands of child care, resources and biopsychological provisions, constituted a rigid standard with low flexibility, which made it difficult to include the stepfather in the group, resulting in less commitment to co-parenting in the care and education of the stepchild.
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Práticas de cuidado, redes de apoio e satisfação social de cuidadores primários de crianças com paralisia cerebral
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-08-31) AFONSO, Tatiana; PONTES, Fernando Augusto Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1225408485576678
The present study aimed to understand the care of the child with cerebral palsy from the perspective of the primary caregiver focusing on their practices, social satisfaction, learning, dedication and support received. To do so, it was subdivided as follows: a theoretical study in periodicals linked to the Psynet APA database using a protocol adapted from the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines for the systematic review of the literature with the descriptors child care and cerebral palsy and four empirical researches. Two quantitative studies carried out with 101 primary caregivers of children aged 0 to 12 years with diagnosis of cerebral palsy and two qualitative studies using the Teoria Fundamentada on interviews with 13 mothers of children with CP performed in their homes. Study 1, about reviewing, made possible the understanding of the scientific productions about care in cerebral palsy, indicating five main areas: the parents' perception of the rehabilitation process, experiences in daily care, support received, parental satisfaction and experiences by feeding. Based on the themes raised by the review, empirical research was delineated. In this sense, the second study sought to understand the care practices and supports received, the results indicated that caregivers showed higher frequencies regarding primary care and body contact. Emotional support was strongly correlated with the information received and the positive social interaction experienced by the primary caregiver. In addition to the supports, the levels of caregiver satisfaction, which was the objective of the third study, were investigated, and the results indicated good general social satisfaction mainly among caregivers of children evaluated as being more compromised. Such evidence was unexpected, but extremely positive when it was reflected on the psychology of primary caregivers, with emphasis on the family satisfaction dimension, which was significantly more present, especially among caregivers of children with greater impairment. The other articles related to studies 4 and 5 were qualitative, inspired by the Teoria Fundamentada on interviews with 13 mothers of children with CP performed in their homes and the analyzes about the data emerged from the speeches themselves. The analysis of maternal care in the CP highlighted three main elements: dedication as a central aspect in care; the practices performed in solitary way, associated with the fears of diagnosis, convulsions and the future; and finally, the support related to the lack of orientation and professional care. The last work, fifth study, with the same methodology applied to the fourth study, emphasized the learning about the perception of being a special mother and the construction of intense and never imagined learning.
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Tecnologias no ensino de crianças com paralisia cerebral
(2014-03) OLIVEIRA, Ana Irene Alves de; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; GAROTTI, Marilice Fernandes
Cerebral palsy is a chronic condition characterized by a predominantly sensory-motor dysfunction involving disturbance in muscle tone, posture and voluntary movement. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of computerized procedures for teaching conditional relationships with pictures and words printed on generalized recombinational reading with four children. All steps were developed using assistive technology (AT), with the Desenvolve ® software for teaching basic prerequisites. Then, training and reading tests with technology derived from the paradigm of stimulus equivalence were carried out. The results provided evidence that the teaching procedure used promoted generalized recombinational reading of new words. The procedures used suggest that the systematic manipulation of the smaller units than words may be a promising strategy for developing reading recombination, combining the paradigm of equivalence with exercises and AT resources in order to contribute and promote inclusive education of students with CP, expanding their social interactions and downplaying their academic difficulties.