Navegando por Assunto "Pareamento consistente"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Discriminações condicionais após treino de pareamento consistente de estímulos complexos com atraso
(2006-08) ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; BAPTISTA, Marcelo Quintino Galvão; MENEZES, Aline Beckmann de Castro
The aim of this investigation was to assess the formation of conditional discriminations by means of a procedure involving complex stimulus training with delay. In phase I five university students received a pretraining TX trial followed by AE, BF and DC acquisition training involving matching-to-sample and simple comparison. In phase II a pretraining N–O/P, the training AB-E/F, and AD-C/F, with consistency training. These training trials were interspersed with EF/FE, CF/FC, and BD/DB transitivity and equivalence tests following complex matching-to-sample and simple comparison. In phase III AB-E/F and AD-CF trials occurred jointly with AB-E, AB-F and AD-C sequences, followed by transitivity and equivalence tests. All of the respondents formed conditional relations involving simple and complex matching-to-sample, albeit with variability across the trials. Variation was also present in the formation of emergent relations. These results suggest that, in spite of the variability, the procedures produced conditional discrimination leading to the formation of equivalent stimulus classes. In future research the identification of the most efficient forms of stimulus control is deemed necessary.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Discriminações condicionais sem conseqüências diferenciais em crianças: efeitos da história de treino precoce de simetria
(2001-06) ÁLVARES, Sandra Maria Miranda; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; ESTEVES, Isabel Paulino; SAMPAIO, Maria Elizângela Carvalho
This study evaluated the formation of stimuli classes through two different conditional relations (AB and AC). It used the consistency matching procedure, without immediate differential reinforcement and fading. After each training block, a symmetry or equivalence test was applied. The participants were four pre-school children and were exposed to a teaching procedure divided in two separated steps. At Step 1, usual stimuli were used. And at Step 2, non-usual stimuli were presented. For each sample, three comparison stimuli were appeared at the same time, one of those was consistently matched with a established sample. Both stimuli (correct comparison and sample) were faded during the training. Symmetry was observed in the performances of two participants on Step 1, but there were not emergent relations obtained in Step 2. Two participants transferred the obtained acting in a step to the other, as a type of arbitrary learning set. The results indicate that the sequence of training and tests and the nature of the stimuli at the first step were important variable for successful performance.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Emergência de classes seqüenciais após treino com pareamento consistente
(2003-04) RIBEIRO, Mylena Pinto Lima; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de
Order relations can be documented by behavioral tests that evaluate whether such relations posses the properties of asymmetry, transitivity and connectedness. We used matching to sample with prerequisites for the emergence of sequential class. In the present study, we assess whether sequential classes were also produced after a trial with consistent matching, without immediate differential consequences. Five undergraduate students of both sexes were submitted to the training of conditional relations AB, AC and AD. The participants task were to choose abstract geometric figure from digits. After teaching the conditional relations, the participants were exposed to tests of ordering the stimuli in three sequences with five different stimuli, tests for ordering pairs of the stimuli that occupied adjacent and not adjacent positions in the sequence of five stimuli, and tests of multiple substitutions of stimuli, without additional training. Three participants reached the learning criterion in the training of the conditional relations and obtained high number of successes in the sequential tests. The consistency training without immediate differential consequences was effective to establish order relations among stimuli, without explicit training with normal adult participants. These results replicate data reported the literature on the establishment of sequential performance after matching to sample training.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Equivalência de estímulos após treino de pareamento consistente de estímulos com atraso do modelo
(2003-04) ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; BAPTISTA, Marcelo Quintino Galvão; KATO, Olivia Misae; CARDOSO, Danielle Grain
Previous studies have shown the formation of equivalence relations following training by stimulus consistency matching. Using common figures as stimuli, the aim of this experiment was to verify the effects of a similar procedure involving, however, delayed smaple stimulus presentation among eight university students of both sexes. A microcomputer with a touch-sensitive screen was utilized. Between training of conditional discriminations, AB and AC, symmetry (BA, CA) and equivalence tests (BC, CB) were inserted; the sample stimulus appeared in the center of the screen. Following response, the sample was withdrawn, and three comparison stimuli – one of them consistent – were shown simultaneously in the side windows, without differential consequences for correct or incorrect responses. Seven respondents reached criterion, five demonstrated having attained symmetry, and one, equivalence relations. These results replicated, in part, the outcomes of previous experiments.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Relações de equivalência após treino com pareamento consistente de estímulos sob controle contextual
(2000-08) ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; BAPTISTA, Marcelo Quintino Galvão; KATO, Olivia Misae; ALVES, Keila Regina Sales
Some studies, using stimulus matching consistent training, had produced conditional relations that have also yielded equivalence relations. The objective of this experiment was to ascertain whether the same type of discriminations would occur under contextual control. Four university students were submitted to sequential relationships. AB, AC, and AD, interspersed with corresponding tests for symmetry: BA, CA, and DA. Subsequently, AD was tested with the DA test for symmetry. Finally, the equivalence relations BC, CB, BD, DB, CD, and DC were evaluated without the contextual stimuli, whereas the relations DB and DC were tested with contextual stimuli. The participants reached the criterion for accuracy in all training sessions. Three participants presented symmetrical relations without contextual stimuli, while the DA relationship was obtained in the presence of contextual cues. These results replicate and extend previous studies showing that even without differential consequences, it was possible to obtain consistent performance under second-order conditional control.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Treino sem consequências diferenciais: importância conceitual, metodológica e algumas implicações educacionais
(2002-08) BAPTISTA, Marcelo Quintino Galvão; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de
In this article we review the principal findings from a series of studies about conditional discrimination training without differential consequences, which have been conducted in our laboratory with human participants who had no previous experience as research subjects. We seek to describe the procedures utilized and discuss the results obtained with reference to conceptual and methodological aspects which these studies share in common. In particular, we focus on reinforcement (in terms of its temporal schedule), and alternative sources of control (Sample-Sc and Sample-Si matching, as well as reexposure to the training trials). Finally, we draw a relationship between the procedural routine and the role of teachers in the classroom, and suggest some educational implications which may be involved in the programming and implementation of instructional strategies.