Navegando por Assunto "Perception"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adultos e adolescentes autores de agressão sexual: características biopsicossociais e suas percepções sobre infância, adolescência e violência
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-09-10) SILVEIRA, Víviam da Silva; REIS, Daniela Castro dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8805305887566391; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9505-4516; CALVACANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4743726124254735; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3154-0651
Sexual violence encompasses all societies, and manifests itself in different ways in their different contexts. This phenomenon is present throughout the life trajectory of many children and adolescents, whether as victims or perpetrators of sexual aggression. With the purpose of investigating this phenomenon, this dissertation presents a research with an empirical-descriptive design and quantitative-qualitative data analysis. The research sought to investigate the perceptions of adults (+ 18 years old) and adolescents (12 to 18 years old) perpetrators of sexual aggression against children and adolescents about childhood, adolescence and sexual violence, relating them to the biopsychosocial characteristics that define the two age groups involved in the research. Therefore, two studies with similar methodological characteristics were carried out, thematically interconnected, but with individuals from two different age groups. Study I sought to investigate the relationship between perceptions of adult perpetrators of sexual assault against children and adolescents about childhood, adolescence and sexual violence and the biopsychosocial characteristics of this age group (+ 18 years), which includes men sentenced for crimes of sexual violence in units prisons. Ten (N=10) interviews conducted and transcribed between 2015 and 2016 were selected for content analysis by the Descending Hierarchical Classification (CHD) with the support of the Iramuteq Software. The results showed that 90% of these adults were over 30 years old; as for education, 50% did not complete elementary school; 10% attended incomplete high school and 30% managed to complete high school, of these participants only 10% had access to incomplete higher education. All participants experienced situations of violence throughout their life trajectories, and regarding the degree of severity of the sexual assault committed, 40% of the authors assumed the practice with hands on; 40% did not assume such aggression, and 20% of these declared that they do not remember the act for which they are serving their sentence. The perception of these adults about childhood, adolescence and sexual violence appears directly linked to the experiences of these participants in the different stages of their development, in addition to not disassociating this form of aggression from the use of physical force. Study II aimed to investigate the relationship between the perceptions of adolescents who perpetrate sexual aggression against children and adolescents about childhood, adolescence and sexual violence and the biopsychosocial characteristics of this age group (12 to 18 years old), which brings together adolescents who respond in court for an analogous offense to the rape of a vulnerable person and who were in compliance with a socio-educational measure. Four (N=4) participants were reached for content analysis of the interviews transcribed through the CHD of Iramuteq. The results showed that the adolescents were over 15 years old. In terms of education, 2 (50%) had not completed elementary school, 1 (25%) had not completed high school, and 1 (25%) had not completed this information. As for the violence suffered, it was observed that all participants experienced situations of violence. With regard to the degree of severity of the act performed, none of the participants assumed their practice in hands on. The perception of these adolescents about childhood, adolescence and sexual violence appears as a reflection of the construction of these categories throughout the life trajectory of these individuals, highlighting sexual violence linked to the use of physical force. Therefore, through the two studies, the hypothesis that there is a greater number of similarities than differences in the reports of these individuals (adults and adolescents) about the perceptions of sexual violence was taken into account. It is possible to point out the relationship between the biopsychosocial characteristics of the two age groups of perpetrators of sexual aggression, and particular ways of dealing with the experiences present in their life trajectories. It is possible to affirm that adolescent and adult authors, despite being in different groups, were probably socialized in very similar cultural and belief systems, which can influence and direct the construction of perceptions that are close to each other. However, adult authors tend to refer to violence as separate chapters in their life trajectory, and in the opposite direction, adolescents tend to show a direct relationship between sexual violence and issues experienced during their previous stages of development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Percepção dos gestores de reservas extrativistas marinhas sobre os efeitos das mudanças climáticas no salgado paraense - Pará-Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-24) BECERRA RUIZ, Melgris José; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6257794694839685; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6045-0984; PIMENTEL, Márcia Aparecida da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3994635795557609; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9893-9777
Climate change is an issue that, since the last century has gained interest among scientists around the world, there are many information that have been turned to address this issue from different fronts, however, the perception of local communities is far away to be one of the most successful work topics. Brazil has a network of Extractive Reserves (RESEX), which is part of protected natural areas and where environmental managers participate who exercise control, monitoring, implementation of projects that serve as a basis for the conservation of RESEX, as well as a contact direct with local communities. Many mangrove ecosystems are concentrated in the RESEX of the Paraense coast. Around these ecosystems, traditional communities have settled that make use, enjoyment, and enjoyment of them, which have incorporated into their daily activities offered by the mangroves, which ranges from leisure, pleasure, and enjoyment to the generation of income to maintain the lifetime. In this sense, in this work the coastal region of the north of Pará was approached, the so-called Salgado Paraense with the aim of knowing the perception of local actors and the effects of climate change in this territory. To achieve this objective, the work was carried out in two phases. A first study was carried out to find out the amount of published bibliography on the perception of climate change around the world, in three main languages such as Spanish, English and Portuguese. For this bibliographic analysis, we applied natural language and machine learning to analyze more than 30,000 scientific articles. Some maps were produced on study trends, countries with major researchers interested in this topic, the methodologies used, and the approaches taken to understand the effects of climate change. Subsequently, in the second phase, surveys were applied to the environmental managers of the RESEX studied, to know their perception of climate change, interest in the adoption of adaptation strategies in the face of climate change and their perception of the role of the women in social dynamics within RESEX in the face of climate change threats. The findings suggest that studies on the perception of climate change in the coastal communities of northern Pará are necessary and have a lot of potential for their research, since the interested actors really have an affinity in adopting measures against the impacts of climate change, they show their concern about the effects on communities and mangroves, generating an alert and a call to incorporate local populations with more interest in the design and implementation of adequate and pertinent public policies. It is necessary that the actors of organized civil society, community, managers, and governments at different scales understand that the challenges are increasing to face climate change, this situation is worrying in various parts of the world, it is therefore, necessary to incorporate the vision of local communities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A psicologia da aprendizagem e a licenciatura em matemática: aproximações e distanciamentos nessa relação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06) LEDOUX, Maria Lidia Paula; SILVA, Francisco Hermes Santos da
This is study arose from concerns experienced in the discipline of Psychology Learning, taught classes in the Bachelor of Mathematics and aimed to investigate the conceptual perception of teachers in initial training in relation to the discipline, in order to identify the similarities and distances that exists between the discipline and course. the investigation was conducted with 21 students, selected the three classes we teach in the discipline. the e information was made via semi-structured questionnaire with questions. ! e answers given to the questions - conceptual perception of teachers in training on the Psychology of Learning. the relationship / identity of Teachers in training with the discipline of Psychology Learning. Distances and approaches between the Psychology of Learning in Mathematics and served as axes of analysis. the e analysis were based on the methodology of Textual Discourse Analysis, defended by Roque Moraes. the e results show that in perceptions of these teachers in training, there are distances and approximations in the relationship between Psychology and Learning in Mathematics.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Quando o olhar abraça: um flâneur experienciando as ambiencias do comércio informal de Belém do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-07-01) SOUZA, Everton Ronniery Tavares; SILVA, Luiz de Jesus Dias da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1834457786441101; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9037-5081
The existing dynamics in the urban space results from diversified historical, social and economic transformations, which are intertwined with informality. In this sense, it was not only the affective relationships and social proximity that had abrupt changes over time, but a whole commercial and social collective that induced such dynamics. This research aims, then, to reflect about the informal work more traditionally known, from the concepts of perception and subjectivity, in one of the main corridors of popular commerce in the city of Belém: Conselheiro João Alfredo and Santo Antônio Streets. Based on this essence, the research presents a historical evolutionary line, highlighting the origins of informal commerce, as well as presenting ethnographic and perceptive incursions regarding the built environment, the informal work protagonist and his reality, culminating with reflections about the meaning that informality has for the city, accompanied by the sensitive map of the lived ambiences.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Redes sociais via estrutura social cognitiva em adolescentes de uma turma do ensino médio
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-06-17) GODINHO, Rejane Célia de Souza; PONTES, Fernando Augusto Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1225408485576678
Cognitive social structure maps social relationships perceived by the actors. This study characterizes network pattern of a high school classroom and verifies relationship perception and accuracy in this environment. To this end, two interconnected studies were carried out: 1) A review based on cognitive social structure analysis that aimed to investigate and systematize literature regarding the design of Cognitive Social Structure in social network analysis in a school environment to identify gaps, contributions, limitations, and improvement of this technique. 2) Descriptive and exploratory study to characterize differential positioning of adolescents in the social network topology, according to cognitive social structure, in terms of network patterns (greater or lesser density). The results of the first study indicate strategies that measure individual accuracy and group perceptions of the relationships established in each social network. Based on these data, study two characterized the differential positioning of adolescents in the social network topology and found that the subjects with greater precision in identifying real relationships are subjects who perceive the group less densely, and with clear separations between subgroups. Our results differ from little literature in the area regarding greater precision in subjects with less centrality of degree and intermediation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os saberes tradicionais dos pescadores de caranguejo-uçá e o manguezal: o caso de Tamatateua Bragança - Pará, costa Amazônica brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-12) OLIVEIRA, Francisco Pereira de; SOUZA, Gamaliel Tarsos de; SILVA, Klayton Luiz Campelo; FERNANDES, Marcus Emanuel Barroncas
This study focuses on the empirical knowledge and environmental perceptions of Uçá crab (Ucides cordatus) fishermen from the Tamatateua region, municipality of Bragança, northeast of Pará. The main objective is to describe the fishermen's traditional knowledge on this resource focusing on the ecological knowledge from their perceptions and close relationship with the mangrove ecosystem. used the qualitative research approach, in which the technique and the research instrument were carried out using interviews from a questionnaire designed with semi-structured questions, respectively. Data collection took place between 2017 and 2018, with 14 (fourteen) fishermen of Uçá crab, aged between 22 and 62 years, in which the analytical process made use of content analysis. The results demonstrate that the fishermen have elaborated ecological knowledge about the Uçá crab specimen, as well as the natural and environmental phenomena. They perceive the connection between the human being and the mangrove as a synonym of food, marketing, culture, religiosity, among others, which, in some way, directly influence the knowledge passed on from generation to generation through non-formal and informal education. It was also found that the management of the Uçá crab resource is due to the learning process that occurs daily between kinship (father, son, grandson, uncles and others), as well as in the process and socialization (sharing) between friends of the “ mangrove". On the other hand, it was identified that even using predatory practices and arts, such as the hook, the fishermen recognize them as such, but reveal the idea of maintaining the resource when arguing about the respect in the reproduction periods of the specimen.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Vozes dos estaleiros: percepção dos carpinteiros navais artesanais de embarcações sobre saúde ocupacional, riscos e prevenção de acidentes em estaleiros da Amazônia costeira (Bragança/PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-01-04) NEGRÃO, Ângelo Solano; BARBOZA, Roberta Sá Leitão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9331256487699477; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2367-553X; BARBOZA, Myrian Sá Leitão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4827055067722362; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6712-7386
Introduction: Handcrafted shipbuilding plays a vital role in the production of traditional wooden boats for navigation on the Amazon rivers. However, many ship carpenters face unhealthy conditions and health risks, such as exposure to toxic substances and the impacts of climate change. These challenges can lead to long-term health problems, exacerbated by the lack of adequate protective equipment, affecting not only their ability to work but also their daily activities. Objective: To examine the perception of artisanal boatbuilders, located in the city of Bragança/PA, regarding health, perceived risks in shipyards, and self-protection strategies to prevent accidents. Methods: A qualitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional approach was used. Interviews were conducted with six artisanal ship carpenters, aged between 44 and 67, from different shipyards in Bragança. Participants were selected from previously identified shipyards and recommendations from other professionals, keeping their identities protected through pseudonyms. The interviews, adapted from a previous project, took place in the shipyards during working hours. Data analysis followed Bardin's content analysis methodology, with the organization and coding of responses using NVivo software to identify main themes and subthemes. The study was conducted with proper ethical approval, ensuring the privacy, confidentiality, and consent of participants, respecting all ethical guidelines for research involving humans. Results: Carpenters discussed work-related risks, such as physical accidents when handling heavy materials and the use of toxic chemicals in boat construction. Aware of these risks, they adopted preventive measures, such as using appropriate safety equipment. In terms of self-care, they highlighted the importance of clear communication during high-risk operations, shared responsibility for taking care of less experienced colleagues, and additional precautions due to the remote location of the shipyards. They mentioned a shift to more traditional tools after previous incidents and emphasized collaboration and teamwork to reduce risks in handling heavy materials. Conclusion: Their awareness of work hazards underscores the need for preventive measures and a safety culture, demonstrating a proactive approach to accident prevention. Although the research has limitations, such as geographical restrictions in worker participation, it is the first in the region to address the health of these professionals. Specific occupational health interventions, training to reduce risks, and exploring the relationship between organizational culture and mental health are recommended. Future studies and collaborative strategies are proposed to enhance the health and safety of these workers.