Navegando por Assunto "Responsabilidade (Direito)"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A concretização do direito fundamental da personalidade: análise qualitativa de precedentes do tribunal superior do trabalho sobre responsabilidade objetiva
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) WANGHON, Moisés de Oliveira; LEAL, Pastora do Socorro Teixeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3244282344643324
The Federal Constitution in the Democratic State of Law Permeates the interpretative activity that combines consistency and appropriateness to the judicial decisions through the implementation of fundamental rights, as a mechanism of legitimacy of the judicial acts. The theory of the integrity of Ronald Dworkin has emphasis as a tool of hermeneutic understanding of the legal system in tandem with moral assumptions brought by the principles addressed in metaphor of judge Hercules in search of the answer. In this dynamic, the principle of human dignity is an interpretative vector that represents the essence constitutional and radiates to the whole legal system, including the private relationships. Consequently, he rights of the personality as dimensions of human dignity are applicable to labor relations. It is the civil liability as social solidarity, an instrument for the substantiation of human dignity and of the rights of personality by using the system subjective and objective of accountability. Thus, the decisions of the Superior Labor Court (Tribunal Superior do Trabalho) are qualitatively analyzed, in order to recognize as rights of the personality and the dignity of the human person are confirmed by civil liability.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A dívida dos municípios paraenses que aderiram à municipalização do ensino e a norma constitucional permissiva de retenção de verbas transferidas: um estudo de caso sobre o estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-05-16) LOBÃO, Simone Ferreira; KZAM NETO, Calilo Jorge; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0615330668721075
This dissertation will look into the conditions of the municipalities of the State of Pará, that have adhered the municipalization of the education in the 90‘s, which have ceased conveying the payers‘ financing contributions to the government of the State, which have churned up a considerable debit before the State Financing Security Fund. It is about a complexity of the Brazilian federalism, yet to be sorted out, which is, therefore, worth being examined. Thus, the general goal of this research is based on the norm extracted from the Art. 160, a unique paragraph of the Federal Constitution – presenting some changes in the Constitutional Amendments (03/93) and (29/00) – authorizing the retention, by the State, of the reasonable values to the Municipalities, caused by the State tax-collection participation, in case of a municipal debit existence. This study was conducted by two leading up questions. First, it consisted in analyzing whether the municipalities were reliable to develop the public policies upon their material competence, independently of the money, transferred by the Union and the State. In parallel, the second investigating inquiry would be whether the collection through retention would reflect on the fundamental rights of the population, under the municipal power. On the face of these inquiries, as it is the first assumption of this dissertation, brought in the presentation of this research-project, I have affirmed that the autonomy maintenance of the State of Pará‘s municipalities would be unviable just with its own tributes collection. And the second assumption consisted in the affirmation that, in case of the implementation of retention, the municipal debtor would have a great impact on the budget, thus bringing about a hefty difficulty in the public policies concretion, related to the human rights, on the verge of being restrained. I have therefore pondered upon the offensive fundamental rights order, the municipal autonomy and, therefore, the federative alliance itself. In the purpose of analyzing the fullness of such assumptions, this dissertation was broken into three chapters. The first chapter was dedicated to the essential concepts of the academic work development, as the difference between the positive law language and the science of Law language; between the norm and norm texts; the concept of juridical norm; its classification between conduct and structure norms; as well as general, abstract, individual and concrete norms. Moreover, I shall present the model of rules and principles as normative species, beyond the conception of the juridical system. The second chapter is conveyed to the study of federalism and the Brazilian political entities financing system and its importance to the human rights concretion. In the third and last chapter, I shall specifically discuss about the debt of the municipalities which have adhered the municipalization of the education: from the analysis of a great debtor.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A responsabilidade civil das instituições financeiras pelos danos ambientais causados pelos tomadores de crédito
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) AVELINO, Daniel César Azeredo; TRECCANI, Girolamo Domenico; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4319696853704535
The protection on the environment is a fundamental right for the Brazilian constitutional order, which even protects the future generations by its provisions. However, although clear as it may seam, the effective protection of the environment encounters concrete obstacles regarding the difficulty in implementing the constitutional text in complex private activities, typical of the modern period. In this context, financial institutions have taken a unique role and importance in the various relationships that operate between man and the environment in the absence of a codified regulation that would clearly and systematically present the requirements and cautions that banks should obey to while funding a certain project. Faced with this scenario, the present study attempts to compile the various constitutional, legal and infra-legal rules on the subject, in order to, afterwards, carry out an investigative field research, by sampling, to investigate the degree of compliance by the financial institutes to the existing rules. Furthermore, theses rules are critically analyzed, searching, in a constitutional level, for robust theoretical framework that demonstrates the civil liability of the financial institutions for environmental damage caused by its customers, more broadly, from the analysis of each case. This is an essential step to the research, given the simplicity of the infra-legal specific rules on the subject, which end up leaving the constitutional protection at a significant risk. In this process of doctrinal construction, we seek the exact understanding of the historical evolution of key institutions, such as contracts and property, as well as a detailed analysis of the application of fundamental rights in private relations.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A responsabilidade civil objetiva como dever fundamental e sua incidência nas relações privadas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) SILVA, Adelvan Oliverio; LEAL, Pastora do Socorro Teixeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3244282344643324
The work examines sociological and philosophical foundations of objective liability, specifically the responsibility by the "risk". it assumes that the way most of the civilian doctrine analyzes the institution mitigates the potential for strict liability to be understood as an element of organization of functionally differentiated, characterized by excessive complexity and the radical contingency that permeate the communication made between social systems, among humans and between these and those. it concludes that the risk is an unsurpassed feature of complex societies, and analyzing the consequences of that for the formation of the human been who can commit to a political life, it proposes, based mainly on the philosophical studies of Paul Ricoeur and dogmatic constitutional robert alexy, that liability is objectively high level legal and moral duty of the fundamental subjects of law, primarily in the bulge between the relations among individuals.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A responsabilidade civil objetiva como mecanismo de concretização dos direitos fundamentais no âmbito das relações privadas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-08-13) COSTA, Élida de Cássia Mamede da; LEAL, Pastora do Socorro Teixeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3244282344643324
This work proposes to accent the objective civil responsibility based in risk theory as a way to perform fundamentals rights / human rights / personality rights in privates juridical relations, because there was capacity to enlarge the possibility of victims of moral and materials damages be compensated without to prove or discussion about agent‟s guilt. So, disciplining society and relations presents as “risked”, this work aspires to ratify the legislative progress about this subject matter as a step to protect fundamental rights. At second, this article will show briefly the relation between civil responsibility and human dignity, always examining victims‟ situation. The present work investigates, at end, the fundamentals rights‟ efficacy in objective civil responsibility plan, searching parameters to solve the conflict between fundamental rights in privates juridical relations, showing the social sociability and the private right.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Responsabilidade civil: dever jurídico fundamental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-08-31) MATTOS, Paula Frassinetti Coutinho da Silva; LEAL, Pastora do Socorro Teixeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3244282344643324
Law was called to debate about its suitability to the actual agreement that fundamental rights are immediately effective, enforcing principles instead of positivistic legalism. In this context, civil liability appears as an institute able to resize Law, even to rupture the classical public-private dichotomy toward a social-based model. This remodeling brings to light the objective liability doctrine, charging those who earn benefits with some action, disconnecting it from the subjective guilt aspect, rooted to the modernity’s paradigm. This dissertation intends to show that the civil liability is, in the postmodern society, an effective instrument of fundamental rights. To achieve this goal, this study repositioned legal categories that hold the position of assumptions of civil liability such as private autonomy, legal duty, damage, injury and repair. The research was based on literature and, although wishing to participate on a global discussion (at least western speaking), it focuses on the analysis of the brazilian reality. In order to accomplish it, I analyze the single paragraph of article 987 of “Código Civil Brasileiro” from 2002 to present it as an important step toward the necessary social functionalization that permeates civil law. Besides the idea that objective civil liability answers better the demands of contemporary society, this study also presents some thoughts about the existing legal apparatus to suggest that its structure needs to be adjusted to the effectiveness of fundamental rights.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Responsabilidade objetiva e direitos fundamentais: uma reflexão sobre o parágrafo único do artigo 927 do Código Civil Brasileiro a partir de Paul Ricoeur
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) FEIO, Kleber Vinicius Gonçalves; LEAL, Pastora do Socorro Teixeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3244282344643324
This work focuses on strict liability. It is, more specifically, an analysis of the sole paragraph of Article 927 of the Brazilian Civil Code, read as a general clause of strict liability. The research methodology adopted focused on the literature search. As theoretical framework, the work is based on the compilation "Le Juste" by Paul Ricoeur. Therefore, this work clearly has ties to the ethical thought and theories of justice. This work, moreover, emphasizes the interpretation of Ricoeur about the Theory of Justice by John Rawls. Structurally the work is divided into four chapters, the first presents the state of the art and indicates the direction of our investigation. The second deals with the evolution of the concept of responsibility, as outlined by Ricoeur. The third is our foundation: the Rawls’ theory of justice, reinterpreted by Ricoeur. The fourth, our concluding remarks.