Navegando por Assunto "Santarém - PA"

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Desconhecido
Acidentes ofídicos ocorridos no município de Santarém (PA) no período de 2000-2009
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) SINIMBÚ, Valter Pinheiro; SOUZA, Givago da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5705421011644718
It surveyed the epidemiological profile of snakebites and risk factors associated with its incidence among residents of the municipality of Santarém (PA) and occurred in the decade of 2000-2009. Approaches the study with a descriptive-analytical methodology, observational and retrospective, with the use of a properly coded database, provided by the National Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) of the Ministry of Health. During the period, there were 2283 cases, accounting an annual incidence ranging between 70 to 105 cases / 100,000 population with a fatality rate of 0.66%. The accidents predominated in rural people (87%) in the months of Amazon rainy (January to June) in male patients (79%) aged 20-29 years. Almost all cases were treated at the emergency room of the county (88%) located in the urban area. Most patients (56%) came to the Health Unit 6 hours after the accident due to difficulties in access by geographic factors and river transport. Were classified as mild in severity (38%), moderate (55%) and severe (6%). Due to the frequency of species of snakes in the region, Bothrops accounted for the majority with 70.9%, followed by laquéticos accidents (11.3%) and more frequent in Amazonian forests, the crotalic (2.1%) and rare Micrurus (0.2%) and 15.3% in the species was not identified. In 91% of these patients the serum therapy was instituted. Unable to determine the occupancy of these patients, nor their level of education due to lack of completion of the case report forms. The lower limbs were the regions mostly affected (82%), which draws attention to the adoption of simple but effective preventive measures. Because of the high incidence of cases (the largest in Brazil), difficulties in patient access to prompt and effective care (increasing the morbidity and mortality), and little importance given by health professionals with regard to whether the information necessary for a better assessment and protection of the residents of this region, concludes that these accidents, although endemic in much of the world, particularly the tropics, remains, according to WHO definition, a problem neglected (by patients, professionals and society). There is need for more research, more ads and more awareness.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Acordos de pesca: a efetividade dos acordos para o desenvolvimento local nas comunidades do Pixuna e Jarí do Socorro no município de Santarém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-28) OLIVEIRA, Everton Jose do Nascimento; MITSCHEIN, Thomas Adalbert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7431424927108512
This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of fisheries agreements in the Amazon as a tool for participatory management through population living in communities Pixuna and Jari Relief in the municipality of Santarém - Pa . To this end, we analyzed how these communities perceive the current fisheries agreements , since they are considered agroextractivist and having fishing activity in their source of income , protein and over the years has been practicing the mechanism of the fisheries agreement as way of managing this activity . Also attempted to interview representatives of NGOs such as IPAM as an organization responsible for promotion of a simpler way for fishermen who happens to be in the Law and Practice Normative Instruction IBAMA n. 29/2002 which deals with the creation of fisheries agreements , the fishing Colony Z - 20 accountable and responsible to defend the interests and rights of workers in the sector of artisanal fishing spot before public bodies and society and IBAMA official representative of the public , managers and supervisory power of any shares predatory and environmental degradation evident in the agreements implemented in fishing communities . The research describes the floodplain environment as a setting for those relationships that are established from the use of a resource freely accessible to all as is the case of fish. With respect to methodology, techniques constituted as: direct observation, application of a semi -structured questionnaire and interviews. Characteristics of the study, their subjects and the information regarding the collection and analysis of data were presented. Thus, the study was characterized as qualitative. Data were analyzed using basic statistical procedures using SPSS software as frequency and estimates of descriptive parameters, with representation of trends in tables and graphs, which aims to better display these analyzes and observations to the context of research. Finally, the concluding remarks of the study, where it was identified that the lack of coordination among community residents in the localities, and communities with public authorities can, be identified as important factors in the decline observed in the current fishing agreements were made , another interesting point and of considerable importance is the absence of the body responsible for the oversight of the rules found in fisheries agreements , IBAMA . Therefore, some recommendations were suggested to the members of the organizations analyzed .
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O agronegócio da soja e o direito fundamental de acesso à propriedade dos povos tradicionais em Santarém - Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-05-10) BARBOSA, Jonismar Alves; MOREIRA, Eliane Cristina Pinto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7471628624621314
Desconhecido
Alometria reprodutiva de Podocnemis unifilis (Testudines: Podocnemididae) na várzea do baixo Rio Amazonas, Santarém, Pará, Brasil
(2012-03) PIGNATI, Marina Teófilo; PEZZUTI, Juarez Carlos Brito
The body size of the organisms represents an important parameter, which may have consequences on their ecology, reproductive activities, evolution and development. Allometry relationship is the study of the size (or growth) of a body part in relation to the final size (or growth) of the organism. This study analyzed the allometric relationships between females of Podocnemis unifilis (Troschel, 1848), their eggs and hatchlings, and between nest features and the clutch in the flooded forest portion (várzea) of lower Amazon River, Santarém, state of Pará, Brazil. Podocnemis unifilis clutches' were monitored in the Tabuleiro da Água Preta during the reproductive cycle of 2009. The females found nesting were measured and the physical features of the nests were measured, and the latter were also marked with numbered stakes. The eggs and hatchlings of these nests were removed and counted, and their biometry was performed. The female parameters analyzed (straight-line carapace length and mass) were correlated with almost all the egg and hatchling variables, with the exception of the egg length and the hatchling mass. Future studies directed to the better understanding of how the environmental features influence nest features can be applied, being useful for more effective applications of management actions for the species.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise dos impactos das diferentes formas de ocupação da superfície sobre as condições meteorológicas na região de Santarém, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-08-26) SILVA, Benedito Evandro Barros da; GANDU, Adilson Wagner; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8491359374260645
This dissertation aimed to get information concerning the use and occupation of soil in the region of Santarém, in different years in the last decades, to show the effects caused by changes of surface properties on the atmospheric conditions simulated by weather and climate numerical models. The land surfaces are characterized by causing substantial effects on the atmosphere and thus influencing the quality of weather and climate forecasts. On the other hand, deforestation contributes to climate change by eliminating large amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. These activities also cause effects on public health, agriculture, forest resources, wildlife resources, and water resources. In addition, replacement of natural surface by pasture or agriculture modifies the thermal and radioactive properties of the surface, generating changes in local, regional and global atmospheric conditions. In this paper representative periods of possible climate change in the region were analyzed, identified by treatment and statistical analysis of climatologic data from surface weather stations, as well as time and quantitative evolution of deforestation in the study region with data from Project PRODES (Monitoring of Brazilian Amazon Rainforest by Satellite). The evaluation of the atmospheric effects on changes in land use and occupation was based on IBGE vegetation map, and the inclusion of class "deforestation" analyzed in different periods (1997 and 2009) worked on the software Arc. Gis. 9.2. Data files of surface types compatible with the reading of the BRAMS model were created. The BRAMS model was used to simulate the different effects of land use thematic maps in the local atmosphere. The results indicate a trend of increase in average rainfall and frequency of days with precipitation, decrease in average temperature of maximum and increase in average temperature of minimum over years in the region of Santarém. The study area by the year 1997 registered 19.44% deforestation and by the year 2009 it rose to 25.54%. The simulations with the generated files of land use and occupation in 1997 and 2009 showed little variation for different thematic maps in the variables (temperature, humidity and flows of sensible and latent heat) when considering the average values of the total area simulated. However, when small areas located only on the regions suffering the largest changes are taken into account, there are major influences as deforestation increases.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos da infecção pelo HTLV em usuários do Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento do município de Santarém- Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014) BARBOSA, Richelma de Fátima Miranda; MARTINS, Luisa Caricio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1799493244439769
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos da infecção pelo Papilomavírus Humano (HPV) em mulheres da população urbana e ribeirinha no município de Santarém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) LIMA, Maria Mônica Machado de Aguiar; FUZII, Hellen Thais; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0026958665547973
The human papilloma virus (HPV) is a virus that infects the skin and mucosa and is associated with cancer of the cervix, by increasing the likelihood of this happening, but parallel to this, other behavioral risk factors should be investigated. Focusing research on the prevalence and the clinical epidemiology of genital infection by HPV in women of urban and riverside municipality of Santarém-Para State proposed a comparative study to be observational, descriptive and analytical , transversal, where there was a selection of 511 women, with 391 women (38.54 ± 11.4 years) and 120 for Urban sample comprised the sample riverfront (37.2 ± 11.7 years). For data collection an interview was conducted, containing information about the factors that may be associated with the incidence of HPV and cervical cancer, plus a collection of biological material that was analyzed by cytology, DNA isolation and PCR . The analysis of these data was performed using the tab in excel and subsequent treatment through statistical software Bioestat 5.0, with the results a low prevalence of HPV compared with surveys from other regions, and homogeneity of results between urban and riverside, differing only in the topics of education, smoking status, number of sexual partners during their lifetime, and oral contraceptive used during life. Concluding that despite geographical location, there is for the municipality of Santarém a big change in the profile of woman between data found in the urban area and the waterfront on the epidemiology of HPV.
Desconhecido
Aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos do escorpionismo na região de Santarém, Estado do Pará, Brasil
(2003-06) PARDAL, Pedro Pereira de Oliveira; CASTRO, Lívia Correa; JENNINGS, Erik; PARDAL, Joseana Silva de Oliveira; MONTEIRO, Maria Rita de Cássia Costa
This is a descriptive and prospective study on epidemiological and clinical aspects of 72 scorpion accidents admitted to Santarém Municipal Hospital, state of Pará, Brazil, from February 2000 to February 2001. Only 8.3% brought the animal with them, identified as T. cambridgei. The majority of victims were male (83.3%). The mean age and the time of the medical help were respectively 33.6±18.3 years and 4.6±3.2 hours. The parts of the body most affected were the superior members (51.5%). Local symptoms occurred in 91.7% cases and systemic manifestations in 98.6% of the accidents. The local symptoms included: paresthesia in 79.2% cases, pain in 52.8% and edema in 26.4%. Among the systemic manifestations neurological disorders predominated in 97.2%, and the symptom of "electric shock" occurred in 88.9% patients. The most common neurological signs were: myoclonia (93%), dysmetria (86.1%), dysarthria (80.6%), and ataxia (70.8%). The accidents were classified as moderate in 76.4% without any serious cases. The specific anti-venom serum was not administered in 32.7% of the moderate cases, due to non-availability of the anti-venom serum at the time of attendance. The victims of scorpion envenomation notified at Santarém, present a different clinical and regional behavior from previous reports in Brazil and Amazonia regions. The predominantly neurological picture has not previously been described in the Brazilian literature.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Atuação de Defensoria Pública do Pará e a mulher encarcerada
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-10-22) SANTOS, Daiane Lima dos; PONT VIDAL, Josep; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4415362518177732
This research analyses how the Public Defender of Pará is performing in regard to the social rights of women who are incarcerated in headquarters of criminal enforcement as from the law nº 054 de 2006. In order to this aim, the research feats the sentenced women profiles and verifies how the Public Defender performance through the judicial and extra judicial procedures are contributing to the social vulnerability decrease and to the enlargement of the incarcerated women’s social, economic and cultural capital. This study uses the concepts of habitus; field; economic capital; cultural capital; the symbolic power of Bourdieu; the poverty criminalization idea of Loic Wacquant and, Joan Scott, to the gender concept. Methodologically, the research is classified as a case study in the State of Pará with data collection during October and November (2012), and which has the following Recovery Centers as locus of research: CRF (Ananindeua); CRAMA (Maraba) and CRASHM (Santarém); allowing comparisons between them. The research uses both quantitative approach with a questionnaire to all the volunteers women (202 of the universe of 275 incarcerated and sentenced women) and analysis reports. This study also has realized a descriptive analysis of the obtained data, EXCEL and SPSS.17, during the preparing of graphs, tables and inferential analysis (chi-square test of independence). As the qualitative approach, this one has used the semi-structured interview applied to the public defenders and to the local group in CRF, counting on the posterior triangulation of data; concluding that the incarcerated women represent a vulnerable group with low economic, cultural and social capital, facing difficulty to the health access. The access to justice is not fully effected either, in regard to their social rights, which were only partially accorded through individual lawsuits and administrative actions, without the use of judicial collective or constitutional actions, being both the participation on public policies and the network acting too small.
Desconhecido
Capital social, redes sociais e inovações produtivas
(2008) PONTE, Tereza Maria Ferreira Ximenes
Successful experiences in motivating local populations show the importance of organizing people and training them to develop innovative projects. It also reveals that communities in which people interact more frequently with each other and where social networks, on a whole, are well integrated, are more likely to overcome their limitations and to take advantage of their opportunities. This in return favors the development of strategies and collective tactics, increasing the power of choice and decision of the community members.
Desconhecido
Caracterização de farinhas de tapioca produzidas no estado do Pará
(2013) SILVA, Priscilla Andrade; CUNHA, Roberto Lisboa; LOPES, Alessandra Santos; PENA, Rosinelson da Silva
Tapioca flour is a typical food produced from cassava starch (Manihot esculenta Crantz), widely consumed in the Amazon Region. The aim of this study was to characterize two tapioca flours produced in Pará State, Brazil one in the West Region and other in Bragantina Area. Both tapioca flour presented distinct particle-size distribution and significant difference (P0.05) for majority of the physico-chemical and technological parameters. Flour from West Region presented high moisture (10.7%), this due the greater capacity of water adsorption, attributed at its high specific area (smaller particlesize). The optical microscopy with polarized light and the technologic properties of the products did not showed a standard process for the production of tapioca flour.
Desconhecido
Casarões históricos de Santarém: estudo sobre os sobrados e prédios históricos e sua significação dentro da área central da cidade de Santarém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) COUTO, Estefany Miléo de; MARQUES, Fernando Luiz Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0365104813041022
This research presents a study on the houses and historical buildings located in the central area of the city of Santarem in Para, which is the core founder of the city, these studies were performed using tools such as inventory and preservation ethnographic techniques, based on processes performed by organs and institutions of reference in this field, and with IPHAN DPHAC with intent to identify the historical and artistic values revelantes through physical surveys and documentary, in order to rescue the memory and local identity through the preservation of these works architectural, that despite the many influences and changes that have suffered during this process, still represent singular and notable examples of architecture from an era that can only be contemplating in Santarem.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cenários de mudanças de uso da terra na Amazônia: explorando uma abordagem participativa e multi-escala no PAE Lago Grande, em Santarém-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) FOLHES, Ricardo Theophilo; AGUIAR, Ana Paula Dutra de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5810427753185619
The Agroforestry Settlement Projects (ASP) has largely been successful in achieving land ownership by traditional communities in the Amazon. In 2005, an ASP has been created by the National Institute of Colonization and Land Reform (INCRA) in Santarém County (PA), the so-called ASP of Great Lake, which has an area of 290,000 hectares and 30,000 inhabitants, and corresponds to one of the largest land reform settlements ever created in Brazil. In this agrarian context, this work aims to use scenarios derived from participatory methods in conformity with the reality of Amazon. Scenarios are tales of the future designed to better reflect from business planning to environmental analysis, using a variety of techniques and goals. Therefore, this work evaluate whether this technique can give support to the consolidation of different territorial units in this region. Thus, the ASP of Great Lake was used here as a case study. As a result, the study shows that there is great potential for replication such efforts in other agrarian reform methods of settlements and in units of conservation and sustainable use.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A composição de Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera) coprófagos na região de Alter do Chão, Pará: a influência dos biomas Amazônia e cerrado e da sazonalidade e os efeitos de tamanho de área, isolamento e proximidade de estradas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-05-22) TEIXEIRA, Frederico Machado; VALENTE, Roberta de Melo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9638288458835324; ALBERNAZ, Ana Luisa Kerti Mangabeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1220240487835422
This work had as objective to investigate the effect of the size of the forest islands, of its distances for the continuous forest (isolation) and for the adjacent roads on the coprófagos community of Scarabaeidae. Samples had been collected in 24 islands of semideciduous forest, between 0,5 and 360 ha, in an Amazonian savanna matrix and eight places in predominantly secondary, semideciduous continuous forest, in the region of Alter do Chão, Santarém, Pará. The Scarabaeidae had been collected with pitfall traps with bait (human dung) in two seasonal periods (dries and rain). For each point of collection 10 traps had been installed in two 250 m transects, distant 100 m between itself. 5 traps in each transect that had been placed 50 m apart. For each place of collect was registered the DAP (Height Brest Tree Diameter), of all trees with equal or superior diameter of the 5 cm, in four 250 transectos of 2 x m, being these used data to derive the indices from the structure of the vegetation (average diameter and number of individuals). The area, perimeter and the distances of the islands for the continue forest had been calculated using respectively the extensions "X-Tools" and "Nearest Features v3.6d" for ArcView, on the map of the area digitalized from an image of Landsat TM of 1996. The collected units had been identified with the aid of specialized bibliography and specialists. For the characterization of the fauna, the joined species had been compared with a list of species generated from publications for the Cerado, Amazonia and Brazilian ecotone (cerrado-floresta). To evaluate the robustness of the sampling, curves of rarefação had been used and gotten estimates of wealth using itself diverse estimators. For the analysis of the standards of the communities, an analysis HNMDS (Semi-strong Hibrid Multidimensional Scaling) using itself in the distance of Bray-Curtis was used. 18 pertaining sorts and 36 species to biomas of the Cerrado and Amazonia had been found, but was not possible to have a complete notion of the parcel of each biome represented in this ecotone of transition savanna-forest, once that the samples had not been enough for the exhausting survey of the wealth of Scarabaeidae. The ordinance showed a trend of grouping of the continuous forests and separation of these of the forest islands. Although the survey to have registered a bigger number of species in the forest islands that in the areas of continuous forest, the communities had presented a strong hierarchic standard [ P (T< 14,87°)<0,001 ], indicating that in the islands they are persisting only one parcel of the total of species of the region. A relation was not found enters the composition of Scarabaeidae and the size and the form of the forest islands. But a significant relation between the composition (axle 1) and the isolation (F=5,363, P=0,031) and the composition (axle 1) and the number of trees was found (DAP > 5 cm) (F=6,103, P=0,012, corrected for Bonferroni). The number of trees of each place of sampling was related with the proximity of roads (0,658), what it strengthens the idea of that the roads are contributing for changes in the structure of the vegetation, that in turn has a effect on the fauna of Scarabaeidae.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Composição, distribuição, utilização de ambientes e variação sazonal na densidade de quelônios aquáticos do Lago Verde, Alter do Chão, Santarém, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) LEITE, Rachel Ullmann; PEZZUTI, Juarez Carlos Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3852277891994862
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comunicação de risco de inundação: uma análise do conteúdo de jornais de cidades paraenses (2009-2010)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-04-17) SANTOS, Juliana Lima dos; MATOS, Luciana Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1310961057480638; SZLAFSZTEIN, Claudio Fabian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1348005678649555
This work has as objective the analysis of journalistic content as printed (2009-2010) of Para cities of Santarém and Maraba, which faces floods annually during the Amazon winter (December to June). The aim is to analyze how risk is communicated in local newspapers throughout the stages of risk management. Is there effective communication of risk? For this, the methodology is based on the content analysis in order to investigate the form, content, number and memory media of newspapers in Gauteng and Lower Amazon (Santarém) and Tocantins Mail (Marabá) established in temporality. The main theoretical framework as a basis for research is linked to the concepts of Risk Communication, Content Analysis and Risk Management, found in the works of Di Giulio (2008), Bardin (2009) and Jungles (2012) respectively. In comparing both papers, it was observed that the JSBA a higher amount of publications and better content than JCT, but the form was more consistent in the second paper. When the memory media, Correio do Tocantins introduced the element of “mediatic oblivion”, featuring the absence of publications on the subject for a long time, while the JSBA addressed the theme in almost every month. Therefore, it was found that in 2009, the newspapers were risk communication and not risk communication. But after the extreme event experienced in 2009, within one year, risk communication, alerting the population before the occurrence of the disaster went on to win their first attempts in the Journal of Santarém and Lower Amazon, to the detriment of the Courier Journal Tocantins, which continued to show the same results.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A criação de unidades de conservação em áreas de apossamento de populações tradicionais: um problema agrário ou ambiental?
(1998) BENATTI, José Heder
A discussão que iremos apresentar neste trabalho faz parte de nosso projeto de pesquisa que desenvolvemos em parceria com entidades de base e organizações nãogovernamentais (ONGs)1, com o intuito de apresentar uma proposta de regularização fundiária dos apossamentos das populações tradicionais da Amazônia. As áreas com as quais desenvolveremos nosso trabalho são: Parque Nacional do Jaú – AM; comunidade de ribeirinhos da ilha de Ituqui, no município de Santarém – PA; comunidade de remanescentes do Quilombo de Pacoval, no município de Alenquer – PA. São diferentes áreas de pesquisa, uma está em uma unidade de conservação, outra, em uma ilha no rio Amazonas e a última é um quilombo em terras da União. Contudo, neste momento, pretendemos discutir somente um dos casos analisados, que é o das populações tradicionais em Unidades de Conservação (UC) de uso indireto2.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Da teoria à prática: uma análise das ações da ONG Projeto Saúde e Alegria no Telecentro Comunitário de Suruacá no Rio Tapajós
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) CORDEIRO, Everaldo de Souza; CASTRO, Fábio Fonseca de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5700042332015787
This study is the result of a research examing the relationship between theory and practice of the actions proposed by the NGO "Project Health and Happiness" (NGO-PSA) on the inlands of Suruacá, among Tapajós river, Santarém, in the western of Pará state. The research problem was conducted from two main questions: What’s the relation between theory and practice in the projects experience of the comunity Telecentre of Suruacá? And, what’s the cultural impact caused by new media use in the area? Data analysis was produced from field work and bibliographical-documentary survey about NGOs actions – material collected from the official website of the NGO-PSA, institutional videos and interviews with staff and external researchers acting in Communication, Culture and Education fields. On the survey results, we constacted that the publicized Project proposal corresponds to the social description helded by the residents about the action developped in the last 25 years by the NGO. We perceived that there are convergent communicational and educational practices in relationship between PSA and Suruacá. These practices are not only in a dialetc order, but also in a dialogical one. We understand this dialogical order with the complexity theory, present on Morin’s thought (1991), the mediation theory, presente Martín-Barbero’s thought (1997) and the “deep dialogicity”, present in Freire’s thought (1996) in cases involving Communication, Culture and Education. We also consider that the presence of NGOs in Suruacá does not exempt the necessity of brazilian state action in the execution of public policy on communication, culture, education and health on those areas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica da economia e das relações do trabalho da pesca artesanal no município de Santarém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-04-28) MARTINS, Everaldo de Vasconcelos; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146; ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0325909843645279
The case study project presented here focuses on how they can explain the dynamics of economics and labor relations in the chain of fishing that occurs in the fishing communities of Ituqui and Tapará Coast, located in the municipality of Santarém-PA, where were interviewed and consulted key players who work in commercial production chain, from capture to the wholesale trade. After analysis and processing of data that were obtained in field work, we demonstrated how trade flows occur and labor relations in fishing communities studied. Fishing is an activity directed to the welfare and survival of fishermen and their families. The data were copied into tables, which is demonstrated the resourcefulness of the fishing activity in those communities, since the capture process, through direct marketing in the context of communities and acting on the mediator boats that interfere in the chain of the fishing trade in the municipality of Santarém. With the conclusion of the case study, it was possible to detect the relevant factors that influence the organizational level of communities through the entity hat represents them, considering the benefits set by government and other nongovernment entities, resulting in the binding of 100% of fishermen to the Fishermen Colony Z-20. Every fishermen interviewed is a signatory of the fishing agreements provided by them and consents to IBAMA. Register that 100% of fishermen of Ituqui fishing communities and Tapará Grande develop their activities using their own resources and depend on income solely derived from the fishing, which reinforces that in the period didn’t have fish they come to rely on unemployment insurance for the maintenance of family and to regain their boats and fishing gears for the next fishing season.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ecologia de dois grupos de sagüis-brancos, mico argentatus (Linnaeus 1771) em um fragmento florestal natural, Santarém-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) CORRÊA, Honorly Kátia Mestre; FERRARI, Stephen Francis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3447608036151352
This monograph presents the results of a long-term study of the behaviour and ecology of two free-ranging groups of Mico argentatus in a natural fragment of forest isolated within a matrix of savanna vegetation in the region of Alter do Chão, in central Amazonia. The groups, denominated Cm1 and Cm2, were habituated and then monitored during 12 months in 2000 and four months in 2001 (Cm1), and seven and three months, respectively, in the two years (Cm2). Analyses of temporal variation were based on three distinct seasons (early wet, late wet, and dry seasons) of 2000, and the longitudinal comparison of July and September in 2000 and 2001. Relationships between ecological variables (abundance of principal resources: fruit and insects) and the ecological and behavioural characteristics of the group were evaluated. The two groups presented distinct composition and sizes, varying from 4-8 and 8-11 members in Cm1 and Cm2, respectively. Quantitative data were collected using scan sampling, with a scan of one minute duration conducted at five-minute intervals throughout the daily activity period of the group. The results show that both groups dedicate more than half their time to foraging and feeding. Diet was composed of fruit, nectar, gum, and animal prey (invertebrates – primarily orthopterans, formicids, and coleopterans – as well as lizards and amphibians). In 2000, groups Cm1 and Cm2 occupied home ranges of 11.5 ha and 14.6 ha, respectively. The seasonal analysis showed a similarity between groups in the systematic allocation of increasing time to foraging and feeding as non-gum resources became scarcer. In addition to a 30% decline in precipitation between years, the longitudinal analysis revealed considerable changes in the composition and spatial distribution of the study groups. These changes appear to have had the main influence on behaviour patterns, resulting in contrasting trends in the two groups. Overall, despite important similarities, the marked differences in many aspects of the ecology of two groups occupying the same fragment constituted one of the principal results of the study, in addition to the considerably variation among seasons and between years. The behavioural strategies records in the study appear to reflect not only the typical variability and flexibility of the callitrichids, but also the ecological conditions imposed by the fluctuations in the availability of resources within a fragment of reduced size.