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Navegando por Assunto "Sesquiterpenos"

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    Atividade potencialmente alelopática do óleo essencial de Ocimum americanum
    (2009) SOUZA FILHO, Antonio Pedro da Silva; BAYMA, Joaquim de Carvalho; GUILHON, Giselle Maria Skelding Pinheiro; ZOGHBI, Maria das Graças Bichara
    Essential oils are known for their several biological activities. The biodiversity of the Amazon region is rich in essential-oil producing plants.The aim of this work was to study the potentially allelopathic activity of the essential oil of Ocimum americanum and to determine its effects on seed germination and growth of two weed species. Solutions of the essential oil were tested at concentrations varying from 100 to 2,000 mg L-1, considering their effects on seed germination (at 25 ºC and a photoperiod of 12 hours) and radicle and hypocotyl growth (at 25 ºC and a photoperiod of 24 hours) of the weeds Mimosa pudica and Senna obtusifolia. Factors related to concentration, specificity of the receiving plants and the parameters analyzed were decisive for the effects obtained. Overall, there was a positive relation between concentration and inhibitory effect. M. pudica tended to be more sensitive to the effects than S. obtusifolia. Seed germination was more affected by the essential oil, followed by radicle elongation and hypocotyl elongation. The observed effects can be attributed to the composition of the essential oil, that includes monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, aliphatic compounds and phenylpropanoids. The compounds limonene, camphor and linalol, found in the essential oil, are known to have allelopathic activity.
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    Modulação da neuroinflamação celular e neuroproteção induzidas por tratamento com betacariofileno em um modelo experimental de isquemia estriatal em ratos adultos
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-10-11) LOPES, Rosana Telma Santos; SANTOS, Enio Maurício Nery dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7789458294239924; LEAL, Walace Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2085871005197072
    Stroke results from the transitory or permanent reduction of cerebral blood flow. It can be classified as hemorrhagic or ischemic. Ischemic stroke is responsible for around 87% of all cases. This acute neural disorder is the second cause of mortality and disability around the world and the main cause of death in Brazil. Since ischemic stroke in patients usually results from a thrombotic or embolic occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), experimental models of ischemia have been developed to mimic human stroke. There are no neuroprotective drugs available for human stroke. It follows that research on development of alternative neuroprotective drugs are of important clinical relevance. In this study, we investigated the effects of betacaryophyllene, the main sesquiterpene present in about 40% of the copaiba oil-resin composition, on microglial activation, astrocytic reactivity and neuronal preservation following experimental MCAO in adult rats. Animals were submitted to experimental stroke by microinjections of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and treated (i.p) with betacaryophillene (N=4) or vehicle control (N=4) and perfused at 3 days or 7 days post-MCAO. Gross histopathology was performed using cresyl violet staining. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess neuronal loss (anti-NeuN), microglial activation (anti-ED1) and astrocytosis (anti-GFAP). Numbers of NeuN+ and GFAP+ cells were quantified in the ischemic striatum. Betacaryophyllene treatment reduced microglial activation, increased neuronal preservation and decreased astrocytic reactivity at 7 days post-MCAO. These results suggest that betacaryophylene modulates neuroinflammation and is neuroprotective following experimental striatal. Considering that betacaryophyllene is a natural dietetic extract already used in non-neural human diseases with antiinflammatory, anti-microbial and anti-carcinogenic properties, its use as a neuroprotective agent is a promising future therapy for human stroke.
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