Navegando por Assunto "Socioambientalismo"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Espaços territoriais especialmente protegidos como instrumentos jurídicos de defesa dos povos da Amazônia: uma análise dos riscos socioambientais da expansão da soja geneticamente modificada
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-12-17) DIEHL, Diego Augusto; MOREIRA, Eliane Cristina Pinto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7471628624621314
This dissertation aims to analyze some special protected areas as in Brazilian law, from the social-environmental perspective and ethically committed to the people of the Amazon, identifying limitations and possibilities of these areas to defense the people against the potential impacts produced by the introduction of transgenic soybean in the region. For this, analyzes the historical process of integration of the Amazon in the currently world system, under a combined and uneven development, marked by many conflicts, violence and “land grabbing”. In this context, it sought to identify the specifics ways that the highly capitalized agribusiness of soybean enter in the region, with the key-concept of geopolitics, witch produces the birth of biopolitics with the introduction of biotechnology. The legal form of GMO is then analyzed as a product of biopolitics, occasioning a series of social and environmental risks not yet fully understood by science, and calling for this reason the application of the precaution principle. Although this principle constitute itself as a pillar of the Brazilian Environmental Law, it was unconstitutionally removed from the legal regime of transgenics, creating controversies including about the legal possibility of cultivation of GM varieties in the vicinity of territorial specially protected areas. Analyzing the current process of introduction and expansion of GM soya in the Amazon, where exists an enormous social and environmental diversity and with plenty special protected areas, it gives a legal interpretation on a social and environmental way, consistent with the Federal Constitution of 1988, in terms of the current legal regime for the cultivation of GM crops in the vicinity of protected areas, indigenous lands and maroon territories, selected because of the potential action of Amazonian people on resistance and insurgency against the dominant design of dominator Wholeness, that, in producing their victims, also produces the historical possibility of the organization and political mobilization of these victims to build a political project of liberation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Gestão ambiental no Baixo Tocantins: dos movimentos ambientalistas à elaboração do PPDJUS
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-03-09) ARNAUD, Mário Júnior de Carvalho; ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2436176783315749
The current work intends to reflect about the performance of social and environmental movements in Amazon, and how it contributed to the emergence of Social environmentalism in the region. It analyses how the Social environmentalism has contributed to the policies of environmental management in the city of Cametá, and how it influenced in its origin, development and strengthening as institutional instance. These policies have led to a new conception of environmental management in the city with implications to the use of natural resources and environment. Alongside to the decentralization policy, the performance of several social actors has promoted a participative management in the city. The dissertation searches to understand the dynamics of these movements and their implications in the use of territory since the fishing agreements and the mobilization to preserve the forest and aquatic resources, verifying the changes in the use of the territory as of this kind of intervention and, also, the results of this social environmental mobilization concerning to the formulation of regional plans and development to the Low Tocantins as the PPDEJUS – Popular Plan of Sustainable Development to the Ebb of UHE Tucuruí.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A política e a legislação ambiental inseridos no conceito de justiça ambiental
(Universidade da Amazônia, 2013-11) BITTENCOURT, Márcio Teixeira
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Representações sociais, cotidiano e práticas políticas de mulheres quebradeiras de coco babaçu no estado do Maranhão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) REBELO, Maria de Nazaré de Oliveira; CONRADO, Monica Prates; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6141735247260273
With the democratization process in Brazil, various social movements of collective identity were organizing themselves politically to claim rights they were denied systematically by the State. The expansion of spaces for political participation enabled the collective identity of groups fighting for their rights, however, despite the new relationship with the state and the constitutional recognition and infra, the effectuation of these rights has not yet materialized. Within this context, emerge on the political scene the women babassu coconut breakers, demanding recovery and recognition of their traditional activity of extraction of babassu, an increase of products derived from palm, approval and respect the laws of the babassu free and territorial space to develop both collection and break the coconut as well as family farming based on organic production. The support for their claims is centered on the idea that socio traditional populations are responsible for protecting the environment, since they have a low environmental impact compared with nature.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Socioambientalização das decisões da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos: o caso do povo Xucuru vs Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-10-30) SOUSA, Pilar Ravena de; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
The present dissertation aims to demonstrate that within its contentious jurisdiction, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACHR Court) manifests a process of social environmentalism in its jurisprudence. The case study was combined with bibliographic and documentary reviews as a research methodology. The case object of the study is the case of the Xucuru People vs Brazil. In the first chapter, the concept of socio- environmentalism is constructed (Souza Filho, 2002; Santilli, 2005; Diegues, 2008), which will be used to understand the socio-environmental effect of the Inter-American Court. To this end, the historical approach to the origin of the socio-environmental movement, its impact on Brazilian legislation, and how socio-environmental conflicts give rise to the perspective of socio-environmental justice in Brazil are made. The socio-environmental issue originates in the colonisation period, from how the territory was exploited and the labour of traditional communities and populations. However, the socio-environmental movement is only consigned from the articulation of environmental and social movements in Brazil, in the period after the Military Regime that preceded the constituent assembly. The period of the Military Dictatorship in Brazil was marked by the predatory exploitation of the Amazon, affecting traditional populations and communities. After this period, the rubber tappers' movement, led by Chico Mendes, stood out for presenting a path of development in the Amazon region that was not predatory development. From this intersection of the articulation between social movements and environmental movements, new rights were born, which broke with the exacerbated protection of individual rights and included, in the constitutional text, social rights and collective rights. Finally, the origin of the concept of Socio- Environmental Justice is discussed, which understands traditional communities as agents of conflict, considering that they are agents who have another relationship with nature, in which what is human and what is a natural resource is not divided – and, therefore, they need to be actors of Socio-Environmental Justice, starring in the agenda. The second chapter deals with the history of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and the techniques used by this Court to protect the environment, given the limitation of its jurisdiction. To this end, the techniques of "greening" are analysed (MAZZUOLI; TEIXEIRA, 2017), used by other International Courts, to demonstrate that the effect on the Inter-American Court of Human Rights is not a matter of greening its decisions, but instead of a socio-environmental approach in the construction of its Jurisprudence, based on the concept of Socio-Environmental Justice (Moreira, 2017). In the third chapter, the paradigm case is presented, a dispute in the Court of Human Rights between the Xucuru People and Brazi, a signatory member state of the Court's contentious jurisdiction. The dispute has as its object the demarcation of the lands of the Xucuru People, who do not respect the principle of speed, and, in the face of legislative changes in the country, had the demarcation process postponed several times. Given the legislative change, which made it possible for third parties to contest the demarcation, conflicts arose over the land object of the demarcation. The Inter- American Court of Human Rights judgment was signed in 2018 and, as of the date of the judgment, the indigenous landfill had not suffered total disintrusion, and could not fully enjoy its territory. The Inter-American Court of Human Rights recognised Brazil's obligation to end the demarcation process with the full disintrusion of indigenous territory from the perspective of communal property, recognising that the demarcated lands must belong entirely to the Xucuru People; in addition to recognising Brazil's duty to indemnify the Xucuru People for the unjustified extension of the process of demarcation of the territory of the Xucuru People.