Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas - PPGCF/ICS

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2312

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF) vinculado ao Instituto de Ciências da Saúde (ICS) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) apresenta um auto-impacto de inserção regional uma vez que se trata do único PPGCF na Região Norte pelo grande potencial de utilização da biodiversidade na região amazônica. Além de favorecer a fixação e atração de profissionais qualificados na área de Ciências Farmacêuticas na Região Amazônica.

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Abordagem fitoquímica, determinação da atividade antiplasmódica in vitro e avaliação preliminar da toxicidade do extrato hidroetanólico das cascas de Aspidosperma excelsum Benth (Apocynaceae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) GOMES, Luis Fábio dos Santos; DOLABELA, Maria Fâni; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0458080121943649; VASCONCELOS, Flávio de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3695753129639448
Malaria is a disease caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium. The treatment of malaria is becoming increasingly difficult with the expansion of the cases of parasites resistant to drugs used in therapy. In this context, products isolated from plants have give an important contribution, representing an important source for obtaining new antimalarial drugs. Antiplasmodial activity of alkaloids of plant origin has been widely reported in the literature. Plants of the Apocynaceae family, rich in indole alkaloids have medicinal properties and some large species of the genus Aspidosperma have demonstrated antimalarial potential. Thus, this study aimed to perform a phytochemical approach, evaluate the antiplasmodial activity and toxicity in vitro preliminary of the hydroethanolic extract from the bark of A. excelsum, native of the Amazon region, where it is traditionally used to treat various diseases, including malaria. Antiplasmodial activity in vitro of different concentrations of the extract and alkaloidal and methanolic fractions was evaluated in cultures of P. falciparum W2 by the percentage of inhibition of parasitaemia and the mean inhibitory concentration (IC50) was determined at intervals of 24, 48 and 72 h. The cytotoxicity assay of the extract and alkaloidal fraction was carried out on L929 mouse fibroblasts by MTT method and the testing of acute oral toxicity of the extract was carried out according to the Fixed Dose Procedure adopted by the OECD with small modifications. The phytochemical approach revealed the presence of saponins, reducing sugars, phenols and tannins and alkaloids, and these were confirmed in significant amounts in the alkaloidal fraction with chloroform fraction (C2). Through thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography of the extract characterized the presence of the indole alkaloid yohimbine. The extract and fractions showed antiplasmodial activity in vitro. The extract showed the best activity in 24 h (IC50 = 5.2 ± 4.1 μg / mL), indicating a good activity schizonticide. Only C2 alkaloidal fraction showed a small but significant cytotoxicity (concentrations higher than 800 μg/mL). The extract not only cytotoxicity but also did not showed any obvious sign of toxicity in acute oral dose of 5000 mg/mL. The results indicate that the extract of Aspidosperma excelsum Benth presents promising potential antimalarial and deserves more detailed studies on antiplasmodial activity, aiming the isolation of active compounds and elucidation of their mechanisms of action.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ação antimicrobiana do óleo essencial de Piper Aduncum e dilapiol em infecções de pele
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06-25) FERREIRA, Roseane Guimarães; MAIA, José Guilherme Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1034534634988402
Piper aduncum L. is a plant with several biological properties such as antimicrobial activity, which is mainly associated with the action of its essential oil rich in dilapiolle. In recent years, the occurrence of skin infections caused by bacteria and fungi increased considered shape. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of essential oil of P. aduncum (OEPA) and dilapiolle, its major constituent, against pathogenic skin micro-organisms and their attachments. The antimicrobial activity was performed using the microdilution method and Forming Units count Cologne (UFC) for determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), the Bactericidal Concentration Minimum (CBM) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (CFM). These plant compounds were tested against the filamentous fungi dermatophytes (FFD) and not dermatophyte (FFND), gram-positive bacteria and yeast. The results showed Trichophyton mentagrophytes front (ATCC and clinical isolate), MIC values of 500μg.mL-1 for OEPA and dilapiolle and CFM 1500 and 1000 µg.mL-1 , respectively. For clinical isolates of Trichophyton rubrum and Epidermophyton floccosum the MIC values of 500μg.mL-1 and CFM 1500μg.mL-1 , were similar for the two compounds as well as Microsporum canis and Microsporum gypseum with MIC values of 250μg.mL-1 and CFM 500μg.mL-1 . The Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC FFND showed an MIC of 3.9μg.mL-1 and 7.8 μg.mL-1 and the clinical isolate strain MIC of 3.9μg.mL-1 and CFM 15.6 μg.mL-1 for both. However showed no activity against Candida albicans and the yeast bacteria Staphylococcus aureus in the concentrations used.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Acetilbergenina: obtenção e avaliação das atividades antinociceptiva e anti-inflamatória
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-01-22) BORGES, Jaqueline Cibene Moreira; SOUSA, Pergentino José da Cunha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9909053957915090; SANTOS, Lourivaldo da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3232898465948962
Endopleura uchi (Huber) Cuatrec. (Humiriaceae), a Brazilian Amazon plant, commonly known as “uxi”, is used in folk medicine for the treatment of several pathologies, such as arthritis. Bergenin, one of the chemical constituents of E. uchi, has several biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities. In order to obtain a more potent derivative than bergenin it has decided to acetyl this substance. Acetylbergenin was tested in nociception and inflammation models. Bergenin was isolated from the chromatographic fractionation of aqueous extract from stem bark of E. uchi and the acetylbergenin was obtained by acetylation of bergenin. The substances were identified based on spectral analysis of 1H NMR, 13C NMR, DEPT and COSY, and comparison with literature data. For nociception models were carried out the abdominal writhing test, hot plate test and formalin test, while in the inflammation models were carried out the croton oil-induced ear edema, rat paw edema induced by carrageenan and dextran, carragenin-induced peritonitis test. Furthermore, the model of gastric ulcer induced by stress was used to assess the potential ulcerogenic of the substance. In the abdominal writhing test induced by acetic acid 0.6%, acetilbergenin doses of 1, 5, 10, 15 and 25 mg / kg blocked the number of writhing in 28.2%, 52.7%, 61.1 %, 68.3% and 95.0%, respectively, and dose-dependent manner when compared to the control group. The calculated ED50 was 6.8mg/kg. In the hot plate test (55ºC), acetylbergenin (6.8 mg/kg) did not induce alterations in the latency time when compared to the control group. In the formalin test, acetylbergenin (6.8mg/kg) inhibited 88.30% the algic stimulus in the second phase (inflammatory) compared to the control group. Furthermore, naloxone reversed the effect of acetylbergenin the second phase of this test. In the croton oilinduced dermatitis, acetylbergenin (6.8 mg/kg) provoked inhibitory effect in 75.60% in comparison to the control group. In the paw edema induced by carrageenan, acetylbergenin (6.8 mg/kg) was able to reduce the development of edema from the 2nd to the 5th hours compared to the control group. In the paw edema induced by dextran, acetylbergenin (6.8 mg/kg) reduced edema at all times. In carragenininduced peritonitis, acetylbergenin (6.8mg/kg) blocked 70% of the neutrophils number compared to the control group. In the trial of gastric ulcer, acetylbergenin blocked 78.55% in the generation of gastric lesions by stress when compared to indomethacin. The results suggest that acetylbergenin has an antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity which, according to the tests employed, is probably of peripheral origin.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adesão ao tratamento da malária vivax em crianças
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-01) SANTOS, José Alberto Gomes dos; ANDRADE, Marcieni Ataíde de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8514584872100128
Malaria is an infectious disease endemic in 104 countries and vivax malaria accept responsibility for 25 to 40% of the global burden of disease worldwide. The South America has high transmission rates shown by the annual parasite incidence (API) greater than 1% of the population. In recent years it has been observed in Brazil the prevalence of infection with P. vivax. The treatment protocol isased on the combination of chloroquine and primaquine, however, treatment failures have been reported worldwide including in Brazil with adherence as one of the causes. Several factors can interfere in the adherence between them: education, sex, absence of signs and symptoms and socioeconomic profile. This study evaluated the adherence to malaria treatment from determining the profile demographic partner of children with vivax malaria in Anajás and determined the plasma concentrations of chloroquine and primaquine of the study patients. For the profile of the participants was used questionnaire was complete source of information. To measure adherence to treatment was used indirect test Morisky-Green assessing the patient's attitude towards treatment. The plasma concentration of primaquine and its metabolite was made by collecting paper filter venous blood on day D1 and D7 and determined HPLC. The profile of patients showed that most of the children were male, with the primary caregiver mother, education and income were considered low, despite the distribution the use of mosquito nets it is irregular, 92.4% of households have no sewage system, and 33.3% use water from the river for consumption .The indirect test Morisky- Green classified 42 children as adherent and 08 as no adherent The plasma concentration of PQ in D7 adherent and no adherent were related and showed no significant difference, since the CPQ concentrations in D7 Adherent showed statistically significant result, with higher values in adherent patients.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Alterações no comportamento motor e na bioquímica oxidativa de ratas intoxicadas agudamente com etanol no período inicial da adolescência
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-01-30) CERASI JUNIOR, Antonio José; MAIA, Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4835820645258101
Ethanol (EtOH) is one of the most commonly psychoactive substances consumed by young people, usually occurring in episodes of binge consumption, which is an intense form of drinking followed by a period of abstinence. In Brazil, the rates of alcohol abuse by female adolescents have increased in the past few years. This population is more sensitive to the neurotoxic effects of this substance since the complete development of structures such as the cerebellum occurs in this stage of life. Acute and chronic consumption of ethanol and its catabolism are associated with motor behavior alterations so as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other metabolites. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of EtOH exposure following an acute binge pattern in female rats on their early adolescence (n = 20, n = 10 animals per group) received distilled water or EtOH (3 g / kg / day, 20 w / v) by gavage, for 3 consecutive days. Seven and a half hours after the last day of administration, the behavioral tests of spontaneous locomotor activity and rotarod were performed. Subsequently, the animals were sacrificed for cerebellum removal and the oxidative biochemical tests in cerebellar tissue were carried out. Behavioral tests showed that acute binge in rats on early adolescence did not alter spontaneous locomotor activity, but elicited alterations in motor learning. Oxidative biochemical results showed a high activity of catalase, which demonstrates that there was an offset of the body to reverse the ROS production in the cerebellum of adolescent rats acutely exposed to EtOH followed by a withdrawal period (binge).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do remédio artesanal “tintura de pata-de-vaca” tendo a tintura de Bauhinia monandra Kurz como referência
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-17) SILVA, Ana Paula Paiva da; SILVA, Marcos Valério Santos da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0379783635000306; BARBOSA, Wagner Luiz Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1372405563294070
Diabetes mellitus is one of the various pathologies can be controlled with the use of medicinal plants, which exhibit hypoglycemic activity through different mechanisms. In Marudá, Marapanim-PA, the Women's Group "Erva Vida", produces and markets the "Tintura de pata-de-vaca" consumed by tourists and locals to treat diabetes. This remedy is prepared from leaves of Bauhinia monandra Kurz (pata-de-vaca). Different metabolic classes of plant already had a proven hypoglycemic action, for example flavonoids. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the handmade medicine through pharmacobotanic parameters pharmacognostic, phytochemicals and chromatographic in compararação with a tincture of Bauhinia monandra, for the presence of flavonoids. Both the preliminary phytochemical analysis, and the analysis by Thin Layer Chromatography, phenolic metabolites detected, possibly flavonoids in handmade medicine and hydroethanolic extract of plant species. In the analysis by HPLC, it revealed the presence of rutin in handmade medicine as well as in hydroethanolic extract of Bauhinia monandra.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análises cromatográficas por CLAE-DAD, termogravimétricas e morfo-anatômicas de amostras comerciais de Echinodorus macrophyllus (Kunth) Micheli (Chapéu-de-couro)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) FREITAS, Cristian Barbosa de; BORGES, Fernanda Iikiu; BARBOSA, Wagner Luiz Ramos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1372405563294070
For quality control of the commercial sample of Echinodorus macrophyllus were analyzed with botanical, pharmacognostic and physical-chemical properties. To achieve the anatomical cuts was rehydrated, sectioned with steel blade and fixed on slides semi-permanent. The sections were cleared in 20% NaClO and stained with astra blue-to-follow basic fuchsin. In cross section the epidermis is uniseriate with cells of rectangular shapes, heterodimensional, smooth and thin cuticle. For realization of thermogravimetry was used both drugs as solids at a heating rate of 5, 10 and 15 degrees Celsius. The chromatography was performed in HPLC and sample was obtained from column chromatography and eluted by gradient with methanol and acidic water. The palisade tissue consists of two layers of cells. The parenchyma spongy cells have thin walls, heterodimensional, different formats and well-developed intercellular spaces. The vascular bundles are collateral. The leaf is amphistomatic with stomata paracytic. Petiole in cross section, has a triangular to hexagonal. The epidermis is uniseriate with cells of polygonal shape, smooth walls, large amounts of aerenchyma which sometimes occur diaphragms. Samples of the leaf have characteristics of the species E. macrophyllus, but the anatomy of the petiole showed different structures from those described for the species, which belong to the genus Echinodorus, however suggests possible contamination of the material supplied with other plant species. Thermogravimetric analysis contributed significantly to establish parameters and characterize the sample.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade antibacteriana de plantas medicinais frente á bactérias multirresistentes e a sua interação com drogas antimicrobianas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-08-28) SARAIVA, Rosa Márcia Corrêa; VIEIRA, José Maria dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6807452375674442
Infection control of the multidrug-resistant microorganisms sometimes is ineffective even with the development of new antibiotics. Many herbal extracts have antimicrobial effects and may represent an alternative therapy for infectious diseases, mainly when associated with antibiotics of clinical use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of medicinal plants in multidrug-resistant microorganisms and their interaction with antimicrobial agents. We evaluate the antibacterial activity of plant extracts and fractions of Eleutherine plicata (“marupazinho”) Geissospermum vellosii (“pau-pereira”) and Portulaca pilosa (“amor-crescido”) against isolates of Oxacillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA) and multi-resistant bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, from human clinical isolates. Also we evaluate interaction of these plant extracts with antimicrobial agents of clinical use. The antibacterial activity was determined by disk diffusion on Mueller Hinton agar and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) by micro dilution plate technique using Muller Hinton broth as culture medium and 0.01% resazurin as a developer of bacterial growth. The extracts and fractions were tested at concentrations of 500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.2 and 16.2 μg/mL dissolved in 10% DMSO. Plants E. plicata and G. vellosii demonstrated activity against ORSA isolates with MICs of 125 μg/mL, whereas P. pilosa had an effect on the isolates of P. aeruginosa with MIC of 250 μg/mL. There were 25% of synergism and only 5% of antagonism of all 120 plant and antimicrobial agents interaction tested. ORSA isolates had synergistic interaction with ciprofloxacin, clindamycin and vancomycin agents and with both plant derivatives of E. plicata and G. vellosii. The derivatives of P. pilosa potentiated the action of the aztreonam, cefepime and piperacillin + tazobactam agents compared to the isolates of P. aeruginosa multidrug-resistant. The results shows therapeutic potential of E. plicata, G. vellosii and P. pilosa in the control of bacterial infections involving multidrug-resistant phenotype (MDR) and its interaction with antibacterial agents may represent a new alternative in the therapy of these infections.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade antibacteriana, antioxidante e citotóxica in vitro do extrato etanólico da entrecasca da planta Ouratea hexasperma (EEEOH) (A. St-Hil.) Baill var. Planchonii Engl
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-09-17) COSTA, Glauber Vilhena da; MONTEIRO, Marta Chagas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6710783324317390
Ouratea hexasperma (Ochnacea), popularly known as "cerrado barbatimão" is a very common plant in the brazilian cerrado region and has been used for the treatment of microbial infections and inflammation. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activities, quantifying total flavonoid content (TFT), antibacterial and cytotoxicity of ethanol extract of the bark of Ouratea hexasperma (EEBOH) as well as perform their phytochemical characterization. The plant was collected in the state of Amapá, and then was held extraction of dry bark through the cold maceration with 96% ethanol solution in a 2: 8 (w/v) for 1 day, forming the EEBOH. The phytochemical characterization was performed by testing chromatic/precipitation tube and flavonoid content was measured by assay complexation with aluminum using quercetin as standard (40-0,62μg/mL), and the total antioxidant capacity by the spectrophotometric method discoloration radical ABTS•+ (2,2'azino-bis-3-etilbenzotiazolin 6-sulfonic acid) - TEAC. The antimicrobial activity of EEBOH was tested against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, using the microdilution techniques broth with staining by resazurin, to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and grown in petri dish with subsequent count of colony forming units (CFU) for obtaining the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). The evaluation of the cytotoxicity of EEEOH human peripheral blood leukocytes. Mononuclear peripheral blood cells incubated with different concentrations of the extract and without stimulation (negative control). The cytotoxicity of EEEOH were tested using human peripheral blood leukocyte, mononuclear cells, with different extract concentrations and without stimulation (negative control), and incubated and maintained at 37 ° C, 98% humidity and 5% CO2 for 24 hours, NO and MDA were read in an ELISA spectrophotometer and different optical readings. The primary EEBOH phytochemical analysis showed the presence of tannins, saponins and flavonoids. The TFT in the extract was 1467 ± 264μg equivalents quercetin/g EEBOH. The antioxidant capacity by TEAC method showed high antioxidant activity, with no difference in antioxidant capacity (TEAC) between those concentrations of the extract. The EEBOH showed good antibacterial activity, mainly against gram-positive bacteria. The cytotoxicity was obtained by linear regression concentration able to kill 50% of cells (CC 50%) whose amount was 2231,5mg/mL, confirming that the crude extract has low cytotoxicity against human leukocytes, under the conditions tested. In the production of NO and MDA it found that the EEOC was not able to induce NO production of the concentrations tested. As well, no increase MDA of concentration induces changes when compared to the negative control (RPMI), confirming the low in vitro cytotoxicity of the extract. Statistical analyzes were performed by ANOVA one way and Turkey. In concluded that the EEBOH have antibacterial, antioxidant and low cytotoxicity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade anticolinesterásica dos óleos essenciais e componentes majoritários de Piper spp e Aniba canelilla e docagem molecular do 1-nitro-2-feniletano
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-05-28) SILVA, Nayla Nunes dos Santos; ANDRADE, Eloisa Helena de Aguiar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3827055876022373; MAIA, José Guilherme Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1034534634988402
Currently, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is considered a significant public health problem worldwide and the major complication of the disease is the deficit of cholinergic neuron activity, a fact that can be reversed and/or mitigated by raising levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh). The most effective way to increase the available amount of acetylcholine is the inhibition of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE). In the search for new natural cholinesterasic inhibitors, the essential oils and major components of five aromatic plants occurring in the Amazon region were investigated using the AChE inhibition test by direct bioautography. The oils and major components were obtained from Aniba canelilla (1-nitro-2-phenylethane), P. aduncum (dillapiole), P. callosum (safrole), P. divaricatum (methyleugenol) and P. marginatum (safrole+3,4-methylenedioxipropiophenone). The oils of A. canelilla and P. aduncum showed enzyme inhibition zone in amounts of 0.01 ng and 1ng, respectively. The oil of P.marginatum showed weak activity (~ 100 ng) and the oils of P. callosum and P. divaricatum were inactive. Among the major constituents, who showed activity are the phenylpropanoids 1-nitro-2-phenylethane, isolated from the oil of A. canelilla, and safrole and elemicin, isolated from the oil of P. callosum, which inhibited the AChE in amounts of 0.01, 1000 to 1000 ng, respectively. The results indicate that the oil of A. canelilla and 1-nitro-2-phenylethane inhibited AChE in the same proportion as the pattern physostigmine. The molecular docking study was added to the experimental results, showing that the nitro group of 1-nitro-2-phenylethane can establish hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl group of the serine residue existing in the catalytic AChE molecule, suggesting that the electronegative character of 1-nitro-2-phenylethane may be responsible for this strong chemical interaction.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade antifúngica da nimesulida isolada ou em associação com a terbinafina contra fungos dermatófitos e seu provável mecanismo de ação in vitro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015) MATOS, Rafaelle Fonseca de; MONTEIRO, Marta Chagas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6710783324317390
The dermatophytes has shown resistance to current antifungal agents such as Terbinafine, and this has led to research into new compounds as an alternative therapy. Thus, this study evaluated the action of non-steroidal antiinflamatory (NSAIDs) Nimesulide isolated and combined with Terbinafine against dermatophytes, dependence on Prostaglandins this mechanism of action and the effect of Nimesulide in the production of urease and fungal viability. The tests based were on CLSI, clinical and laboratory standards institute - reference method for microdilution test ground for antifungal susceptibility against filamentous fungi (M38-A standard). For clinical isolates of the species Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Epidermophyton floccosum and Microsporum canis, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) varied in the range> 400 ug / ml -> 0.112 g / ml. However, the results showed that the concentration of 0.002 mg / ml of Nimesulide was able to inhibit the growth of T. mentagrophytes ATCC 9533 and the concentration of 0.008 mg / ml was fungicidal for the same strain. Same values were find for Terbinafine on this strain. The inhibition of fungal growth by Nimesulide was reverse with application of exogenous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). The urease test showed that T. mentagrophytes ATCC 9533 produces the enzyme, but no inhibition of fungal viability. In the nimesulide / Terbinafine association inhibition occurred in a ratio of 9: 1, or 0.0002 g / ml of Terbinafine and 0.0018 ug / ml of Nimesulide inhibited fungal growth but this result was the indifferent Fractional inhibition index. Nimesulide showed antifungal activity against dermatophytes in low concentrations, but other studies must be performed with the aid of molecular modeling to improve the targeting compound.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade antimicrobiana do óleo essencial de Piper aduncum L. e seu componente, dilapiol, frente a Staphylococcus spp. multirresistentes
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-08-31) BRAZÃO, Maria Angélica Bolini; MONTEIRO, Marta Chagas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6710783324317390
The essential oil of Piper aduncum (EPO) and its main component, the dilapiol (76.5%), were evaluated for antibacterial activity against different strains of Staphylococcus spp. ATCC and multiresistant. For testing the antibacterial activity of EPO and dilapiol were determined Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), the technique of microdilution and by counting Colony Forming Units (CFU) using concentrations of 250, 500 , 750 and 1000 μg/ml of EPO and concentrations of 100 and 1000 μg/ml dilapiol. The bacterial inoculum used was adjusted to 1x104 range from 0.5 Mc Farland. As a negative control inoculum was used along with Tween 20, solubilising the essential oil and dilapiol, and as positive control we used the chloramphenicol 0.05 mg/mL. These compounds were tested against strains of S. aureus ATCC 25923, S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, MRSA hospital, and S.epidermidis, S. lentus multiresistant nosocomial. The results showed that the EPO showed the MIC 90% of 500 μg/mL and MBC of 1000 μg/mL against S. aureus ATCC 25923, whose concentration of 500 μg/mL was able to inhibit 60% of bacterial growth. The strain MRSA, the EPO showed a small inhibition (10%) at a concentration of 750 μg/mL, being obtained in the MIC90% 1000 μg/mL. In S. epidermidis ATCC 12228, the OEPA showed antimicrobial activity with MIC90% at 500 μg/mL and MBC at 750 μg/mL. For the strain S. epidermidis multiresistant, the PEO was able to inhibit only 35% growth of this strain at a concentration of 750 μg/mL, but the value obtained in the MIC90% 1000 mg/mL. As for dilapiol, the compound showed antimicrobial activity against a strain of S. aureus ATCC 25923 at a concentration of 1000 μg/mL, 100% growth inhibiting (CBM). On the other hand, had no antimicrobial effect on MRSA strain nor S. lentus multiresistant. Furthermore, the dilapiol inhibited only 20% of the growth of S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 and S. epidermidis multiresistant concentration of 1000 μg/mL. Thus, the data show a moderate antibacterial activity of the essential oil, and the dilapiol showed weak in vitro antimicrobial activity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade antimicrobiana, antioxidante e imunomoduladora de Agaricus brasiliensis e Ilex paraguariensis in vitro e em modelo de sepse murino
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-09-15) NAVEGANTES, Kely Campos; MONTEIRO, Marta Chagas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6710783324317390
Sepsis is an organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated immune response to an infection, the initial therapeutic approach to sepsis are broad spectrum antimicrobials, which is not sufficient for control of infection, requiring association with other therapies. Thus, Ilex paraguariensis where to be a potent antimicrobial, antioxidant and Agaricus brasiliensis has immunomodulatory properties could be a new source of therapy. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect, antioxidant and immunomodulatory in vitro and in vivo of the extracts. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial activity of aqueous extracts from A.brasiliensis and I. paraguariensis against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by the method of microdilution and by spectophotometry for determination of minimum inhibitory concentration and cultivation technique on petri dish for minimum bactericidal concentration, cytotoxicity in macrophages was evaluated, nitric oxide (NO) production, proliferation, phagocytosis, equivalent antioxidant capacity to Trolox (TEAC) and determination of the total antioxidant activity by capturing the free radical and reactive species production oxygen (ROS). In the swiss mice with induced sepsis were pretreated with aqueous extracts of A.brasiliensis and I. paraguariensis, after 12 and 24 hours collected their samples and evaluated the survival, leukocyte migration, hemogram, bacterial load, NO production, malondialdehyde (MDA), TEAC and ex vivo we evaluated phagocytic capacity and release of ROS. The A.brasiliensis showed no antimicrobial activity in vitro, remained viable cells reduced the phagocytic capacity, increased NO, but in the presence of LPS reduced, showed proliferative effect, but in the presence of mitogen had antiproliferative effect and has a strong antioxidant activity and capacity to sequester radicals in vitro. I.paraguariensis presented antimicrobial activity as well as cytotoxic effect induced phagocytic capacity increased NO, but in the presence of LPS reduced, had proliferative effect, antioxidant activity and capacity to sequester radicals in vitro. In vivo model of sepsis, both increased the survival of animals, A.brasiliensis reduced leukocyte influx while Ilex increased, only A.brasiliensis had hemogram similar to sham, both extracts reduced bacterial load and levels decreased NO, MDA and increased antioxidant levels in the tissues, in addition, both reduced the production of both extracts present ERO. Although excellent in vitro results, the aqueous extract from A.brasiliensis was found to be most promising as an adjuvant therapy in sepsis that I. paraguariensis due to its high antimicrobial activity, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory in vivo.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade antitumoral em células de câncer gástrico e atividade antioxidante de extratos de Eugenia patrisii vahl
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-09-09) REIS, Herald Souza dos; AMARANTE, Cristine Bastos do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4101983776191966; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-8602-8180; PRADO, Alejandro Ferraz do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7016475842644161; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-7495-9837
Several antineoplastic drugs are natural origin or from derived compounds and plants are one of the primary sources of substances for this sort of drugs. Studies with Myrtaceae family plants, demonstrated several effects such as anticancer and antioxidant. A plant in this family that may have biological activities is Eugenia patrisii Vahl, popularly known as Ubaia-rubi-da-amazônia, a plant native to the Amazon Region. Therefore, the work objective was to evaluate the antitumor and antioxidant activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaf and stem of the E. patrisii species. The chemical profile of the extracts was done using thin layer chromatography. The antioxidant activity was assessed by the DPPH test. For antitumor activity, a cell viability test was performed using the MTT method on gastric cancer lines (ACP02, ACP03 and AGP01) and normal lines (VERO and MN01). Gel zymography was also performed to assess the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9. The data obtained were analyzed using the Graph Pad Prism program version 8.0. The tests used were variance analysis (ANOVA) and Test t Student, with p <0.05 being considered significant. The plates derived from thin layer chromatography showed presence of terpenes, flavonoids, phenolic compounds and absence of coumarins and alkaloids. The extracts were shown to have antioxidant capacity through the DPPH assay. In the cell viability test, the extracts showed a high potency against gastric tumor lines and did not affect the normal line. In addition, the leaf extract decreased MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity in gel. The extracts have terpenes, flavonoids and phenolic compounds that have an antioxidant activity of 82% compared to the standard and antitumor against gastric lines ACP03 and AGP01 with the potential to isolate compounds of pharmacological interest.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade imunomoduladora e antioxidante da saliva do Aedes aegypti em modelo de sepse
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-07-04) GOMES, Rafaelli de Souza; MONTEIRO, Marta Chagas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6710783324317390
Sepsis is an organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated immune response to an infection, the initial therapeutic approach to sepsis are broad spectrum antimicrobials, which is not sufficient for control of infection, requiring association with other therapies focused in the interruption of the inflammatory response chain, provided by the pathogens. In this way, the Aedes Aegypti’s saliva presents immunomodulary features, with a potential pro inflammatory cytokine inhibition, as well as the presence of nitric oxide peptides activators. Therefore, it would be a great interest to search the saliva’s immunomodulator effect in animal model sepses. In this regards, mices were pre treated with Aedes aegypti saliva, and sepsis was induced by the cecal ligation and puncture. After 12 and 24 hours, the samples were collected, and evaluated the survival rate, bacteria level, leukocyte migration, and oxidative parameters (NO, EROs, MDA e TEAC). The saliva improved the animal prognostic, increasing the survival rate and weight. Furthermore, decreased the bacterial levels and increased the influx of monocytes. The saliva, in addition, presented antioxidant effects by reducing production of the reatives species, and increasing the antioxidant capacity, other than decrease the lipid peroxidation. Thus, the saliva was capable to inhibit damages caused by sepsis in animals in vivo, improving its prognostic.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividades antimicrobiana e antipromastigota de extratos e frações de Virola surinamensis (Rol ex Rottb.) Warb (Myristicaceae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-09-13) SARAIVA, Maria Elinete Veras; DOLABELA, Maria Fâni; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0458080121943649; SANTOS, Lourivaldo da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3232898465948962
The present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of extracts and antipromastigota V. surinamensis and its fractions. To obtain the extracts have been used increasingly polar solvents (hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol) and the ethyl acetate extract was fractionated into open column chromatography, using as stationary phase silica gel and eluents such as mixtures of hexane and ethyl acetate gradient increasing polarity. To evaluate the antimicrobial activity was used in agar diffusion test being used the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The active fraction was subjected to microdilution, which determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In assessing the activity antipromastigota used the Leishmania amazonensis and L. chagasi, being determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50). Extracts hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol were subjected to agar diffusion test, and there were no inhibitions of bacterial and fungal growth. Just FA3 ethyl acetate fraction obtained from the ethyl acetate extract inhibited the growth of S. aureus in the agar diffusion test. But in this fraction microdilution proved inactive (MIC> 1000μg / mL). Only the hexane extract was active in promastigote forms of L. amazonensis and L.chagasi. In short, only the hexane extract was active in promastigote forms of Leishmania.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação antifungica, farmacognóstica e toxicológica sazonal de Petiveria alliacea L. (Phytolaccaceae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-12-20) OLIVEIRA, Fábio Rodrigues de; GONÇALVES, Ana Cristina Baetas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6886126078022769; ANDRADE, Marcieni Ataíde de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8514584872100128
The study of medicinal plants raised great scientific interest, mainly due to them being considered as potential sources of bioactive molecules with differentiated structure and new mechanism of action. The importance of research focused on the discovery and production of new herbal medicines should be the great contribution they have presented before diverse pathologies. The species Petiveria alliacea is a medicinal plant widely used by the population of the Amazon region and stands out for presenting various claims and still use some classes of metabolites with proven therapeutic actions. This study aimed to evaluate seasonal pharmacognostical parameters, antifungal potential of the extracts produced at different sampling times on Aspergillus species and toxicity of these in vitro and in vivo. In the evaluation of seasonal Pharmacognostical, P. alliacea, using Brazilian Pharmacopeia methods the results demonstrated reproducible parameters for quality control of the plant drug, there was no difference in the presence of the chemical constituents of hydroalcoholic and dust, revealing the presence of saponins, alkaloids and sugars across the plant and root extracts and only sesquiterpenolactones depsides. The results of microdilution method performed with extracts from the roots of two periods, showed weak antifungal activity in vitro, but did not observe any effect of extracts of the aerial parts. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT colorimetric method, showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of the root of the two periods did not reduce cell viability in any of the concentrations tested, and was any signs of acute toxicity of the extract at a dose of 5000 mg/kg in mice. These data are considered relevant and the current study showed that P. alliacea is a promising medicinal species, but further investigations are required for its various allegations are confirmed and usage for the plant to be used in developing a new phytotherapeutic agent.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação biológica dos extratos obtidos das sementes de Vatairea guianensis (Aublet).
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-03-28) SILVA, Cléia Tereza Lamarão da; SOUSA, Pergentino José da Cunha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9909053957915090; CARVALHO, José Carlos Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4251174810000113
Medicinal plants are widely used and culturally in the amazon to treat various diseases.Much of these plants has not been scientifically invesgated especially on the aspects related to biological activitie.The species selected in this work is Vatairea guianensis, used in traditional medicine to treat skin infections such as cutaneous mycoses. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity in vitro of hydroethanolic extract, hexane, chloroform and methanol Vatairea guianensis seeds by microdilution method for obtaining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterecoccus faecalis) and Gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella sp). The study also evaluated the healing activity on open wounds in rats by topical aplication of the hydroethanolic extract, represented by G1 positive control (fibrinase), G2 negative control (saline) and experimental groups( G3 dose 500mg/kg, G4 250mg/kg,G5 100mg/kg) for seven days and the acute oral toxicity. Histological analysis of the healing process was evaluated by means of conventional technique including color HE and Picrossirius for observation of the inflammatory reaction histomorphological characteristics and descriptive analysis of collagen deposition, respectively. All extracts showed antibacterial activity against all tested microorganisms with an MIC ranging from 3,12μg/mL to 50μg/mL and MBC values 6,25μg/mL to 100μg/mL. In histological analysis, the hidroethanolic extract decreased the intensity of inflammation in the groups G1 and G3, stimulates the synthesis of collagen type III em G1, G3 and G4 and increased collagen synthesis in G2 and G5. The experiment with the hydroethanolic extract obtained from seeds of Vatairea guianensis appeared to slow down the healing process effect by preventing the formation of hypertrophic scar, suggesting a modulatory effect by extract. The acute toxicity evaluation in mouse revealed that the hydroethanlic extract showed low toxicity by the oral proceedings.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da adesão à terapia medicamentosa em hipertensos de unidades de saúde do distrito DAGUA no município de Belém-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-08-30) SOUSA, Patrick Luis Cruz de; SILVA, Marcos Valério Santos da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0379783635000306; ANDRADE, Marcieni Ataíde de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8514584872100128
Adherence to pharmacotherapy in several chronic diseases, especially hypertension (SH), has great importance for the prevention, reduction and control of diseases and complications, thus reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Evaluate the modifiable and non-modifiable factors that contribute to a better adherence to medication in patients DAGUA district in Belém-PA, can serve as the basis for qualification of pharmaceutical care, clinical management, public politics, actions and plans in services public health in order to improve patient compliance. We conducted a descriptive transversal observational and quantitative analysis with a random sample of 227 patients enrolled in the program HIPERDIA, from March 2010 to August 2011, where we assessed the knowledge and the degree of adherence to drug therapy using the tests Morisky and Green (TMG) and the Batalla test relating to socioeconomic, lifestyle, and esquipe health service and patient-related factors. The study population was characterized predominantly by women (69.5%) aged above 60 years (44.5%), mixed race (48%), married (44.9%), retired (43.6%) and with low educational level, being (55.1%) with incomplete primary education. Of the total persons (63.46%) had uncontrolled blood pressure. Not adhere to treatment (66.9%) according to test Morisky and Green (72.38%) by the test Batalla.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da adesão ao tratamento com alfadornase em pacientes com fibrose cística
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017) FEITOSA, Keith Brabo Tavares; MARTINS, Valéria de Carvalho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1904927472781784; ANDRADE, Marcieni Ataíde de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8514584872100128
Cystic Fibrosis is an inherited disease, clinically manifested by digestive and respiratory symptoms. The early diagnosis offers the possibility of a better therapeutic control of the disease’s symptoms in favor of the prognosis and contributing to increasing quality of life. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the patient's behavior towards the disease and to evaluate the adherence to the treatment with the alfadornase enzyme. A cross-sectional study was carried out using epidemiological data collected through direct interviews with patients and/or their caregivers and by medical records analysis. Morisky-Green and Batalla Martinez tests were employed in order to evaluate the patient’s adhesion and knowledge of the disease, respectively. In addition, the clinical profile was assayed by Shwachman-Kulczyki score. Fifty-one (51) patients with cystic fibrosis in treatment with alfadornase were recruited at the outpatient clinic of the Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto. At final, forty-seven (47) patients participated in the study. Most of the patients (53.2%) were under 18 years of age, male (56.6%) and were from countryside (40.4%). Patients with long term use of alfadornase (> 5 years) show possess greater adherence than the others with a shorter treatment period. The male sex was associated with higher adherence, as well as greater education level and family income. The Batalla Martinez test demonstrates that only 40.42% of patients had some knowledgement about their disease. Thus, the factors associated with low adherence were: use of more than five medications, low education and gender. On the other way, these results shows that adherence to the medication was associated with the best clinical score.