Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas - FBIO/IECOS

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2253

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Acute toxicity of sodium metabisulphite on mangrove crab Ucides cordatus (Decapoda, Ucididae)
(2012-12) PEDALE, Adriana Batista; FUJIMOTO, Rodrigo Yudi; SANTOS, Rudã Fernandes Brandão; ABRUNHOSA, Fernando Araujo
The sodium metabisulphite salt is usually used in shrimp culture to prevent black spot. Unfortunately the toxicological effect of this xenobiotic in decapod crabs is unknown. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the sodium metabisulphite LC50 - 96 h in the mangrove species Ucides cordatus. Crabs were collected in the tidal creek margins in Bragança estuarine and were submitted to preliminary test (screening) and posterior definitive test. Crabs were exposed in five different concentrations and a control group in five replicates, two crabs per recipient (5 L) during 96 hours. A negative correlation was observed to sodium metabisulphite concentration in relation to dissolved oxygen and pH. At the end of the experiment were obtained the following mortality index in relation to sodium metabisulphite concentrations: 100% in 86.0 mg.L-1, 74% in 62.0 mg.L-1, 52% in 52.0 mg.L-1, 44% in 38.0 mg.L-1. The value of LC50 - 96 h for U. cordatus was determinate at 42.58 mg.L-1/Na2S2O5. The results strongly indicate that sodium metabisulphite is toxic for U. cordatus, and this crab could be used for biomonitoring the environmental impact.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aspleniaceae (Polypodiopsida) do corredor de biodiversidade do norte do Pará, Brasil: um fragmento do Centro de Endemismo Guiana
(2012-06) GÓES NETO, Luiz Armando de Araújo; PIETROBOM, Marcio Roberto
This paper is part of a series that will treat the lycophyte and fern species of the Northern Pará Biodiversity Corridor, and is part of the project "Diagnóstico da Biodiversidade das Unidades de Conservação Estaduais do Mosaico Calha Norte, Estado do Pará". Aspleniaceae are treated in this article, and an identification key, illustrations, geographic distributions, brief descriptions, and taxonomic comments are provided. There are eight species of Aspleniaceae in this region (Asplenium angustum Sw., A. auritum Sw., A. cruegeri Hieron., A. delitescens (Maxon) L.D. Gómez, A. juglandifolium Lam., A. salicifolium L., A. serratum L. and A. stuebelianum Hieron.). The majority of the species are epiphytes that grow on decaying trunks inside the forest. For this family, the registered species correspond to 35% of the species in the Brazilian Amazon, and 40% of species in Pará State.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Can Lutjanus purpureus (South red snapper) be "legally" considered a red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus)?
(2008) GOMES, Grazielle Fernanda Evangelista; SCHNEIDER, Horacio; SOUZA, Marcelo Nazareno Vallinoto de; SILVA, Simoni Santos da; ORTI, Guillermo; SAMPAIO, Maria Iracilda da Cunha
Red snappers (Lutjanus purpureus in Brazil and Lutjanus campechanus in USA and Gulf of Mexico) are both under clear effect of overfishing. Because of their high morphological similarity it has already been suggested that they could possibly be considered as a single species. To investigate the degree of similarity and the genetic structure of red snapper populations we constructed a common dataset of partial D-loop mtDNA sequences of L. purpureus from Brazil (Amapá, Pará and Maranhão) and L. campechanus from the Atlantic coast of the USA (Florida, Louisiana and Mississippi). Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses surprisingly depicted high similarity between L. campechanus and L. purpureus, compatible with the hypothesis of a single species of red snapper for the Western Atlantic Ocean. These preliminary but very curious findings open an important discussion regarding the legislation involved on the capture of this overexploited fish resources as well as regarding their taxonomy.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização quali-quantitativa do fitoplâncton da zona de arrebentação de uma praia amazônica
(Sociedade Botânica do Brasil, 2012-12) QUEIROZ, Jislene Brito Matos; SILVA, Nayra Iris Sozinho da; PEREIRA, Luci Cajueiro Carneiro; COSTA, Rauquírio André Albuquerque Marinho da
The structure of the phytoplankton community of Princesa beach (Maiandeua island) was investigated during a nyctemeral cycle in the months of November/08, March/09, June/09 and September/09 to verify the effects of certain environmental variables on this community. The microphytoplankton of Princesa beach was represented by 98 taxa with the dominance of the diatoms, which were followed by the dinoflagellates and cyanophytes. The qualitative study revealed that Coscinodiscus perforatus Ehrenberg was abundant in March (45.6%) and June (45.1%), whereas in the quantitative analysis Dimeregramma minor (Gregory) Ralfs was dominant, mainly in November/08 (82.0%) and September/09 (83.0%). Biomass (chlorophyll-a content) was significantly higher in March/08 (U= 0.0; p <0.05). The average total phytoplankton density was significantly higher during the rainy period (F= 6.2; p< 0.05), mainly in June (1,223 ±110 x 103 cell L-1). K-dominance curves showed a gradual decrease in diversity along the dry period. Non-Metric Mul
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comparative morphology of the first zoea of twelve brachyuran species (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Amazon region
(2013-06) SOUZA, Adelson Silva de; COSTA, Rauquírio André Albuquerque Marinho da; ABRUNHOSA, Fernando Araujo
The laboratory-hatched first zoeal stage of twelve brachyuran species collected in the estuarine area of the Caeté River in the Amazonian region are described and illustrated in the present study: P. americanus Saussure, 1857, Eurytium limosum (Say, 1818), Sesarma curacaoense De Man, 1892, S. rectum Randall, 1840, Armases rubripes (Rathbun, 1897), Aratus pisonii (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), Ocypode quadrata (Fabricius, 1787), Uca rapax (Smith, 1870), U. maracoani (Latreille, 1802), U. thayeri Rathbun, 1900, Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) and Pachygrapsus gracilis (Saussure, 1858). Through intraspecific comparisons of the respective larval stage, an identification key was generated and provided. Most of the studied species presented morphological differences (e.g. type and presence or absence of setae) when compared to the same species previously described in the literature.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Crescimento de mudas de mangue sob diferentes níveis de sombreamento na península de Ajuruteua, Bragança, Pará
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2013-09) LOPES, Elaine Cristina; ARAÚJO, Erneida Coelho de; COSTA, Rejane Silva da; DAHER, Rogerio Figueiredo; FERNANDES, Marcus Emanuel Barroncas
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of different levels of shading on the development of seedlings of three mangrove species (Avicennia germinans (L.) Stearn., Rhizophora mangle L. and Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn. f.). The experiment was conducted at the community of Tamatateua, Ajuruteua peninsula, Bragança, PA, Brazil. For seedling production, the propagules and seeds of the mangrove species were planted in polyethylene bags (17 x 27 cm), filled with a typical mangrove substrate. The seedlings of the three species were grown under full sun (0), 30% and 60% shading, in a completely randomized design, a 3 x 3 factorial (three species and three shading levels), with eight seedlings per replication. After nine months under shading, plant samples were taken. The variables evaluated were: the shoot/height ratio, stem diameter, shoot dry matter, stem mass, root dry matter, total dry mass matter and morphological indices. Growth of seedlings of R. mangle occurred at all light levels. Seedlings of A. germinans grew faster at full sun and at 30% shading. Whereas, seedlings of L. racemosa were able to grow at 30 and 60% shading, but they also grew faster at full sunlight.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cyatheales (Polypodiopsida) do Corredor de Biodiversidade do Norte do Pará, Brasil
(2014-09) GÓES NETO, Luiz Armando de Araújo; PIETROBOM, Marcio Roberto
This paper is part of a series where the lycophyte and fern species of the Biodiversity Corridor ofnorthern Pará State are presented, produced under the project "Diagnóstico da Biodiversidade das Unidades de ConservaçãoEstaduais do Mosaico Calha Norte, Estado do Pará". In this manuscript the taxonomic treatment of Cyatheales is presented with identification keys, illustrations, distribution, descriptions, and comments to the studied taxa. Two families (Cyatheaceae and Metaxyaceae), three genera (Cnemidaria, Cyathea, and Metaxya), eight species, and one variety are registered. Cyathea is the most representative genus with seven species.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cytogenetic and DNA barcoding reveals high divergence within the trahira, Hoplias malabaricus (Characiformes: Erythrinidae) from the lower Amazon River
(2013-06) MARQUES, Diego Ferreira; SANTOS, Fabíola Araújo dos; SILVA, Simoni Santos da; SAMPAIO, Maria Iracilda da Cunha; RODRIGUES, Luis Reginaldo Ribeiro
Molecular and cytogenetic data have provided evidence of cryptic speciation in the widespread South American trahira, Hoplias malabaricus. In the present study, karyotypes and DNA barcode sequences of specimens from seven populations inhabiting the lower Amazon River were analyzed in order to characterize the levels of genetic divergence within a single karyomorph. All the specimens presented karyotypes with 2n = 40 chromosomes (20m+20sm) that were consistent with the species' C karyomorph. The DNA barcodes revealed six haplogroups, with clear divergence between populations from Brazil and Argentina. The results support the species complex hypothesis and indicate that a single karyomorph of H. malabaricus may harbor more than one species.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Development and functional morphology of the foreguts of larvae and postlarvae of three crustacean decapods
(2008-02) ABRUNHOSA, Fernando Araujo; MELO, Marlon Aguiar
The development of the foregut structure and the digestive function of the decapods Litopenaeus vannamei, Sesarma rectum and Callichirus major larvae and post larvae were examined. The protozoeal foregut of L. vannamei is simple, lacking a cardiopyloric valve and bearing a rudimentary filter press. In mysis, the filter press is more developed. In the juvenile stage, grooves and a small lateral tooth arise. In S. rectum, the foregut has a functional cardiopyloric valve and a filter press. The megalopal and juvenile stages of this species have a gastric mill similar to those in adult crabs. In C. major, the foregut of the zoeae is specialized, with the appearance of some rigid structures, but no gastric mill was found. Calcified structures are observed in the megalopae and they become more developed in the juvenile stage. The results support suppositions, previously reported in other studies, that feeding behavior of each larval and postlarval stage is directly related to the morphological characteristics of the foreguts.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Development and functional morphology of the larval foregut of two brachyuran species from Northern Brazil
(2011-12) ABRUNHOSA, Fernando Araujo; SIMITH, Darlan de Jesus de Brito; MONTEIRO, Joely Raquel Costa; SOUZA JUNIOR, Antonio Nivaldo de; OLIVA, Pedro Andrés Chira
Feeding is an important factor for the successful rearing of larvae of the crab species. Further information on the morphological features of the foregut may to reveal larval feeding behaviour and or/whether there is a lecithotrophy in some or even in all stages of the larval cycle. In the present study, the structural development of the foregut and their digestive functions were examined in larvae of two brachyurans, Uca vocator and Panopeus occidentalis, reared in the laboratory. During larval development, the foreguts of the larvae in the first and last zoeal stages and in the megalopa stage were microscopically examined, described and illustrated. The zoeal foreguts of both species were well developed, showing specialization with a functional cardiopyloric valve and a filter press. The megalopa stage had a complex and specialized gastric mill similar to that found in adult crabs with the appearance of rigidly calcified structures. These results support the hypothesis that the feeding behaviour of each larval stage is directly related to the morphological structure of the foregut. Such facts strongly indicate that all larval stages of both . vocator and P occidentalis need an external food source before completing the larval development in a planktonic environment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Developmental morphology of mouthparts and foregut of the larvae and postlarvae of Lepidophthalmus siriboia Felder & Rodrigues, 1993 (Decapoda: Callianassidae)
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2006) ABRUNHOSA, Fernando Araujo; MELO, Marlon Aguiar; LIMA, Jô de Farias; ABRUNHOSA, Jacqueline Pompeu
In this study, the gross morphology of the mouthparts and foregut of the ghost shrimp Lepidophthalmus siriboia were investigated from larvae and postlarvae reared in the laboratory. The mouthparts (maxillae and maxillipeds) of the zoeae have a reduced number of setae and spines (or is absent in some individuals), and the foregut, under developed, have few minute setae in the cardiac and pyloric chambers. In contrast, after the metamorphosis into megalopa stage, all feeding appendages have many setae and, the foregut shows a well-developed gastric mill with strong lateral teeth. In the juvenile stage occurs an increase of setae and spines in the mouthparts and the foregut becomes more specialized. These observations strongly suggest that a lecithotrophic development occurs during all zoeal stages but the megalopa and juvenile stages are feeding animals. The functional morphology of the feeding structures of L. siriboia and other decapods will be briefly discussed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dieta de Micoureus demerarae (Thomas) (Mammalia, Didelphidae) associada às florestas contíguas de mangue e terra firme em Bragança, Pará, Brasil
(2006-12) FERNANDES, Marcus Emanuel Barroncas; ANDRADE, Fernanda Atanaena Gonçalves de; SILVA JÚNIOR, José de Sousa e
The diet of Micoureus demerarae (Thomas, 1905) was studied in mangrove and terra firme stands by using stomachal and faecal samples. The number of captured individuals was inversely proportional to availability of fruits and insects, being Coleoptera and Hemiptera the most consumed arthropod orders and Passifloraceae and Arecaceae the most ingested fruits. Thus, either fruits variability or their high yield during the dry season seem to explain the increase of captured animals in the terra firme stands, where they originally come from. The food items suggest that this species has an omnivorous diet, independently of the seasonality or distribution of available resources.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Early larval development in the laboratory of Alpheus estuariensis (Crustacea: Caridea) from the Amazon Region
(2008-06) PIRES, Marcus Alexandre Borges; ABRUNHOSA, Fernando Araujo; MACIEL, Cristiana Ramalho
Here we describe and illustrate in detail four early zoeal stages of Alpheus estuariensis Christoffersen, 1984 from larvae reared in the laboratory. Two ovigerous females were collected in the tidal creek of the Bragança estuary, state of Pará, northeastern Brazil. After hatching, the larvae were placed in small containers (with 10 larvae in each). Females were deposited in the Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi (MPEG 0803) and the larvae of each larval stage in the Zoological Museum of São Paulo University (MUSP18452). Ten larvae and exuviae were dissected with fine needles under an ocular microscope. Morphological comparisons with previous studies on larval development of the Alpheus species are briefly discussed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O efeito da salinidade no desenvolvimento larval do caranguejo-uçá, Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) (Decapoda: Ocypodidae) no Norte do Brasil
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2008) SIMITH, Darlan de Jesus de Brito; DIELE, Karen
The present work studied the effect of salinity on the survival and duration of larval development of the mangrove crab, Ucides cordatus (from the Caeté River estuary, North of Brazil) until the megalopal phase in seven salinity treatments (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 e 30). Salinity significantly affected the survival of the zoea larvae, however it did not affect the duration of the larval development (20.77 ± 1.56 days). In salinity 0, 5 and 10 all zoea larvae died. Only from off salinity 15, complete development until the megalopal phase occurred. The survival rate was highest in salinity 30 (72%) and lowest in 15 (16%). The reduced survival rate of the U. cordatus zoea larvae, in low salinities, indicates the necessity of larval dispersion from the estuary to coastal waters, where salinity conditions for larval development are more favorable. Otherwise, if there was no dispersion, the reduced salinity of estuarine waters in the rainy season would cause a high mortality thereby affecting the recruitment, maintenance and growth of the U. cordatus population in the mangroves.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Effects of plant cover on the macrofauna of Spartina marshes in northern Brazil
(2009-12) BRAGA, Cesar França; BEASLEY, Colin Robert; ISAAC, Victoria Judith
Data on macrofauna density and diversity, and the height and density of Spartina brasiliensis, were obtained from salt marsh beds of a tropical estuary in northern Brazil. Sampling was carried out at four distinct times of the year, during the wet and dry seasons and in the transition periods between these. Sampling was also carried out in salt marshes of three size classes, small, medium and large. Variables were analyzed in relation to time of year and salt marsh size class. Overall, 46 taxa were found, with polychaetes, isopods and the gastropod Neritina virginea dominating the fauna. Macrofauna density and diversity were positively correlated with culm density, indicating a possible role in protection from predation. All the three variables were higher during the transitional periods between the wet and dry seasons and seasonal changes in rainfall, salinity and light availability may influence mortality, food availability and settlement of the macrofauna. There was no effect of salt marsh size on either the macrofauna or the vegetation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estimativa da produção anual de serapilheira dos bosques de mangue no Furo Grande, Bragança-Pará
(2007-10) FERNANDES, Marcus Emanuel Barroncas; NASCIMENTO, Antonia Aparecida Monteiro do; CARVALHO, Muzenilha Lira
It is well known that environmental conditions of a determined place can influence the productivity of mangroves. So, the present study estimated the total and components litter production in Furo Grande, Bragança-PA. This study comprised four annual cycles (July/2000 to August/2004) at three sites. Seven traps were placed at each site along a 140 m transect, with 20 m intervals. Each trap had a useful area of 1 m2, with 1 mm2 mesh, suspended above the spring tide level. Accumulated material in the traps was collected on a monthly basis, sorted manually into leaves, flowers, fruits, stipules, twigs, and miscellaneous and then oven-dried to constant weight at 70ºC. The mean production of four years was 9.85 t.ha-1.year-1 at site 1, 6.41 t.ha-1. year -1 at site 2, and 5.99 t.ha-1. year -1 at site 3, with significant difference between sites 1 and 3 (H=7.53; df=2; p<0.05). Overall, the results showed that leaf was the most productive component, and together with flower, had peak in the dry season, which seems to favor energy saving to invest in reproduction, whereas fruit peak in the wet season, providing propagule dispersion and hence the renewal and maintenance of these forests.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Feeding and larval growth of an exotic freshwater prawn Macrobrachium equidens (Decapoda: Palaemonidae), from Northeastern Pará, Amazon Region
(2014-09) GOMES, Jean Neves; ABRUNHOSA, Fernando Araujo; COSTA, Anne Karoline Ribeiro; MACIEL, Cristiana Ramalho
In the present study, we carried out experiments on the diet of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium equidens. We tested which type of food and which density of food is suitable for larval development. For the experiment on the type of food, eight treatments were carried out: (I) starvation, (AL) microalgae, (RO) rotifers, (AN) Artemia, (RO + AN) rotifers + Artemia, (AL + RO) microalgae + rotifers, (AL + AN) microalgae + Artemia, (AL + RO + AN) microalgae + rotifers + Artemia. For the experiment on the density of food, we used the type of food, which had resulted in a high survival rate in the previous experiment. Three treatments were carried out: 4, 8 and 16 Artemia nauplii /mL. The rate of feeding during larval development was observed. The survival, weight and percentage of juveniles of each feeding experiment were determined. We found that larvae are carnivores; however, they have requirements with respect to the type of food, because larvae completed their cycle from the zoeal to the juvenile stage only when Artemia nauplii were available. We also verified that the larvae feed mainly during the day-time, and are opportunistic with respect to the density of food offered.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Food categories reconstruction and feeding consumption estimates for the Sciaenid Macrodon ancylodon (Bloch & Schneider), and the congeneric fishes Stellifer rastrifer (Jordan) and Stellifer naso (Jordan) (Pisces, Perciformes) in the Caeté Estuary, Northern Coast of Brazil
(2004-03) CAMARGO-ZORRO, Mauricio; ISAAC, Victoria Judith
A quantitative method to estimate fish feeding consumption and energy intake from different food categories through the reconstruction of ingested preys based on hard not digestible body structures is presented. In order to establish the equations of the functional relationships between preys weight and body structures, stomachs of 1.086 specimens of Macrodon ancylodon (Bloch & Schneider, 1801), Stellifer rastrifer (Jordan, 1889), and Stellifer naso (Jordan, 1889) fish species were dissected. Consequently, preys reconstruction enabled a quantitative evaluation of food categories consumption. Results indicate a marked difference in diet composition and energy requirements according to fish species ontogenetic development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Foregut morphology of Pseudothelphusidae and Trichodactylidae (Decapoda: Brachyura) from northeastern Pará, Brazil
(2010-04) ALVES, Soraya Tatiana Macêdo; ABRUNHOSA, Fernando Araujo; LIMA, Jô de Farias
The gross morphology of foregut was investigated and described in detail for four freshwater crab species: a pseudothelphusid, Fredius reflexifrons (Ortmann, 1897) and three trichodactylids - Sylviocarcinus pictus (H. Milne-Edwards, 1853), Valdivia serrata White, 1847, and Dilocarcinus septemdentatus (Herbst, 1783). In general, the gastric mills of freshwater crabs showed a similar degree of complexity in relation to other marine species of Anomura and Brachyura previously described in the literature. However, significant morphological differences were observed among the analyzed species, as in ossicle numbers, features and connection types. A total of 38 ossicles were described for S. pictus and V. serrata and 37 ossicles for D. septemdentatus and F. reflexifrons, respectively. The latter species can be distinguished from the others by the presence of a wide cardiac sac resembling two sacs. Most of the ossicles were connected through a rigid connection, and few ossicles were fused. The degree of calcification varied little among the studied species. The differences found among the species suggest that the morphological aspects of the foregut may be useful in the identification of similar species.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Genetic characterisation of populations of the critically endangered Goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara, Serranidae) from the Northern Brazilian coast through analyses of mtDNA
(2008) OLIVEIRA, Gláucia Caroline Silva de; RÊGO, Péricles Sena do; SCHNEIDER, Horacio; SAMPAIO, Maria Iracilda da Cunha; SOUZA, Marcelo Nazareno Vallinoto de
The Goliath grouper (Epinephelus itajara) is one of the most endangered species of fish of the subfamily Epinephelinae. Slow to develop and mature, and dependent on mangrove habitats for breeding, the species also suffers intense harvesting, which has reduced drastically in numbers in many areas. To contribute to the understanding of the characteristics of E. itajara populations, we conducted a molecular genetics study of the species, focusing on populations from the Northern Brazilian coast. The mtDNA control region (D-loop) of 116 individuals from five localities (Bragança, Ajuruteua, Parnaíba, Fortaleza and Natal) was analysed, and a sequence of 499 base pairs identified. Analyses of the sequences indicated that genetic variability was generally lower in E. itajara than in other endangered species of the genus. AMOVA found no significant grouping structure among the populations. Nested Clade Analysis revealed a significant association between genetic variability and geographic distribution among only three populations (Ajuruteua, Parnaíba and Natal). Genetic diversity was higher in populations from the Amazon region, which may be related to the better conservation of mangrove habitats in this area. Therefore, the present study could be used for the implementation of conservation and management measures in order to protect and consolidate these populations.