Artigos Científicos - ICSA

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2480

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Agora exibindo 1 - 14 de 14

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La ciencia de la información y la producción científica brasileña sobre información ambiental
(Instituto Internacional de la UNESCO para la Educación Superior en América Latina y el Caribe, 2022) OLIVEIRA, Hamilton Vieira de; VALENTIM, Marta Lígia Pomim
The paper analyzes the knowledge production on environmental information in Brazil within the scope of Information Science in the period 2000-2019. It retrieves the production on the subject in the main national and international bibliographic sources of scientific articles and theses and dissertations. The reading, classification and analysis of the papers found indicate that the identified production does not cover, in a balanced way, the main categories of study in the scientific field of Information Science, and that it is dispersed with regard to the institutions of origin, editors and the articulation among the authors. We believe that by means of an academic-scientific planning, Information Science can significantly contribute to a more institutionalized scientific production on environmental information, better distributed in its subareas of study and more aligned with the social relevance of the environmental issue.
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Os Direitos humanos entre polícia e política
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03) DELUCHEY, Jean-François Yves
Based on analysis of the 1948 UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and on the differentiation between the concepts of police and politics by the French philosopher Jacques Rancière, The author identifies that there is currently a police approach (or governmental) of human rights. The author criticizes the scam of this approach and recommends a repolitization of the human rights matters in order to seek the renewal of their universal dimension.
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Impactos do Crédito Rural na produtividade da terra e do trabalho nas regiões brasileiras
(2013-09) SANTOS, Ricardo Bruno Nascimento dos; BRAGA, Marcelo José
The objective of this paper is to measure the impacts of farm credit on the productivity of the land and labor in Brazilian regions. The methodological approach is based on credit constraint model and propensity score matching. Micro data from the 2006 agricultural census are used. Results show that credit is not effective to improve the productivity of the factors in agricultural sector, except in the Northeast region. Finally, these results emphasize the need of improvements in farm credit policy of Brazil.
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Argentina’s quarter century experiment with neoliberalism: from dictatorship to depression
(2007-04) COONEY, Paul John
Argentina set a new historical mark in 2002, having experienced the largest debt default by any country ever. In order to understand how Argentina could go from one of the most developed countries of the Third World, to experiencing the crisis of 2001 and then enter a depression in 2002 with over half the population living in poverty, requires an evaluation of the last quarter century of economic policies in Argentina. The shift toward neoliberalism began during the dictatorship of 1976, deepened during the Menem administration, and was supported throughout by the IMF. This paper aims to identify why the crisis occurred when it did, but also to understand how the underlying shifts in the political economy of Argentina over more than two decades led to two waves of deindustrialization, an explosion of foreign debt and such a marked decline in the standard of living for the majority of Argentinians.
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Curva ambiental de Kuznets e desenvolvimento econômico sustentável
(2006-09) ARRAES, Ronaldo de Albuquerque e; DINIZ, Marcelo Bentes; DINIZ, Márcia Jucá Teixeira
The motivation of this article bases on the controversy in the recent literature about economic growth, sustainable development and environmental protection, started with the empirical evidences presented by Grossman and Krueger (1995, 1996), where the relationship between per capita GDP and emission of pollutants takes the shape of an inverted–U, denominated in the literature as Environmental Kuznets Curves (EKC). This article differs from others by contributing with further explanation stemming from economic development indicators. Despite being contested by many authors, several structural interpretations of EKC have been strongly sustained under ad hoc shield. The concern about such stylized fact is whether or not the economic growth itself generates an automatic protection to the environment, consequently to the maintainable development. Based upon panel data for countries, it is verified that the variables that denote sustainable economic development present a weak relationship with per capita GDP to support an EKC representation. There are also evidences for environmental curves in cubic format, which means rejection of EKC, besides most of the development indicators pointing out for divergences among countries.
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Desigualdade e heterogeneidade no desenvolvimento da Amazônia no século XXI
(2009-04) LIRA, Sérgio Roberto Bacury de; SILVA, Márcio Luiz Monteiro da; PINTO, Rosenira Siqueira
The deforestation of the Amazon forest is one of the most important environmental problems faced by the Brazilian government. The economic literature points to numerous factors responsible for deforestation, and many of these are, directly or indirectly, derived from federal spending. This article analyzes, through a panel data econometric model, how federal spending can influence, or mitigate, Amazonian deforestation. The state of Pará is used as a case study, as it presents the highest degree of deforestation among all Amazonian states.
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Condicionantes socioeconômicos e ambientais dos clubes de convergência da renda na Amazônia Legal 1985 a 2007
(2011-12) SILVA, Gerson Medeiros da; OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, José Nilo de; DINIZ, Marcelo Bentes
This paper analyzes the formation of convergence clubs in Amazonia in the period 1985 to 2007 conditional on socio-economic, institutional and environmental. The innovative nature of this work is to test the first time the importance of deforestation and environmental condition of the formation of convergence clubs in the Amazon. A methodology through the nonparametric estimation of kernel densities, the transition matrix and estimation of stochastic kernels to test the evidence of convergence between the municipalities. The results confirmed the hypothesis of convergence, large intra-sectional dynamics of income and the formation of three convergence clubs among the municipalities of legal Amazonia. Human capital appears as a major constraint and the cattle and livestock area has low significance in determining the rent for municipal. Deforestation and institutional variables were not significant for economic growth municipalities of Amazonia.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelos de índice de difusão para prever a taxa de crescimento do PIB agrícola brasileiro
(2012-04) FERREIRA, Roberto Tatiwa; OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, José Nilo de; CASTELAR, Luiz Ivan de Melo
This article uses linear and nonlinear diffusion index models to forecast, one step ahead, the quarterly growth rate of Brazilian Agricultural GDP. These models are composed by common factor which allow a significant reduction in the number of the original explanatory variables. After comparing the forecasts of these two models between themselves and with the ones generated by an AR model, used as benchmark, one comes to the conclusion that among the diffusion index models, the nonlinear model with a threshold effect presents a small improvement, in terms of predictive efficiency, in relation to the linear and the AR models.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Arranjo produtivo do artesanato na Região Metropolitana de Belém: uma caracterização empírica
(2007-12) DINIZ, Marcelo Bentes; DINIZ, Márcia Jucá Teixeira
This article presents the handicraft industry in the Metropolitan Region of Belém, treating it as a productive arrangement. Primary data obtained from field work carried out in 2005 by the authors, was combined with secondary data from research carried out by SEBRAE in 2002. The most significant empirical aspects regarding the functioning of this arrangement are constituted by five main elements: the company and entrepreneurs, dynamics of innovation, learning, knowledge and cooperation and, finally, the most significant aspects of its management. The questionnaire developed by Redesist (IE-UFRJ) regarded the activities connected with handicrafts and was given to directly to the “producers”, in accordance with a representative sample. Among the results obtained, the most significant were the relations of family work, a lack of professionalism, a low degree of cooperation, despite innovations with respect to new products.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Um indicador comparativo de pobreza multidimensional a partir dos objetivos do desenvolvimento do milênio
(2009-09) DINIZ, Marcelo Bentes; DINIZ, Marcos Monteiro
From the theoretical of Capability Approach and having as methodological reference the Fuzzy Sets technique this article presents an index-synthesis of multidimensional poverty for the Brazilian states. However, differently from other studies, the contribution of this article is to diminish the degree of arbitrariness in choosing levels poverty dimensions, being considered the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals (PNUD, 2003). The results point to a well definite space delimitation in the country, with the states of the regions North and Northeast placing themselves among the ten highest indices, with the exception of the CityRio Grande do PlaceNameplaceSul PlaceTypeState.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da área desmatada municipal na Amazônia brasileira no período 2000-2004: uma abordagem com modelos não lineares
(2010-09) OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, José Nilo de; DINIZ, Marcelo Bentes; FERREIRA, Roberto Tatiwa; CASTELAR, Luiz Ivan de Melo; DINIZ, Márcia Jucá Teixeira
There is a great amount of asymmetry in the distribution of deforestation in the Brazilian Legal Amazon, particularly in the states of Mato Grosso, Pará and Rondônia, what it would be, in principle, associate with certain common characteristics of their productive activities such as cattle, timber cutting and, more recently, the expansion in the production of grains. However, it can be inquired if municipalities with similar economic characteristics can be grouped as clubs with respect to deforestation. The goal of this article was to test the club convergence hypothesis of deforested areas in the cities of the Legal Amazon in the period of 2000 to 2004. In order to reach the objectives considered, a threshold model based in Hansen (2000) was used. The empirical results corroborate the hypothesis, with respect to formation of four clubs of convergence.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Causas do desmatamento da Amazônia: uma aplicação do teste de causalidade de Granger acerca das principais fontes de desmatamento nos municípios da Amazônia Legal brasileira
(2009) DINIZ, Marcelo Bentes; OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, José Nilo de; TROMPIERI NETO, Nicolino; DINIZ, Márcia Jucá Teixeira
Many are the factors indicated by the pertinent literature concerning the causes of deforestation in Brazilian Legal Amazon. From endogenous aspects as the edafo-climatic conditions to aspects related to anthropic action, like the population movements, urban growth, and especially, the independent or induced actions of the different public and private economic agents who have acted in the region, historically configuring the processes of occupation of the land and economic exploitation of the Amazonian region. The objective of this article is to perform a causality test, in the Granger sense, in the main variables suggested as important that explain the deforestation of the Legal Amazon, in the period from 1997 to 2006. The methodology to be used is based on dynamic models for the panel data, developed by Holtz-Eakin et al. (1988) and Arellano-Bond (1991) who developed a causality test based on the seminal article of Granger (1969). Among the main results found is the empirical evidence that there is a bidirectional causality between deforestation and the areas of permanent and temporary cultures, as well as the size of the cattle herd.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Determinação dos clubes de convergência da renda per capita agrícola - uma análise para os municípios cearenses
(2009-12) OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, José Nilo de; DINIZ, Marcelo Bentes; CASTELAR, Luiz Ivan de Melo; FERREIRA, Roberto Tatiwa
This paper analyzes the process of agricultural county convergence in the state of Ceará using a threshold model in the period from 1970 to 1996. The results show the existence of four clubs of convergence. One formed by the group of richer counties; another one by the group of poor counties and two intermediate groups. The results intra-clubs show that both human capital and physical capital are important to explain the growth process of Ceará's agriculture. On the other hand land is important only for the two richer clubs.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Amazônia legal: análise de convergência da renda municipal com base em um modelo threshold
(2009-06) DINIZ, Marcelo Bentes; OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, José Nilo de; FERREIRA, Roberto Tatiwa; PAIXÃO, Alex Sandro da
This paper is an analysis of the process of convergence of income between the municipalities of the Legal Amazonia in the period of 1980 to 2004, trying to identify the existence of clubs of convergence using a model threshold. Results indicated for the formation of six clubs of convergence, among them shows a process of convergence between the clubs extremes. In general, human capital proved to be significant in explaining the process of growth of the groups of municipalities richer. The results also indicated that the physical capital was significantly negative for explaining the process of economic growth of most clubs of convergence, demonstrating in this way, a negative role for public investment undertaken in the districts of the region.

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