Diagnóstico dos usos múltiplos das águas da bacia do rio Tracuateua - PA e sua associação com as formas de uso e cobertura do solo

Abstract

The various uses of water in economic activities have caused significant changes in the quality and quantity of water resources. Currently, several studies and measures have been used by the federal and state governments in an attempt to reduce the changes of the natural environment caused by the intensification of unsustainable economic activities. From this premise, the study of the river basin Tracuateua aimed to identify the forms of water use and its association to human disturbance factors with greater interference on water resources of the municipality, and propose ways of management and management. To achieve the goal was executed: primary data collection in the field, the characteristics of the basin under study, and secondary, associated with map information, physical and socioeconomic characteristics; interviews to assess the performance of municipal management, representative civil society and of farmers; questionnaires to farmers, livestock farmers and residential users; and evaluation of information on federal and state projects for encouraging conservation practices and recovery of natural resources. Data were associated with the use of classes and soil cover of the study area, obtained by TerraClass project. The results showed that the region has a water user profile associated mainly to domestic uses and agriculture, where the threat to water resources is mainly due to the inadequate relationship between the forms of use and occupation of land and conservation of the basin, with a view to the water supply, in addition to problems related to aspect of sanitation to meet local demand. It is observed that the absence of municipal management of water resources and inadequate forms of occupation and management of land and water has contributed to the impairment of the availability of water in quantity and quality.