Introdução de leguminosas forrageiras em sistemas de criação leiteiros no assentamento Belo Horizonte I, São Domingos do Araguaia-PA

Abstract

The social, economical, political, environmental and productive transformation that has occurred and still occurs in the region of Marabá, in southeast of Pará, has a significant link with the livestock, either as an exploration model of nature resources that caused deep changes in the regional landscape or as main agricultural activities developed by big farmers and familiar farmers. Because of that link, the dynamics that involves the livestock and the rural development process has been a research object for university professors and students in institutions like Federal University of Pará. This dissertation is one result of these researches, whose development took place under the project Promoting innovations to the family farming strengthening in settlements at southeast of Pará, which since 2008 has testing management alternatives to overcome technical limitations in livestock production. The technical interventions in this project were made in partnership with the farmers from Settlement Project Belo Horizonte I, in São Domingos do Araguaia-PA, where test-actions with forage leguminous were deployed. In this research, three case studies were investigated with the theoretical-methodological instrumental of systems theory applied in production systems studies, in special livestock systems, according to the intended objective, which was to analyze coherence in the use type of leguminous in livestock systems. Our hypothesis is that the type of leguminous use depends on final product desired for the farmer. In Belo Horizonte I settlement, the main products of livestock are the milk and the calf. Favoring one or both products implies different ways to manage the leguminous. The results demonstrate that decision coherence on leguminous use type is based on favoring one category or an animal lot by management practices to obtain the desired products according to the productive goal established for de livestock systems.