Desmatamento na Amazônia e a atuação do Ministério Público Federal: análise da eficácia jurídica do projeto Amazônia protege no estado do Pará

Abstract

This research deals with the role of the Federal Public Ministry of Pará in combating irregular deforestation in the Amazon from 2016 to 2022 within the scope of the Amazônia Protege Project. Launched by the Federal Public Ministry (MPF) in 2017, with the objective of combating the illegal deforestation that occurred from 2016 and curbing other illegal activities in the Brazilian Amazon, the Amazônia Protege Project (PAP) involves a series of actions, including investigations, operations inspection and cooperation with other government agencies. Therefore, it is a case study, focusing on examining the Project, the proposed actions, the procedures used, verifying whether there is legal effectiveness in the results achieved by December 2022 and its relationship with climate litigation. From this study, a consistent and systematic Diagnostic Report was presented at the end with a proposal for improvements regarding the PAP of the Federal Public Ministry. The fight against irregular deforestation in the Amazon by the Amazônia Protege Project brings with it the ideas of sustainable exploration, more effective environmental inspection, and changes in paradigms in the legal field. The aim is to assess whether the Project contributes to reducing deforestation and whether it can be seen as strategic environmental litigation. A descriptive case study is adopted as a methodology, defining the sampling used, that is, the MPF database of processes related to Amazônia Protege, from 2016 to 2022 in the state of Pará, with preparation and collection of primary data, compilation bibliographical information, analysis of the result of the actions until December 2022 with presentation of the intervention report, relating cause and effect between the propositions discovered, issuing suggestions or recommendations that may contribute to greater legal effectiveness and emphasizing practices that deal with the promotion of initiatives aimed at the sustainable balance of the environment, thus guaranteeing the observance of an exploration model whose thesis is to prove that the best solution for everyone is still to maintain the preservation of the Amazon forest.