Avaliação da composição química e do potencial antioxidante de acessos de Euterpe oleracea e Euterpe precatoria para posterior aplicação como corante natural na formulação de bala de goma

Abstract

The present dissertation evaluate the chemical composition and antioxidant potential of eight different genotypes of Euterpe oleracea and eight of Euterpe precatoria, from the Active Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Amazônia Oriental (Belém/PA), in order to select the best accession for each species for later application in the formulation of gummy candies. The parameters of pulp yield, total lipids, total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins and the evaluation of antioxidant capacity by the ABTS method in the eight accessions of each species were evaluated. PL01 genotype, belonging to the species of E. precatoria, showed greater prominence compared to the other genotypes studied, for total phenolic compounds (2414.11 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g), total monomeric anthocyanins (1822.22 mg cyanidin 3-glycoside/100 g), total flavonoids (325.07 mg quercetin equivalent/100 g) and antioxidant capacity by the ABTS method (96.54 μM trolox equivalent/g), in relation to the species of E. oleracea, the L2PL5 genotype presented better prominence in relation to its same species in the parameters of total monomeric anthocyanins (736.05 mg cyanidin 3- glycoside/100 g), total flavonoids (306.55 mg quercetin equivalent/100 g) antioxidant capacity by the ABTS method (53.77 μM trolox equivalent/g). From this first study, a genotype of each specie, based on the high levels of anthocyanins, in order to evaluate the application of lyophilized açaí in the candy formulation. of gum to monitor the stability of the natural pigment compared to a gummy bear with artificial coloring. Parameters such as pH, total acidity, total soluble solids (oBrix), total monomeric anthocyanins and instrumental color of the gummies produced during 30 days of storage at room temperature were monitored. At the end of the 30 days of storage, it was observed that there was a lower rate of degradation of total monomeric anthocyanins in the gummies with lyophilized açaí from Euterpe precatoria, compared to the gummies with lyophilized açaí from Euterpe oleracea of 1.25 x 10-1 days and 1.52 x 10-1 days, by the first order model, respectively, in addition to a lower loss of total monomeric anthocyanins, in percentagem, 48.17 % and 61.73 %, respectively. Regarding color stability, the lyophilized açaí gummies from Euterpe oleracea and Euterpe precatoria showed a perception of color change in a similar period of 20 days, being an ideal alternative of time for storage and consumption. It is concluded that the applicability of lyophilized açaí in food products can be seen as a viable alternative, resulting in foods with a good source of bioactive properties such as anthocyanins, in order to produce a healthier alternative to gummy bears.