A Compensação financeira pela exploração mineral nos municípios do estado do Pará: uma proposta de instrumentalização do controle social sob uma visão sistêmica

Abstract

The Northern region of the country has mining as one of the drivers of its growth, especially in the state of Pará, which stands out in terms of mining and revenue from the Financial Compensation for Mineral Exploration (CFEM) in Brazil. In this context, the objective of this research was to analyze the mechanisms available for society to monitor the collection and application of the Financial Compensation for Mineral Resources Exploration (CFEM) in the five largest mining municipalities in the state of Pará. Methodologically, it was a research based on Social Systems Theory, of bibliographic and documentary nature with empirical basis, as information on CFEM from the five main revenue-generating municipalities in the state of Pará was collected through the official pages of the studied municipalities, their respective transparency portals, and the official website of the National Mining Agency - ANM, to assess the level of transparency on a scale of 0 to 4 based on the research by Green and Giusti (2021). As results, it was found that Parauapebas, Canaã dos Carajás, Itaituba, and Paragominas reached level 3 in the studied years, while Marabá reached level 1 in the same period, meaning that despite the legal obligations regarding access to information, no studied municipality managed to achieve the highest level of transparency. Furthermore, there is a disparity in transparency levels among the studied municipalities, indicating a lack of standardization. Thus, it was verified that the main mechanism currently available for society to monitor the collection and application of CFEM is the municipal Budget Law (LOA), meaning that only access to planning, which indicates the value and location of public money investment for a year, is possible, and there is no access to information about the actual collection and application. Therefore, this study proposes as a product the information panel, which proves to be a tool to achieve these objectives, allowing civil society to actively participate in the oversight, monitoring, collection, application, and decision-making related to CFEM resources.