Viabilidade ambiental do tratamento do efluente industrial do dendê e uso na produção de biogás e biofertilizante

Abstract

The effluents generated in the agro-industrial sector are produced in large quantities, especially those from the processing of a product for commercial use, as is the case with palm oil. In the search for alternatives for treatment and/or reuse, oil palm agro-industrial effluent can be used to produce bio-input and biofuel. The aim of this dissertation is to assess the feasibility of treating industrial oil palm effluent and using it to produce biogas and biofertilizer. The work methodology consisted of manufacturing 10 benchtop bioreactors, adapted with an automatic control system, which allowed quantification of pressure, temperature and methane concentration measurements through sensors, enabling treatment through the anaerobic digestion system of effluents. . For treatment, the effluent was inoculated with one of the solid materials resulting from the processing stages (palm oil sludge), and a physical-chemical analysis of the parameters was carried out. Finally, the system made it possible to quantify biogas production and characterize the biofertilizer generated in the system. The data analysis presented demonstrates that the POME treatment, combined with the inoculum, promotes better results for the physicochemical parameters analyzed in the research, given that the best conditions occurred for the 30% inoculum range, that is. 700 ml of effluent + 300 ml of inoculum, showing the environmental viability of the treatment. With regard to the production of biogas and biofertilizer, the indicators of temperature (20 to 45oC), pressure (1 atm) and daily methane gas production of between 0.26 and 0.44 ml in the anaerobic digestion system showed good operating conditions in the system, making their production feasible through the use of oil palm agro-industrial effluent, allowing an environmentally appropriate possibility for the waste, from the point of view of the production chain, the environment and the economy.