Artigos Científicos - FAMET/IG

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2799

Navegar

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 50

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Vulnerabilidade e mudanças climáticas: análise socioambiental em uma mesorregião da Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-10) SANTOS, Marcos Ronielly da Silva; VITORINO, Maria Isabel; PIMENTEL, Marcia Aparecida da Silva
The study of socio-environmental vulnerability associated with climate change is one of the topics most discussed by the international scientific community. The effects of climate change on society stem from different causes and effects; their analysis must take into account the cultural, economic and social context of a population. Thus, studies involving risks associated with extreme weather events must be done in an integrated and interdisciplinary way. In this context, the present research aims to contribute to vulnerability analysis in the metropolitan mesoregion of Belém, with a view to reducing the effects caused by climate and social changes. In order to do so, the General Vulnerability Index (GVI) was applied, based on socioeconomic, epidemiological and climatic indicators from 2000 to 2010. The results found that the municipality of Belém had the highest value of GVI (0. 61), indicating a high vulnerability, presenting the highest indexes of climatic (1.00) and epidemiological (0.76) vulnerability. On the other hand, the municipality of Bujaru has a low vulnerability, with a GVI value of 0.14, explained by the minimum value of the index of climate vulnerability (0.00) and low indices of epidemiological (0.03) and socioeconomic vulnerability (0.38). We expect that this study may support the management of public policies for the municipalities and encourage studies of socio-environmental vulnerability in the Amazon region, with an interdisciplinary approach.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Evapotranspiration from Remote Sensing to Improve the Swat Model in Eastern Amazonia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12) SOUSA, Adriano Marlisom Leão de; VITORINO, Maria Isabel; CASTRO, Nilza Maria dos Reis; BOTELHO, Marcel do Nascimento; SOUZA, Paulo Jorge de Oliveira Ponte de
In this study, we estimated the evapotranspiration from orbital images - MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) for assimilation in the hydrological modeling of the SWAT (Soil Water Assessment Tools) model. The data used include the period between October 2003 and December 2006 of the sub-basin of the Lajeado River, located in the Tocantins-Araguaia River basin in Tocantins state. Overall, the results of the use of heat flows estimated by remote sensors in the SWAT model can be considered satisfactory. The values of the COE (coefficient of efficiency of Nash-Sutcliffe) ranged from -0.40 to 0.91 in the comparison with the daily flow data and from 0.17 to 0.77 with the monthly flow data, with the assimilation of evapotranspiration from orbital images. These results indicate benefit to the model adjustment due to improvement in the data assimilated of approximately 0.91 in the COE on daily scale and 0.60 in the CEO on monthly scale.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Radar-observed spatial and temporal rainfall variability near the Tapajós-Amazon confluence
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12) COHEN, Júlia Clarinda Paiva; FIZJARRALD, David Roy; D'OLIVEIRA, Flávio Augusto Farias; SARAIVA, Ivan; BARBOSA, Illelson Rafael da Silva; GANDU, Adilson Wagner; KUHN, Paulo Afonso Fischer
Standard Amazonian rainfall climatologies rely on stations preferentially located near river margins. River breeze circulations that tend to suppress afternoon rainfall near the river and enhance it inland are not typically considered when reporting results. Previous studies found surprising nocturnal rainfall maxima near the rivers in some locations. We examine spatial and temporal rainfall variability in the Santarém region of the Tapajós-Amazon confluence, seeking to describe the importance of breeze effects on afternoon precipitation and defining the areal extent of nocturnal rainfall maxima.We used three years of mean S band radar reflectivity from Santarém airport with a Z-R relationship appropriate for tropical convective conditions. These data were complemented by TRMM satellite rainfall estimates. Nocturnal rainfall was enhanced along the Amazon River, consistent with the hypothesis that these are associated with the passage of instability lines, perhaps enhanced by local channeling and by land breeze convergence. In the daytime, two rainfall bands appear in mean results, along the east bank of the Tapajós River and to the south of the Amazon River, respectively.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Electric systems failures produced by CG lightning in Eastern Amazonia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12) SANTOS, Ana Paula Paes dos; SOUZA, José Ricardo Santos de; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; CARMO, Alexandre Melo Casseb do; RIBEIRO, Wanda Maria do Nascimento
Operational records of power outages of the electric energy distribution systems in eastern Amazonia presented a large number of events attributed to lightning strikes, during the 2006 to 2009 period. The regional electricity concessionary data were compared to actual lightning observations made by SIPAM’s LDN system, over two areas where operational sub systems of transmission lines are installed. Statistical relations were drawn between the monthly lightning occurrence density and the number of power outages of the electric systems for both areas studied. The results showed that, although with some delays between these variables peaks, the number of power disruptions has a tendency to follow the behavior of the lightning occurrence densities variations. The numerical correlations were positive and may be useful to the transmission lines maintenance crews at least for the Belém-Castanhal electricity distribution sub system. Evidence was found, that the SST’s over certain areas of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, influence convection over the area of interest, and may help to prognosticate the periods of intense electric storms, requiring repair readiness for the regional electric systems.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Classificação climatológica da energia potencial disponível para a convecção na cidade de Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12) SANTOS, Josiane Sarmento dos; MOTA, Maria Aurora Santos da; ROCHA, Edson José Paulino da
The climatological classification of the Convection Available Potential Energy (CAPE) was studied in order to verify both the possibility of convection to start and the organizational type, in Belém (Pará - PA, Brazil), associating it to extreme precipitation events (EEPRP). For the CAPE analysis, DTCEA's radiosonde data and precipitation measurements from the INMET's stations, in the period from 1987 to 2011, we used. It was observed that the local atmosphere presented favorable conditions for the development of deep convection, because the most frequent CAPE values were higher than 1000 J/Kg, representing 61% of all radiosonde measurements. According to some authors, a CAPE value of 1000J/Kg is the deep convection limit. The CAPE 2 and 3 classifications presented significant increasing tendencies along the years, whereas CAPE 1 showed a decrease. This is probably due to the air temperature increased at the city, impacting the CAPE value. A low correlation between CAPE and EEPRP, as well as between CAPE and Pacific Ocean Index and the Atlantic Interhemispheric Gradient. was also shown. Therefore CAPE is not sufficient condition for the formation of clouds and precipitation, since meso and large scale dynamical forcing are relevant contributors to the climate modulation on the city.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Importância das condições termodinâmicas nos eventos extremos de precipitação na cidade de Belém e região metropolitana
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12) GILLE, Felipe do Souto de Sá; MOTA, Maria Aurora Santos da
The purpose of this research was to verify the importance of thermodynamic factors on the occurrence of extreme precipitation events in the city of Belém (PA) and its metropolitan area, during the period of August 2008 to December 2009. The study of the atmosphere thermodynamics was based on the theories of Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) and Convective Inhibition Energy (CINE). To classify the extreme precipitation events the decis method was used in order to associate them to the CAPE and CINE values. It was verified that the studied region has strong convective activity during all the year, and that not always high CAPE and low CINE determine precipitation. Those situations in fact determine profound convection, but to ensure precipitation, dynamic enforcement is required. For the occurrence of extreme precipitation events during the rainy season the ITCZ is the forcing dynamic and during the dry season the squall lines contribute to them. Then when the precipitation process is exclusively CAPE dependent, a high CAPE value is required in order to generate deep convection and, consequently, precipitation. Otherwise, for dynamic contribution precipitating process a significant value of CAPE is not needed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Evento extremo de chuva-vazão na bacia hidrográfica do rio Araguari, Amapá, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12) CUNHA, Alan Cavalcanti da; VILHENA, Jefferson Erasmo De Souza; SANTOS, Eldo Silva Dos; SARAIVA, Jaci Maria Bilhalva; KUHN, Paulo Afonso Fischer; BRITO, Daímio Chaves; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; ROCHA, Edson José Paulino da; CUNHA, Helenilza Ferreira Albuquerque; BRITO, Alaan Ubaiara; BRASIL JUNIOR, Antonio Cesar Pinho; PACA, Victor Hugo da Motta; SANTOS, Paula Verônica Campos Jorge
The objective of this investigation was to analyse the extreme river flows which have occurred between 9 and 14 April 2011 in the Rio Araguari-AP. The methodology consisted of three main steps: 1) re-analysis of precipitation estimated by the BRAMS (Brazilian Development in Regional Atmospheric Model System) model using the synoptic of the same period as support, 2) analysis of streamflow in sections of hydrological monitoring in Porto Platon, Capivari and Serra do Navio (ADCP-Accustic Profiller Doppler Current); 3) statistic analysis of the time series of maximum river flows in Porto Platon using Gumbel distribution. It was observed that the BRAMS system partially captured the standard precipitation when compared with the synoptic analysis and literature data, but the extreme hydrological responses representation still needs an optimization. In Porto Platon a flow record of 4036 m3 /s was recorded, whose behavior was analyzed from the perspective of the available monitoring mechanisms in the State. It was concluded that such extreme events are poorly detectable and offer considerable risks to users of the basin. The stream flow prediction based on available hydrological series was 100 years recurrence, but the analysis have revealed that this period would be 360 years, indicating significant deficiency of the prediction system of extreme events in the State.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Variação sazonal da população de bactérias e fungos e dos teores de nitrato e amônio do solo nos sítios do LBA e PPBIO, na amazônia oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-09) MOURA, Quêzia Leandro de; RUIVO, Maria de Lourdes Pinheiro; RODRIGUES, Hernani José Brazão; ROCHA, Edson José Paulino da; SILVA JUNIOR, João de Athaydes; VASCONCELOS, Steel Silva; ANDRADE, Mariseth Carvalho de; MANES, Carmem Lara de Oliveira
It is possible that the environmental factors determining the behavior of soil microbiota are being modified by anthropic or natural climate change. In order to check the effect of the exclusion of water over the population of bacteria and fungi in the soil, the present study was developed. The chosen location is the area of the ESECAFLOR experiment, which simulates the occurrence of extreme phenomena such as El Niño event, and the area of biodiversity research program Program-PPBio (primary forest). This later area, supposed to be used for studying the Biodiversity of the Amazon, was used as a control area for comparative purposes. The soil was sampled at 00 - 05, 05 -10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm depths, during the rainy, transition and less rainy seasons. The highest values of Colonies Forming Units (CFU) for bacteria and fungi populations were 196 x 104 CFU/g of soil and 124 x 102 CFU/g of solo, respectively, both in the area without human intervention (PPBio). Soil moisture is the variable influencing most the obtained counting values of fungi and bacteria populations.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelagem Hidrológica Estocástica Aplicada ao Rio Tocantins para a Cidade de Marabá-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03) CÂMARA, Renata Kelen Cardoso; ROCHA, Edson José Paulino da; PROTÁZIO, João Marcelo Brazão; QUEIROZ, Joaquim Carlos Barbosa; RIBEIRO, Wanda Maria do Nascimento; SIQUEIRA, Ionara Santos; LIMA, Aline Maria Meiguins de
Hydrology studies show that it is possible to avoid natural disasters through the proper use of hydrological forecasts. In this work we used the Box-Jenkins Methodology (Time Series Analysis) to model the daily level of the Tocantins river in the city of Maraba - PA, in order to predict floods caused by its regular increase, an event that usually puts the resident population of risk areas in vulnerable situations. For the study, we used the daily levels of data observed in gauged stations of Maraba and Carolina and Conceição do Araguaia National Water Agency (ANA), the period of 01/12/2008 to 31/03/2011. It was evident that the adjusted model was able to capture the dynamics of time series with good prognosis for a period of seven days with a maximum absolute error of 0.08 m and with precision in forecasting over 99%. The forecasting model showed good results and can then be used as support tools for Civil Defense, assisting in the planning and preparation of preventive actions for the city of Maraba.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Organic material decomposition and nutrient dynamics in a mulch system enriched with leguminous trees in the Amazon
(2008-06) CATTANIO, José Henrique; KUEHNE, Ronald; VLEK, Paul L.G.
The new techniques proposed for agriculture in the Amazon region include rotational fallow systems enriched with leguminous trees and the replacement of biomass burning by mulching. Decomposition and nutrient release from mulch were studied using fine-mesh litterbags with five different leguminous species and the natural fallow vegetation as control. Samples from each treatment were analyzed for total C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, lignin, cellulose content and soluble polyphenol at different sampling times over the course of one year. The decomposition rate constant varied with species and time. Weight loss from the decomposed litter bag material after 96 days was 30.1 % for Acacia angustissima, 32.7 % for Sclerolobium paniculatum, 33.9 % for Iinga edulis and the Fallow vegetation, 45.2 % for Acacia mangium and 63.6 % for Clitoria racemosa. Immobilization of N and P was observed in all studied treatments. Nitrogen mineralization was negatively correlated with phenol, C-to-N ratio, lignin + phenol/N ratio, and phenol/phosphorus ratios and with N content in the litterbag material. After 362 days of field incubation, an average (of all treatments), 3.3 % K, 32.2 % Ca and 22.4 % Mg remained in the mulch. Results confirm that low quality and high amount of organic C as mulch application are limiting for the quantity of energy available for microorganisms and increase the nutrient immobilization for biomass decomposition, which results in competition for nutrients with the crop plants.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Microbial biomass and soil chemical properties under different land use systems in Northeastern Pará
(2011-08) LOPES, Elessandra Laura Nogueira; FERNANDES, Antonio Rodrigues; RUIVO, Maria de Lourdes Pinheiro; CATTANIO, José Henrique; SOUZA, Gladys Ferreira de
The increase in agricultural production in the Brazilian Amazon region is mostly a result of the agricultural frontier expansion, into areas previously influenced by humans or of native vegetation. At the same time, burning is still used to clear areas in small-scale agricultural systems, leading to a loss of the soil productive capacity shortly after, forcing the opening of new areas. This study had the objective of evaluating the effect of soil preparation methods that involve plant residue shredding, left on the surface or incorporated to the soil, with or without chemical fertilization, on the soil chemical and biological properties. The experiment was conducted in 1995, in an experimental field of Yellow Latosol (Oxisol) of the Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, northeastern Pará (Brazil). The experiment was arranged in randomized blocks, in a 2x6 factorial design, with two management systems and six treatments evaluated twice. The management systems consisted of rice (Oriza sativa), followed by cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) with manioc (Manihot esculenta). In the first system the crops were planted in two consecutive cycles, followed by a three-year fallow period (natural regrowth); the second system consisted of one cultivation cycle and was left fallow for three years. The following treatments were applied to the secondary forest vegetation: slash and burn, fertilized with NPK (Q+NPK); slash and burn, without fertilizer NPK (Q-NPK); cutting and shredding, leaving the residues on the soil surface, fertilized with NPK (C+NPK); cutting and shredding, leaving residues on the soil surface, without fertilizer (C-NPK); cutting and shredding, with residue incorporation and fertilized with NPK (I+NPK); cutting and shredding, with residue incorporation and without NPK fertilizer (I-NPK). The soil was sampled in the rainier season (April 2006) and in the drier season (September 2006), in the 0-0.1 m layer. From each plot, 10 simple samples were collected in order to generate a composite sample. In the more intensive management system the contents of microbial C (Cmic) and microbial N (Nmic) were higher, while the C (Corg) level was higher in the less intensive system. The treatments with highest Cmic and Nmic levels were those with cutting, shredding and distribution of biomass on the soil surface. Under both management systems, the chemical characteristics were in ranges that classify the soil as little fertile, although P and K (in the rainy season) were higher in the less intensive management system.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito da topografia e da precipitação na florística e na produção de liteira em Caxiuanã, Pará
(2015-12) FERREIRA, Laura Suéllen Lisboa; CATTANIO, José Henrique; JARDIM, Mário Augusto Gonçalves
The objective of this work was to study the effect of topography and rainfall in the structure of trees and litter production in a tropical rain forest in the National Forest of Caxiuanã. Were delimited three tranches of 1.000 m2 in each topographic levels (lowland, intermediate and plateau) and identified all individuals and collection of litter. For the three levels was recorded a total of 124 species belonging to 33 botanical families. The three families with higher importance value index for topographies of lowland and intermediate were Sapotaceae, Lecythidaceae and Chrysobalanaceae and for plateau were Lecythidaceae, Sapotaceae and Chrysobalanaceae. The species Lecythis idatimon Aubl., Rinoria guianensis Aubl. e Eschweilera coriacea (DC.) S.A. Mori. showed the greatest importance value indices for the three topographies. The seasonality affects significantly the litter production, showing the highest values at the end of rainy season and early dry season. The environmental stimulus for the fall of the leaves is mainly due to decrease in relative humidity, justified by the need of the plants to increase photosynthetic efficiency. The difference in population structure show strategies for flower production, and consequently the dispersion of fruits and seeds.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Sazonalidade no balanço de energia em áreas de cultivo de soja na Amazônia
(2012) SOUZA, Paulo Jorge de Oliveira Ponte de; RIBEIRO, Aristides; ROCHA, Edson José Paulino da; FARIAS, José Renato Bouças; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de
It was investigated the energy balance in a soybean crop (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) grown in areas of advance of agricultural border in the Amazon. The Bowen ratio technique was used to obtain energy balance components. During the most part of the crop growing season, most of the energy was consumed as latent heat, especially during the flowering and fruiting stages. Such characteristic was related to the high leaf stomatal conductance of soybean as well as to the water availability in the region. At the harvest there was an inversion in the energy partitioning, with more energy being used for heating the air (79% of the net radiation). During the off-season there was 75% reduction in the LE and significant increase in the H (180%) compared to the values found during soybean growing season.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Complexo Convectivo de Mesoescala observado em 27/11/2002 no nordeste da Argentina
(2008-12) CAMPOS, Claudia Rejane Jacondino; LIMA, Edna Cristina Sodré; PINTO, Luciana Barros
In this work were analyzed the synoptic situations associated to a Mesoscale Convective Complex (CCM), observed on 11/27/2002 in the northeast of Argentina. Infrared imagery from GOES-8 and simulations from BRAMS regional model were used. The model simulation, with three hours issues, allowed detailing the behavior of the meteorological variables in large scale that affect the MCC life cycle, being able to reproduce the suitable conditions to its beginning, development and dissipation. The results showed that the MCC studied presented similar characteristics to those observed by several authors.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Impactos do avanço da soja no balanço de radiação no leste da Amazônia
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2013-06) SOUZA, Paulo Jorge de Oliveira Ponte de; ROCHA, Edson José Paulino da; RIBEIRO, Aristides
The deforestation of the Amazon, especially for pasture use, has been explored by several researchers who have pointed out as a consequence, serious environmental problems. The continuous expansion of agriculture on areas of cattle ranching in the Amazon, as well as on native areas, must be seen with caution since few studies have been conducted in order to investigate which probable environmental impacts can be generated due to the presence of soybean monoculture in the region. This study evaluates the local impacts of the replacement of forest by soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) on radiation balance components in an area that represents the agricultural border advancement in Amazonia. A micrometeorological experiment was installed in an area of soybean cultivation in Paragominas-PA and data from forest ecosystems were collected in Caxiuanã forests located in Melgaço-PA both during 2006 and 2007. During the soybean growing season the mean impact found in net radiation represented a reduction of 17.9% of the value commonly observed in the forest. During the off-season the impact on net radiation was 15.5%. Principal mechanisms that control these impacts were associated with the high soybean albedo and high loss of long wave radiation. Although the greatest impact occurs during the crop growing season, the time of occurrence of this negative effect is restricted to only 1/3 of the year, which leads to a higher impact of the off-season on energy balance in cumulative terms.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelos acoplados do IPCC-AR4 e o gradiente meridional de temperatura da superfície do mar no Atlântico Tropical: relações com a precipitação no norte do nordeste do Brasil
(2014-12) ALVES, José Maria Brabo; CHAVES, Rosane Rodrigues; SERVAIN, Jacques; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; SILVA, Emerson Mariano da; SANTOS, Antônio Carlos Santana dos; BARBOSA, Augusto César Barros; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Jacinto de; SOMBRA, Sérgio Sousa; COSTA, Alexandre Araújo; PINHEIRO, Francisco Geraldo de Melo
This article shows how three coupled models of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change-Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC-AR4), the FGOALS1.0G - LASG of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of China, the GISSER of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the GFDL_CM2 of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) have simulated the meridional gradient variability of the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in the tropical Atlantic during February to May months for the period from 1901 to 1999. The precipitation during the rainy season (February-May) in the northern sector of Northeast Brazil (NEB) was also analyzed by those three models and compared with observations. The GISSER and FGOALS1.0G models showed better performance at signal simulation of signal of the meridional SST gradient over the tropical Atlantic for the period 1901-1999. It is noteworthy that the coupled models have performed better in simulating the decadal trend, explaining 50% to 80% of gradient variability, being the southern sector SST better simulated.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Weather forecasting for Eastern Amazon with OLAM model
(2014-12) SILVA, Renato Ramos da; GANDU, Adilson Wagner; COHEN, Júlia Clarinda Paiva; KUHN, Paulo Afonso Fischer; MOTA, Maria Aurora Santos da
The OLAM model has as its characteristics the advantage to represent simultaneously the global and regional meteorological phenomena using the application of a grid refinement scheme. During the REMAM project the model was applied for a few case studies to evaluate its performance on numerical weather prediction for the eastern Amazon region. Case studies were performed for the twelve months of the year of 2009. The model results for those numerical experiments were compared with the observed data for the region of study. Precipitation data analysis showed that OLAM is able to represent the average mean accumulated precipitation and the seasonal features of the events occurrence, but can't predict the local total amount of precipitation. However, individual evaluation for a few cases had shown that OLAM was able to represent the dynamics and forecast a few days in advance the development of coastal meteorological systems such as the squall lines that are one of the most important precipitating systems of the Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Climate estimates for Eastern Amazon with OLAM model
(2014-12) SILVA, Renato Ramos da; VITORINO, Maria Isabel; KUHN, Paulo Afonso Fischer; ANANIAS, Daniela dos Santos
The OLAM model has as its characteristics the advantage to represent simultaneously the regional and global meteorological phenomena using a refining grid scheme. During REMAM project OLAM was applied for a few case studies with the goal to evaluate its performance to estimate the regional climate for the eastern Amazon during periods of El Niño and La Niña. Case studies were performed for the rainy periods of the years 2010 and 2011 that were driven by distinct oceanic conditions. Initially, the model results were compared with local observations. The results demonstrated that OLAM was able to represent well the major precipitating regions, the diurnal temperature cycle evolution, and the wind dynamics. After that, analysis of the results demonstrated that if we provide good initial conditions and a good representation of the sea surface temperature evolution, OLAM is able to forecast with two or three months in advance if a rainy season would be wet or dry.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Impactos das mudanças climáticas na ecoclimatologia de Aleurocanthus Woglumi Ashby, 1903 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) no estado do Pará
(2014-03) MORAES, Bergson Cavalcanti de; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; RIBEIRO, João Batista Miranda; FERREIRA, Douglas Batista da Silva; MAIA, Wilson José de Mello e Silva
Human activities that alter the greenhouse gases concentrations will have a direct influence on plant health issues. In order to minimize both the production loss and the quality, and to guide the choice of adaptation strategies and management, further studies to investigate the impacts of climate change on agriculture - in the spatial and temporal scales - and their pathogens are needed. The main goal of this work was to explore the global climate impact on the ecoclimatology of the citrus blackfly (Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby) in State of Pará. To do so, the thermal requirements of Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby developed in laboratory and on the ecoclimatological zoning based on the annual insect population was first analyzed using air temperature data series from 15 meteorological stations. Then, the populational increase of the studied insect through the projections of global climate model CCSM 3.0, between years 2030 and 2090, was simulated and analyzed. The results of simulations suggest that the number of generations of the insect will increase 50% in Pará state.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Variabilidade espacial do conforto térmico e a segregação social do espaço urbano na cidade de Belém, PA
(2013-12) SILVA JUNIOR, João de Athaydes; COSTA, Antonio Carlos Lôla da; PEZZUTI, Juarez Carlos Brito; COSTA, Rafael Ferreira da
This work contributes to the study of urban climate in Belém, PA, during the lesser rainy season, along with an analysis of social segregation issues on urban space. A campaign for collecting meteorological data during the lesser rainy season on the region was made. The data were used to calculate the thermal comfort index inside the neighborhoods and compare them with the characteristic social types in each neighborhood. The results indicated that the West and Central areas of the city were less comfortable, because they are more urbanized and have less vegetation than other areas, while the East and West areas were more comfortable, with more vegetated areas and predominance of low buildings. The analysis indicated that there is not a well-defined pattern between the neighborhoods social types and theirs thermal comfort conditions, because the surface characteristics are more significant to the local microclimate changes.