Desenvolvimento de um sistema de alerta de enchente aplicado aos planos de defesa civil em áreas de risco no estado do Pará utilizando Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG), caso: cidade de Marabá

Abstract

This dissertation develops a Flood Warning System for the city of Marabá, located at the confluence of Tocantins and Itacaiúnas Rivers, 400 quilometers south from Belém, capital of the State of Pará (Brazil). The Flood Warning System is based on the hydrological model MOD-4B incorporated into a Geographic Information System. This system forecasts changes in the level of the Tocantins River throughout the year. It monitors the initiation of the flood 4 days in advance, resulting in more efficient Civil Defense actions. As reference, the forecasting model used the limnimeter poles located on the Tocantins and Araguaia Rivers, in the towns of Carolina and Conceição do Araguaia, respectively about 225 and 270 quilometers south from the city of Marabá. The system uses the GIS software ArcView 3.3, which was implemented through an interface developed through an object-oriented programming language called Avenue to run the application of the hydrological model. The use of windows and menus adapted to the model grants access to spatial data and relational database tables and / or record database. It also provides modules for spatial analysis and visualization of geographic data in a Geographic Information System (GIS), which forecasts flooding in the form of maps, charts and reports, showing the flooded areas for periods of 4, 3, 2 and 1 day before the occurrence of flooding. The system also identifies the affected streets and buildings, quantifying the affected population and the damages caused. With this, the Civil Defense can execute efficient action plans before, during and after the flooding.