Metodologia de planejamento para inserção de geradores fotovoltaicos em redes elétricas isoladas e supridas por geradores a diesel

Abstract

Renewable energy sources based on photovoltaic generation (PVG) are promising energy alternatives to complement conventional, centralized power generation, as the diesel thermal plants supplying power to isolated grids in cities and remote locations in the Amazon Region. The allocation and sizing of generators for distributed generation application (DG) is a challenging problem, with technical and economic implications related to the planning, design and operation of these systems. Particularly, the PVG presents added difficulty as it is a function of environmental conditions, mainly temperature and solar radiation. This thesis presents an analytical methodology to allocate and size active power photovoltaic generation units with embedded DC/AC inverter (PVGI) to be integrated as concentrated or dispersed generation in isolated medium voltage electrical grids. The proposed methodology considers multiple objectives to be reached namely: improving the electrical grid voltage profile; reducing active power losses; and reducing the diesel generation participation, providing, this way, a reduction in diesel oil consumption and in the environmental pollution. The global obtained solution of the proposed method is a weighted commitment to these goals, presenting different weights according to priorities established in the electrical system under planning. To validate the proposed methodology, the IEEE 33 and 69 buses networks and an isolated real electrical system were modeled and simulated. The real electrical system is located in Aveiro City, in the Amazon region, Brazil. The simulation results obtained demonstrated that the proposed methodology is effective in providing a solution with significant improvement in voltage profile, active power losses reduction, and diesel generation participation reduction, according to viable technical and economic indicators to the PVGI integration in the isolated electrical grid.