Desenvolvimento de um simulador de redes elétricas para estudos da propagação de harmônicos

Abstract

The electricity sector in Brazil has faced many changes due to the modernization of electrical equipment, especially when it refers to residential consumers. This has provided a considerable increase in the level of harmonic distortion in the electric distribution networks, which can be explained by the large use of devices based on power electronics in an attempt to make them more efficient and compact. Therefore, it becomes necessary execute analysis of the levels of harmonic distortion in the power systems. Monitoring by power quality analyzer is the best way to collect data of the electrical system; however, the computer simulation is an efficient tool capable of reproducing the disturbances and behavior of the electric networks for different operating modes. Thus, this paper aims to present a computational environment that helps the harmonic propagation studies in electrical systems. For this, it was used the software ATP (Alternative Transient Program) for modeling the electrical system, the harmonic behavior of a nonlinear load is represented by effective values of harmonic currents in function of time. The measurements were obtained through power quality analysis of a distribution network in the North Region of Brazil. Thus, for this set of measures, a set of simulations was performed, providing for the users the values of harmonic voltages for all buses of the electrical system. Therefore, with the simulator of electrical networks it is possible perform harmonic propagation studies in several electrical systems, and it can work as a strategic planning tool for the use of mitigating measures or for the strategic control of harmonic distortion, from evaluations of most critical moments of harmonic distortion at all points of the network. To demonstrate its use, the industrial system of 13 bar was used as a test system for analysis in this dissertation.