Produção de biocombustíveis via craqueamento térmico-catalítico de resíduos sólidos de caixas de gordura com carbonato de sódio e lama vermelha ativada termicamente

Abstract

This work has the main objective to study the production of biofuels from Thermal-Catalytic Cracking process pilot scale using residual fat removed from the grease traps of the university restaurant of Universidade Federal do Pará (RU-UFPA). The residual fat was collected and treated by sifting, dewatering and separating and introduced into the cracking pilot unit. Were used as catalysts soda ash and red mud thermally activated at 1000 ° C, reject material from the production of alumina Hydro-Alunorte company, which also is an environmental liability. After cracking the organic liquid product obtained was distilled and characterized in the laboratory and pilot scales, obtaining the biofuel Biokerosene band, biogasoline, light and heavy diesel. Additionally, it was investigated the consumption of drinking water of that restaurant and the generation of wastewater, determining the per-capita water consumption, the coefficient of sewage return, the pollution load and the population equivalent. The PLO higher yield of around 82% was obtained with 15% sodium carbonate catalyst. The acid value of the PLO (14.97 mg KOH / g) showed a figure considered low and very satisfactory when compared with the values obtained in the literature. The chromatographic results of the experiment with 10% sodium carbonate showed high content PLO hydrocarbons (78.98%), green kerosene (92.64% of oil) and light diesel (90.21% hydrocarbons). The results denote viability in the production of biofuels from the treated residual fat of the fat boxes.