Tendência da hanseníase em menores de 15 anos no município de Imperatriz- MA no período de 2001 a 2010

Abstract

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease of slow evolution, considered one of the oldest of humanity, is manifested by signs and symptoms dermatoneurological with skin lesions and peripheral nerves, reaching eyes, hands and feet. It is a potentially debilitating disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, and its occurrence in childhood an important indicator of transmissibility, which reflects its magnitude, especially in children under 15 years, requiring rapid diagnosis for this population. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the trend of leprosy in children under 15 years in the city of Empress - MA, from 2001 to 2010. Therefore, we performed a descriptive, retrospective, quantitative, with information generated by SINAN through compulsory notification form of this disease in the months from July to December 2011, the Municipal Health Department, which were used 478 chips notification leprosy cases diagnosed between 2001 and 2010. Where 257 (53.76%) were male, 303 (63.38%) were aged between 10 and 14 years, 221 (46.23%) were of mixed race, 214 (44.76%) had primary education complete. The detection rate in over 15 years ranged from (23.24 / 10.000) and (10.22 / 10,000), respectively for the years 2001 and 2010. And (6.22 / 10,000) and (2.69 / 10,000), respectively for the years 2001 and 2010 in children under 15 years. Regarding the detection rate, the city was considered hyperendemic. As for how clinical predominance of Indefinite with 187 (39.12%) cases. 319 (62.73%) were cases of paucibacillary forms, with the majority of diagnoses occurred through spontaneous records with 235 (49.15%). Of the cases evaluated in smaller (62.26%) showed no degree of disability at diagnosis in the decade studied. 467 (97.7%) of them lived in urban and Empress of 126 (26.35%) were health district of Santa Rita. So even with low mortality, the disease involvement, if not diagnosed and treated promptly, can result in harmful physical, social and psychological on the lives of these children, being the most effective way to eliminate the disease, health education, the diagnosis and prompt and effective treatment.