Prevalência da infecção pelo vírus linfotrópico de células T humanas em mulheres de comunidades remanescentes de quilombos de Santarém, Pará

Abstract

The Lymphotropic Virus Human T-Cell is a oncoretrovirus associated with hematological, neurological, ophthalmological and dermatological pathologies. Currently, other clinical manifestations are described that are possibly associated with direct and indirect effects, immune-mediated, the action of the virus on the body.The main pathologies are described Leukemia / Lymphoma, Adult T Cells (ATLL), Tropical Spastic paraparesis / HTLV Associated Myelopathy (HAM / TSP), infective dermatitis (ID) and Uveitis Associated with HTLV. The transmission of the virus can occur by vertical form, by utero, at birth, or, in most cases through breastfeeding. It can also be transmitted parenterally through, blood transfusion or sharing of contaminated needles and syringes and by sexual contact. In Brazil and the world, the literature has shown that the virus infects mainly women and African descent over the age of 50 years. The aim of this study was to investigate HTLV infection in women remaining quilombos from Santarém, western Pará State. The research was conducted in representative cross demand of women in family groups of ten “quilombola” communities, from October 19 the December 17, 2012. Blood samples were tested for anti-HTLV antibodies using the enzyme immunoassay - ELISA and Polymerase Chain Reaction - PCR was used to identify the viral genotype. genotype. The seroprevalence of HTLV infection was 0,46% (01/216) HTLV-1 was confirmed in a woman of 52 years who has thirteen years dermatological manifestations ith histological diagnosis of erythema multiforme or polymorph. None of the eight investigate family (five children, her husband and two sisters) had infection and mode of transmission involved in the infectious process has not been confirmed. The prevalence per community ranged from 4.76% (1/21) in Pearl Maicá to zero in the other (Arapemã, Saracura, New Vista's Ituqui, St. Raymond's Ituqui, St. Joseph's Ituqui, Bom Jardim, Murumurutuba, Murumuru and Tiningu). This study did not differ significantly from the prevalence of two other, also conducted in quilombos populations of Brazi This movement notification of HTLV-1 in african-Amazonian communities, reinforces the need to implement screening for the virus in public services as well as recycling efforts of health professionals.