Estudo dos aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos do escorpionismo na Região Metropolitana de Belém

Abstract

The scorpionism or accident by scorpion is a public health problem in all Brazilian regions. In the North Region, is the State of Pará which more notifies the occurrence of cases. The municipalities in the Metropolitan Region of Belém (RMB) are that more have presented studies about these accidents, but in a few cases there was evidence the scorpion aggressor. The main objective of this study was to determine the clinical and epidemiological aspects of accidents caused by scorpions in RMB. Were performed the identification, characterization and evaluation of medical importance of scorpions responsible for scorpionisms, donated to the Center for Toxicological information of Belém (CIT-Belém). After notification procedure and medical care of victims, it was traced the clinical and epidemiological profile of the accident victims between January 2007 to June 2015. The municipalities of RMB that presented 55 accidents demonstrably caused by scorpion were Belém (50.9%), Ananindeua (47.3%) and Benevides (1.8%). The scorpions identified are native species in the region: the Tityus obscurus Gervais, 1843 (76%), dark in color that reaches up to 87,95 mm in length and the Tityus silvestris Pocock, 1897 (24%), yellowish with dark spots that reaches up to 45,84 mm of length. The two species injured people preferably into domicile and during the day, the garments were the common location that hid the scorpion T. silvestris before cause the accident (53.8%), while the most frequent shelter of T. obscurus were the fruits (35.5%). The cases occurred with greater frequency in individuals between 30 and 44 years of age, being hands the most common anatomical site for stings, there was no predominance of gender in victims. The majority of victims to T. obscurus presented local manifestations of poisoning (83.3%), some have evolved with systemic manifestations (11.9%), all the victims by T. silvestris had local manifestations and of these 23% evolved to clinical condition of systemic poisoning. All victims after answer evolved to high with total cure. We conclude that occurs scorpion envenomation in RMB by two native species in the Amazon, T. obscurus and T. silvestris with morphological differences and epidemiological characteristics. It is the first time that reports systemic symptoms in poisoning by T. silvestris revealing the medical importance of this species. Studies of the poison of this should be carried out to check their real importance in public health.