Proposição de indicadores de custo efetividade para soluções alternativas de abastecimento de água - Estudo de caso para comunidades rurais do município de Belém e Acará

Abstract

The study, in general terms, sought to develop a methodology that could contribute to a better decision making regarding the implementation of alternative water supply solutions in rural areas. Since these seek to provide access to potable water to rural dwellers, from the assembly of small alternative stations; reduce and / or eliminate water consumption directly from the river, which is often polluted and / or contaminated; better health conditions for the population. Through this work, the costs involved in the implantation were raised using the combined technique proposed by Tietenberg. Based on knowledge based on information available in the literature, effectiveness indicators were proposed in five dimensions of analysis and evaluation (social, operational, environmental and institutional political). The dimensions were based on those proposals in the literature for sustainable development analysis. And the selected indicators, in number of nine, were constructed using the theoretical scope from the studies developed by Dias and Guimarães. The methodology was applied to four alternative supply solution projects and the results were obtained from the cost x effectiveness ratio. It was found that the 'Hybrid' alternative solution is more cost effective in most scenarios, however in some scenarios it is necessary to apply a more weighted analysis to guarantee the efficiency in the implementation of alternative solutions. The proposal and the results obtained are relevant to enable decision-making mechanisms for the feasibility and financial application of water supply projects that guarantee access, quality, quantity, security and sustainable development to rural communities.