Análise das forças indutoras do desmatamento no estado do Amapá

Abstract

Historically the state of Amapá has low rates of deforestation, due to this fact, there are few studies related to the subject. The state is in the initial stage of forest transition process, but it has the same conditions of other Amazonian regions that suffer from the border cycle. Under this approach, this study aimed to analyze the forest transition process in the state of Amapá, identifying the main inducing factors that led and that can lead land use changes and the main government measures have developed to prevent deforestation through the valuation and payment for environmental services. The research methodology involved three steps, the first step aimed to analyze the scenario of deforestation through extensive research in official monitoring bodies (INPE and SEMA/AP), consulting documents provided to the State and previous studies. Later, in a second step was identified the induction factors to deforestation, from a correlation analysis was possible to obtain the degree of influence of each factor in deforestation rates issued by the PRODES project. At this stage, it was also performed statistical analysis of TerraClass project data with the aim of mapping the land use changes. The third stage aimed to identify the main existing legal provisions in the state of Amapá to be integrated into a policy of incentives and increase the provision of environmental services based on the REDD + mechanism. It was observed that deforestation rates in the state of Amapá has further declined in recent years due to factors such as command and control policies and may also be associated with the appreciation of the Acai - Euterpe oleracea after the verticalization of the production chain. The state has a small clearings profile caused mostly by family agriculture, low herd relationship and deforested area, and a large index of abandoned areas, indicating that agricultural production incentive policies may be practiced without the need for further cleared areas. Based on the results and experiences observed in other places, it is clear that the State has a key role in the containment of deforestation inducing the development of productive chains coupled with the implementation of a REDD + Jurisdictional system.