Indicadores de sustentabilidade como ferramentas para a implantação de projetos REDD: uma proposta ao estado do Pará

Abstract

The high rates of deforestation and forest degradation in the Amazon, especially in the State of Pará, have been one of the biggest challenges for Brazil to reach the "ecologically balanced environment" provided by its Constitution, as well as the country to meet targets for reducing global emissions of greenhouse gases, observing the context of Climate Change. Given the unsustainability of the current model, a new logic process gains space and strength and one of its new components is the valuation of environmental services provided by Nature as a way of linking economy and environment, by applying the sustaintability principle. Thus, the mechanism for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation – REDD outstands and has broaden ground in recent years, including under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change’s base, as a possible alternative to ally economic dividends and environmental conservation on behalf of local development of local of social groups maintainers of forest areas. Even not having a specific legal framework under international, national and state level, and being technically under a major development, REDD experiences have started and became real in developing countries with large forest potential such as Brazil. In attention to the fragility of this situation, we attempted to propose a set of sustainability indicators in four dimensions - environmental, economic, social and institutional - aiming to contribute with a basic methodology to technically guide the state's decision-making regarding the implementation of REDD projects targeting the efficiency of such projects and the increasing participation of the State as development promoter.