Aplicações da Lei Federal n.º 13.465/2017: um estudo da regularização fundiária urbana de interesse específico em Castanhal/PA (2017-2022)

Abstract

This thesis aims to investigate the application of Federal Law n.º 13.465/2017, specifically the urban land regularization of specific interest (Reurb-E), in the municipality of Castanhal, state of Pará, between 2017 and 2022. The aim is to understand how the law has been implemented, observing the presence of gaps and challenges. The hypothesis suggests that the application of the Reurb law may be impacted by the pressure of real estate speculation, as well as land concentration in the municipality. This may indicate the need to review and reinterpret Federal Law n.º 13.465/2017, based on the Reurb-E samples analyzed. Regarding the methodological design, this is an empirical research, with a descriptive and exploratory approach and an inductive approach method. The primary data, through documentary and procedural research, were collected at the 1st Notary and Real Estate Registry Office of Castanhal. This data correspond to 75 (seventy-five) Reurb-E registrations registered at the aforementioned registry office. The collection of this material supported the evaluation of compliance with the criteria indicated in articles 35 and 36 of Federal Law n.º 13.465/2017. Other documentary sources were also accessed, such as: certificates issued by the municipal real estate registry office, municipal decrees establishing Reurb-E published by the city of Castanhal and urban legislation. As a source of supplementary evidence, the remote sensing technique was also chosen for data collection. Regarding the methodological procedures for interpreting and analyzing the collected data, the quantitative-qualitative approach was chosen. Furthermore, the triangulation technique was adopted to compare the collected evidence with the help of the mathematical software MATLAB. As final considerations, the results point to: a) a scenario of land concentration in Castanhal, including Reurb-E; b) the implementation of urban land regularization of specific interest in non-compliance with Federal Law n.º 13.465/2017; c) the advancement of Reurb-E towards areas located in the transition zone that delimits the border between rural and urban in the municipality; d) the land regularization of lots, exclusively, through land legitimization; e) the scarcity of studies and problematizations in relation to the theme of land regularization of specific interest; f) the quantitatively predominant concentration of Reurb-E records in central areas (in areas with a greater supply of public services and equipment); g) discrepancies between the data presented in the processes filed in the registry office and the remote sensing images; h) a model of urban land regularization focused on the financialization of housing and detached from environmental, social and urban dimensions. These results contribute to the understanding of the profile of Reurb-E in Castanhal and can support the development of public policies and land regularization models that are more appropriate to the Amazonian reality, seeking a balance between urbanization, social justice and environmental preservation.