Ordenamento territorial no município de Maracanã/PA: espectros sobre a criação da reserva extrativista

Abstract

The object of study of this thesis was the territorial planning (OT) of the municipality of Maracanã, in Pará, after the creation of the Extractive Reserve. The construction of this research was motivated by the need to understand the process of constitution of the OT in the municipality of Maracanã, Pará, since the creation of the Extractive Reserve (RESEX). With this perspective, we ask: How did the OT occur in Maracanã, PA, after the creation of the RESEX? In the search for answers, we established as the general objective of the investigation, to analyze the OT that was formed in Maracanã, PA, after the creation of the RESEX. Methodologically, we chose to begin with a bibliographic review on OT, Conservation Unit and Coastal Zoning Policies, based on the ideas of Moraes (1999), Pereira (2010), Amêndola (2011), Moreira (2011), Veloso (2018), among others who discuss these themes. In addition to the literature review, the research included a field study (Gil, 2008), using semi-structured interviews as a data collection instrument (Pádua, 2002; Severino, 2007; Oliveira, 2010). Twelve people who were members of the Deliberative Council of the Maracanã RESEX, PA, were selected during the data collection period. The interpretations were based on the Content Analysis technique, as suggested by Bardin (1977). We understand that all these moments of the research were effective in establishing the importance of the theme in view of the context of the current debate on OT added to the municipality located in the Amazon. We conclude that the OT in Maracanã is perceived by the participants as a deprived space, an instrument for use, control and act of preservation of the space with a perspective of inclusive and democratic environmental management, as well as a movement that causes (dis)order and conflicts. The OT process occurred from actions originated with the creation of the RESEX, mainly aimed at establishing socio-environmental sustainability, creating new dynamics in this space and regulations. This includes the impacts of learning more appropriate for the use and preservation of the space, establishing a new order of actions within the territorial limits of the municipality.