Gestão de riscos de desastres: a análise da gestão dos alagamentos nos bairros do Aurá e Santana do Aurá

Abstract

Environmental impacts profoundly modify the natural conditions of our reality, the consequence of which is often related to advances in urbanization and unbridled population growth. When urban solid waste is disposed of improperly, the risk of disasters intensifies, due to obstruction of rivers, lakes and creeks and congestion of urban drainage system structures, leaving populations vulnerable to flooding. coping with the flooding disaster and its relationship with solid waste. This research aimed to analyze the risk of flooding disasters with the inadequate and irregular disposal of urban solid waste in the neighborhoods of Aurá and Santana do Aurá, metropolitan region of Belém RMB , Pará. The methodology used was qualitative with an exploratory and inductive nature, with the methodological procedures of the research being bibliographic surveys such as the national policy for civil defense protection (Law 12,608), collection of information through on-site visits, verbal communication with residents, questionnaires at the research school E.M.E.F Santana do Aurá, photographic record of elements that show the inadequate disposal of urban solid waste, in addition to the use of participatory mapping as an activity and element of inclusion as a civil defense strategy in the identification of critical points shown by the community itself .In the characterization of solid waste, the following main components were identified: plastic bottles, unusable tires, mud, rest of vegetation, açaí seeds, wood, furniture and discarded appliances, a lot of scrap derived from construction waste from civil works. The lack or deficiency of maintenance in drainage structures, in galleries, channels, ditches and gutters of rivers, streams obstructed by solid waste, as well as the large amount spread on public roads, there is a lack of perception and environmental education. From the research, recommendations were proposed, as a technical subsidy for disaster management planning, through the approximation of municipal civil defense with the institutions present (schools, community centers and NGOs) in the municipal and state context, with a view to reducing environmental impacts and to increase the resilience of communities in the neighborhoods of Aurá and Santana do Aurá. The results pointed to the need to improve environmental education, the inclusion of crosstheme studies on basic concepts in civil defense in the classroom and techniques used by the municipal civil defense coordination to increase the resilience of the community, the strengthening of the relationship through existing legal instruments, developing standards and guidelines directly related to solid waste and flooding.