Análise da resiliência aos riscos ambientais na Amazônia Paraense, estudo de caso de Barcarena-PA

Abstract

Ongoing climate change exposes coastal cities to rising sea levels, changes in the pattern of extreme events, intensifying fluvial-estuarine erosion processes and landslides on coastal cliffs. These factors put the population and infrastructure at risk from natural coastal hazards. However, in light of this scenario, cities have the capacity to carry out management actions that involve promoting the resilience of infrastructure and the institutional system. This resilience can be understood as the ability of a system to withstand, adapt to, and recover from a possible threat. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to analyze resilience in the context of environmental risks through the legal actions of the municipal manager of the city of Barcarena-PA. The methodology used includes bibliographic and documentary research of a legal-normative nature (laws, resolutions, ordinances, and decrees), based on a qualitative analysis. This analysis consists of identifying how resilience is being employed in the documentary framework. Additionally, an identification of environmental risks was carried out based on the geographic information system (GIS) and field forms. Finally, an analysis of the perception of public administration agents was conducted regarding the dimensions of infrastructure and institutional aspects. The results of the analyses carried out indicate that Barcarena presents risks related to fluvio-estuarine erosion and occasional landslides. In terms of document analysis, the need to update the municipal legal and regulatory instruments on the topic of resilience was observed, aligning the documentation with the actions implemented in the municipality, which were identified in the field form and through the application of questionnaires to public administration agents, such as structural and non-structural interventions implemented in certain areas.