A Rede de Mulheres das Marés e das Águas do litoral do Pará e a construção de um feminismo ecoterritorial nos maretórios

Abstract

The central objective of this thesis is to understand the sociopolitical actions, social practices, knowledge, and experiences of coastal and marine extractivist women, in the process of mobilizing to create the Network of Women of the Tides and Waters of the Pará Coast, and their activism in defense of their "maretórios" (marine territories) in the mangroves of the Amazon in Pará. It also seeks to determine whether, in this process, they can constitute a social alternative in dialogue with the eco-territorial feminisms of the South (Svampa, 2021; 2025). Thus, this thesis contributes to the historical record of the struggle for the protection of Amazonian mangroves, highlighting the processes that have occurred in the marine extractive reserves of Pará, as well as the role of women and the discourses involved, both in claims for socio-environmental justice and in state actions. The analysis is based on perspectives from political sociology, political ecology, feminist epistemology, feminist political ecology, as well as other authors critical of development. This work, therefore, adds efforts to critically understand the meanings of struggles and resistance that have been and are being built in the "maretórios," and the leadership of the women of the tides and waters in this context. In this way, through a case study, the thesis analyzes how the women of the tides and waters are constructing an eco-territorial feminism of the tides that is, simultaneously, situated, emerging from their specific experiences; connected, since it articulates with other movements and struggles; and, above all, transformative, proposing other ways of life, economy, education, and relationships with nature, changing the lives of the women involved and their communities. This is achieved by building a network that organizes and operates on multiple scales, developing its own epistemology of emotions and affections.