Plano de prevenção para minimização de ocorrências de incêndios florestais no município de Paragominas, Pa

Abstract

Forest Fire is defined as a type of fire that has no control and is characterized by its progress over a vast area, being able to quickly change direction depending on the wind, overcoming various obstacles, as well as roads and rivers. The study was carried out in the Municipality of Paragominas, which is located in the southwest of the State of Pará in the Southeast mesoregion, with an area of approximately 19,342.565 km² and an estimated population of 115,838 inhabitants. A qualitative and quantitative cross-sectional analytical study was carried out, with the general objective of studying the main factors that influence the emergence of a forest fire, as well as specific objectives, the main reasons that lead to a forest fire, assessment of risk perception, the use of the risk index for fire assessment, mapping of areas affected by forest fires in Paragominas and the relationship between the number of fires in the Amazon and the El Niño event. A questionnaire was instituted with the communities, in order to collect statistical data on the risks of forest fires, their form of prevention and how they would act in the event of fires. It was commented on some important concepts for the study, such as the emergence of Fire, Forest Fire, Controlled Burning, Monitoring of Fires and Areas Devastated by Forest Fires. The study showed that there is a relative perception of risk on the part of the local population and the main cause of forest fires in the region is due to natural causes and unauthorized or uncontrolled fires verified mainly in the period from August to October. The study showed that the northwest and central sector of the region formed by restinga areas is the most susceptible to the triggering of forest fires. As a Methodology, the Municipality of Paragominas was used as a Study Area, as well as Materials and Methods that were applied so that a conclusion could be reached. After all these studies were concluded, a Prevention Plan was instituted as a technical product to be implemented and executed, with the objective of preventing and minimizing the effects caused by a forest fire.