Correlação entre ângulo de fase e coordenação motora em adultos com síndrome de Down

Abstract

Down Syndrome (DS) is a genetic disease resulting from the trisomy of chromosome 21, which affects various aspects of the physical and cognitive development of people who have it. People with DS have less muscle tone and strength than their peers with typical development. This can affect their motor coordination, making it more challenging to perform specific movements and activities of daily living. Aim: To analyze the correlation between bioimpedance parameters (phase angle, capacitance, resistance and reactance) and motor coordination in adults with DS. Materials and methods: 42 adults were assessed, stratified into a DS group (attended by APAE - Belém) and a reference group (GR), students at UFPA - Belém of both sexes, aged between 18 and 40 years. Motor coordination was assessed using the Körperkoordinations test Für Kinder (KTK), a battery of four tests designed to evaluate the skills that make up the motor coordination construct. Body composition was assessed by measuring weight and height, followed by bioimpedance analysis. The data was tabulated in an Excel spreadsheet. The variables were analyzed using the R language. Normality was tested using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) was used for correlations and the significance level adopted was p ≤ 0.05. Linear regression models were subsequently produced to assess the association between the variables. Results: The phase angle values found were 6.21 ± 0.58o for the SD group and 7.42 ± 0.91o for the CG. There was no correlation between phase angle and raw scores on the KTK tasks in the SD and CG groups. When analyzing the data collected from all the volunteers, there was a correlation between phase angle and raw KTK scores (n = 42). The regression models showed a significant association between phase angle and the monopedal jump task (adjusted R2 = 0.88) and phase angle and the lateral jump task (adjusted R2 = 0.87), adjusted for the group. Conclusion: This study's results suggest a correlation between phase angle and motor coordination; however, this relationship was only observed in the group as a whole and not specifically in adults with DS.