Desenvolvimento de uma metodologia de despacho de energia elétrica de um sistema de geração fotovoltaica com armazenamento de energia híbrido para sistemas isolados

Abstract

The pursuit of sustainable energy solutions for isolated regions has become an increasing challenge, especially due to the need to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and expand the use of renewable sources. In this context, this work proposes an optimal energy dispatch methodology for isolated systems, considering the joint operation of diesel generation, photovoltaic systems, and hybrid energy storage composed of lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors. The strategy aims to optimize the use of available energy resources, promoting a more efficient, reliable, and environmentally responsible operation, with a focus on reducing fossil fuel consumption. The system modeling was based on the IEEE 33-bus network, adapted to represent the characteristics of isolated microgrids. Hourly load and solar generation profiles were used to simulate the typical behavior of residential systems in remote areas. The mathematical formulation of the optimization problem was developed in Python, integrating the Pyomo and pandapower libraries, along with the OpenDSS tool for complementary electrical analysis and validation. The proposed methodology considers different operational scenarios, with specific cost functions assigned to each resource, as well as the verification of technical constraints of the network, such as voltage limits and current capacity of the lines. The approach was evaluated through iterative simulations, integrating the optimization model with the electrical simulation environment to ensure consistency between the energy dispatch and the physical behavior of the network. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in operating costs and carbon emissions, with greater use of renewable energy and strategic operation of the storage systems.