Mapeamento de focos de calor no Parque Estadual do Mirador – MA de 2013 a 2022

Abstract

Conservation Units (CU) are important territories for the preservation and balance of the biodiversity of a region. Every year forest fires cause destruction and damage in several CU throughout Brazil. This destruction affects not only the fauna and flora of the biomes, but also populations living on the outskirts of these localities. In the State of Maranhão, the Mirador Statue Park (MSP) is the Conservation Unit most affected by forest fires. In 2022, 738 heat focuses were recorded in the MSP. Thus, this study aimed to map heat focuses that occurred inside the Mirador from 2013 to 2022. To this end, precipitation data were obtained to identify the correlation of this variable with heat focuses, in addition to locating the region of the park where the highest records of heat focuses are concentrated. The heat focuses data was organized and processed using the QGIS 3.16 software and kernel density maps were elaborated. Throughout the year, it can be seen that heat focuses records were concentrated in the dry period (May to September) and that the eastern edge is the most affected region. This result is due to the increase in 5.33% of areas of anthropic use in the municipality of Mirador - MA. This information can subsidize the elaboration of the park's management plan, in addition to assisting the actions of prevention and mitigation of forest fires by the competent bodies.