Violência na Amazônia: uma análise do perfil da população carcerária do sistema penitenciário de Castanhal e da influência ambiental na criminalização do indivíduo

Abstract

Anthropology, as a science focused on the study of human influence on the environment, allows us to assess the consequences of human activities, which are often associated with negative impacts, such as environmental degradation and social disorganization. In the Amazon, irregular occupation of the territory and indiscriminate exploitation of natural resources intensify these problems, creating a scenario conducive to the marginalization of individuals. Social exclusion and the absence of effective public policies favor the recruitment of these marginalized agents by criminal factions. The growth of these organized groups in the Amazon region has resulted in violent conflicts, driven by drug trafficking and the dispute over strategic territories. The lack of state presence, combined with operational and logistical deficiencies of the security forces, makes it difficult to confront these organizations, allowing them to expand. As a result, crime becomes more complex, involving a series of simultaneous offenses, which requires a detailed legal approach to the material concurrence of crimes such as trafficking, homicides, and corruption. The State's inability to contain the advance of organized crime intensifies insecurity in the Amazon, directly affecting the population's quality of life and contributing to a continuous cycle of violence. This study seeks to understand the connections between the strengthening of criminal organizations and the increase in violence in the Amazon region, analyzing the challenges faced by public institutions and the impact of violence on the population's daily lives. The research also aims to discuss alternatives to strengthen public policies and state action in reducing crime and promoting social development.