Percepção dos pescadores sobre a viabilidade da pesca artesanal frente às políticas pesqueiras e às mundanças ambientais

Abstract

Traditional and local knowledge of artisanal fishers located in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon contributed to analyzing the feasibility of fishing in the face of fisheries policy and environmental changes. The research is classified as descriptive with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, using content analysis supported by the Atlas.ti 8 software. The fishing ban period (Closed Season) is recognized for its ecological value but is also criticized due to the lack of enforcement and frequent delays in receiving the economic subsidy (Defeso Insurance) during the prohibited months. Regarding environmental perception, there is growing concern about climate change (increased winds, higher temperatures, and altered tides), contamination, and the decline of species, as well as water pollution caused by industries and by the fishers themselves. In light of limited community initiatives and structural constraints, some fishers demonstrate resilience through actions such as collecting waste, distributing drinking water, and raising awareness on social media. The research presents social implications that may contribute to environmental and fisheries management strategies aligned with the local reality and adaptation to environmental and climate changes.