Das resistências cotidianas à identidade coletiva: conflitualidades territoriais e acordos de pesca no Baixo Tocantins, Limoeiro do Ajuru, Pará

Abstract

The Fishing Agreements in Limoeiro do Ajuru, specifically from the community of Rio Cardoso, emerge from conflict and conflictuality. However, since their establishment in the 1990s, they have taken on new expressions that transcend artisanal fishing. In the process of developing these agreements and the conflicts they generate, a sense of belonging and collective identity is strengthened, mobilized as a form of resistance, uniting divergent interests towards a common goal. This constitutes an ethnography of conflict and conflictuality that raises the question: how is collective identity mobilized around these processes? The objectives focus on the most relevant aspects of the relationship between conflict, conflictuality, and identity, as well as on the confrontations faced by riverine communities with infrastructure projects that impact fishing territories in this part of the Lower Tocantins. Specifically, it aims to examine the organizational strategies and coping mechanisms that the collective of fishermen has built over the course of their organization process. The methodology adopts a qualitative approach, using various methodological tools to capture the complexity of interdisciplinary investigation. The theoretical framework provides a historical understanding of the Tocantins River, contextualizing the multiple processes of interests surrounding it. The research offers theoretical contributions to the study of the estuarine Amazon, riverine communities, and the Fishing Agreements. These agreements extend beyond fishing, connecting to the socio environmental movements of the 1990s and promoting improvements, such as electrification, that strengthen community autonomy. Finally, the research highlights the urgent need to rethink the development model that degrades the Tocantins River, resulting in a systemic crisis that compromises biodiversity, culture, economy, and the very existence of riverine communities.