Camaroeiras frente à emergência climática: impactos, desafios e resiliência pelas pescadoras de camarão de Itaperuçu, Baião (PA)

Abstract

This dissertation investigated the impacts, challenges, and strategies adopted by the camaroeiras (female shrimp fishers) of the Itaperuçu community, located in the municipality of Baião (PA), in the face of the climate emergency that threatens the artisanal shrimp fishery (Macrobrachium amazonicum). The objective was to understand the challenges these women face amid environmental changes and to analyze their adaptive strategies. The study recognizes the socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental importance of artisanal fishing in the Lower Tocantins region, highlighting the leading role of women in this activity. The research followed a qualitative and quantitative approach, based on bibliographic review, semi-structured interviews, and participant observation. In 2025, local perceptions were identified regarding the effects of climate change, including stock reduction, alterations in reproductive cycles, and shifts in fishing areas. Adaptive strategies adopted by the camaroeiras were also described, such as modifications in fishing gear and the diversification of income sources, demonstrating their resilience capacity. The results broaden the understanding of the interface between gender, artisanal fishing, and climate change in the Amazon, reinforcing the need for dialogue between local knowledge and participatory management of fishery resources.