Propagação de ondas em cadeias granulares com desordem

Abstract

The propagation of wavefront amplitude in disordered granular chains exhibits distinct characteristics influenced by structural variability, grain mechanical properties, and initial excitation conditions. In this work, we perform numerical simulations using a model based on Hertzian interaction and a predictor-corrector integration method to analyze the impact of disorder level on momentum dissipation along the chain. Different materials and initial velocities were considered to evaluate wavefront propagation. The results indicate that, for low disorder (ε ≤ 10%),the wavefront maintains its coherence. At high disorder levels (10% ≤ ε ≤ 100%),intense wavefront fragmentation occurs, characterizing a regime dominated by local interactions. Quadratic fits were employed to describe the decay of the wavefront amplitude in low-disorder chains, while a power-law fit was found to be suitable for highly disordered systems. The influence of grain mechanical properties was analyzed, demonstrating that material stiffness affects energy dispersion but does not significantly alter the global decay pattern. These results contribute to the understanding of the dynamics of disordered granular systems and their applications in material engineering and impact control.