Hidroxicloroquina em doses elevadas provoca alterações nas oscilações cerebrais de baixa frequência em registros eletrocorticográficos de forma não concomitante as alterações na função cardíaca, hepática e renal em ratos wistar

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic led to the use of hydroxychloroquine as a possible treatment despite inconclusive results. The drug is known for its use in other conditions and received extensive media coverage. However, studies have shown a lack of efficacy and side effects. Objective: This study questions whether hydroxychloroquine can cause toxicity depending on the dose and duration of use. Methods: The study used 54 adult male Wistar rats housed under controlled conditions. Drugs, including anesthetics and hydroxychloroquine, were administered. The rats underwent surgery for the implantation of brain and cardiac electrodes. They were divided into groups with different doses of hydroxychloroquine over various periods. Electrocorticographic and electrocardiographic recordings were obtained, and blood samples were collected for biochemical analyses. Data analysis was performed using statistical software. After the procedures, the animals were sacrificed. Results: High doses of HCQ altered electrocorticographic traces in the motor cortex of the rats, with behavioral changes and variations in the spectral power of brain waves, decreased cardiac activity, and increased levels of liver enzymes AST and ALT. Conclusion: High doses of HCQ significantly altered electrocorticographic patterns in the motor cortex, increased biochemical components, and decreased cardiac activity in rats.