Instrumentos de Pesquisa para Adaptação Familiar à Crianças com Deficiência: Adaptações Transculturais para o Brasil

Abstract

The main objective of this dissertation was to conduct a cross-cultural adaptation process of two research instruments aimed at the study of aspects that mediate the adaptation of families to the presence of children with disabilities, in versions applicable to brazilian samples. Considering the contributions from the Double ABC-X model of family studies, and the 2.0 positive psychology perspective, and after searching the literature in the field of studies with families, two instruments originating in the English language were chosen, the Family Inventory of Life Events and Changes (FILE) and the Family Impact of Childhood Disability (FICD). Therefore, the present research is subdivided into two independent, but complementary studies, describing the adaptation process of each of the instruments. After authorization from those responsible for both instruments, a protocol for cross-cultural adaptation was initiated, which followed five stages: translation from English to Portuguese; synthesis of translations; reverse translation, from Portuguese to English (or back- translation); analysis of the validity of translations by an expert committee; and pretest with a sample of the target population (families of children with disabilities). It was established as a criterion of validity of the adaptations the need for both instruments to reach a level of agreement of at least 80% in all stages, especially the pre-test, which occurred in both instruments (81.8% for FILE and 90.9 and for FICD). In addition, field notes were used to record the conduct of all stages, which could contribute to the adaptation process. It is concluded that the processes were successful in the sense that representative versions of the instruments were developed considering the idiomatic, semantic and cultural differences of the Brazilian population. Therefore, both the Escala de Eventos de Vida Familiares e Mudanças and the Escala de Percepção Familiar da Deficiência da Criança constitute themselves as new tools for more sensitive and reliable investigations about the process of family adaptation to the presence of children with disabilities in Brazilian families.